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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 91 records · Page 5
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

Portable Optical Particle Spectrometer aboard an Airborne Platform (POPS_AIR) Instrument Handbook

The U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility portable optical particle spectrometer (POPS) is a lightweight particle spectrometer designed for aerosol particle size distribution measurement. Several POPS of different versions have been procured to serve as routine instruments for the ARM Aerial Facility (AAF) unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and tethered balloon system (TBS) deployment since 2018. POPS measures the aerosol particle size distribution approximately between 0.13 and 3 μm.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Aircraft-Integrated Meteorological Measurement System (AIMMS) Instrument Handbook

The AIMMS-20 probe is manufactured by Aventech Research Inc. and measures platform position, velocity, attitude, ambient temperature, static pressure, and the differential pressures from a 5-port hemispheric gust probe, and combines all these measured data into a calculation of the ambient winds. A detailed description of the AIMMS-20 specifications is available here. Note: The Aventech engineers use the aircraft-centric frame of reference common to aeronautical engineering, which defines z as down.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Multi-Element Water Content System Instrument Handbook

The SEA Model WCM-2000 multi-element water content system was designed to provide aircraft and wind tunnel users with a single, rugged sensor to simultaneously measure liquid water content (LWC), total water content (TWC), and ice water content (IWC). The instrument consists of four heated stainless steel elements, each with a different shape or size. Each element is directly heated by low-voltage DC current flowing through the element. These elements are maintained at a constant temperature, typically 140°C, by a digital closed-loop control system. Three of the heated elements are exposed directly to the airstream and incoming cloud water. A fourth element, the reference/comp element, is arranged to be exposed to the airflow but not to incoming cloud water. This element is used to establish the “dry power term” that is subtracted from the other three elements’ power readings to establish the measured water content.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2026

First ARM Mobile Facility (AMF1) Aerosol Observing System (AOS01) Instrument Handbook

The U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility Mobile Aerosol Observing System – Aerosols (MAOS-A), designated AOS01, entered service in March of 2012 at the Los Alamos National Laboratory for the Pajarito Aerosol Coupling to Ecosystems (PACE) field campaign. The Aerosol Observing System is meant to be a standalone, completely autonomous, aerosol sampling system. It requires only power, 208VAC 1φ or 440 VAC 1φ, and an internet connection to be operational. The physical structure is a standard-sized shipping container, 20 feet long by 8 feet wide. Inside, the walls, ceiling, and floor are insulated using >3.5” of spray polyurethane foam with an R-value of 6.2/inch of insulation. The interior walls, floor and ceiling are lined with ¾” plywood for durability and have integrated unistrut for mounting equipment.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Second ARM Mobile Facility (AMF2) Aerosol Observing System (AOS) Instrument Handbook

The U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility’s second mobile facility (AMF2) Aerosol Observing System, designated AOS02, entered service in October of 2010 at Steamboat Springs, Colorado for the Storm Peak Laboratory Cloud Property Validation Experiment (StormVEx). The Aerosol Observing S ystem is meant to be a standalone, autonomous, aerosol sampling system. It requires only power, 208 or 440 VAC 1φ, and an internet connection to be operational. The physical structure is a standard-sized shipping container, 20 feet long by 8 feet wide. Inside, the walls, ceiling, and floors are insulated using >3.5” of spray polyurethane foam with an R-value of 6.2/inch of insulation. The interior walls, floor, and ceiling are lined with ¾” plywood for durability and have integrated unistrut for mounting equipment.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Third ARM Mobile Facility (AMF3) Aerosol Observing System (AOS) Instrument Handbook

The U.S. Department of Energy ARM user facility’s AMF3 AOS, designated AOS03, entered service in August of 2016 at the ARM Mobile Facility at Oliktok Point, Alaska. The Aerosol Observing System is meant to be a standalone, completely autonomous, aerosol sampling system. It requires only power, 208VAC, and an internet connection to be operational. The physical structure is a standard-sized shipping container, 20 feet long by 8 feet wide. Inside, the walls, ceiling, and floors are insulated using >3.5” of spray polyurethane foam with an R-value of 6.2/inch of insulation. The interior walls, floor, and ceiling are lined with ¾” plywood for durability and have integrated unistrut for mounting equipment.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Eastern North Atlantic (ENA) Aerosol Observing System (AOS) Instrument Handbook

The U.S. Department of Energy ARM user facility’s ENA AOS, designated AOS06, entered service in October of 2013 at the ARM Facility on Graciosa Island, Azores. The Aerosol Observing System is meant to be a standalone, completely autonomous, aerosol sampling system. It requires only power, 208VAC 1φ or 440 VAC 1φ, and an internet connection to be operational. The physical structure is a standard-sized shipping container, 20 feet long by 8 feet wide. Inside, the walls, ceiling, and floors are insulated using >3.5” of spray polyurethane foam with an R-value of 6.2/inch of insulation. The interior walls, floor, and ceiling are lined with ¾” plywood for durability and have integrated unistrut for mounting equipment.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Southern Great Plains (SGP) Aerosol Observing System (AOS) Instrument Handbook

The ARM AOSs are not instruments in and of themselves, but rather each is a collection of instruments that make up what is termed the “ARM Baseline Instrumentation”. The AMF3 AOS consists of the instruments listed above as well as any “guest” instruments that may be present during any given intensive operational period (IOP). A series of subsystems operate in the background and are essential to the operation of the instruments and the AOS as a whole.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Handbook on the Material Properties of Yttrium Hydride for High Temperature Moderator Applications

Yttrium hydride is an optimal choice for a high-temperature moderator material in advanced thermal neutron spectrum reactors that require small core volumes. A complete database of the thermomechanical properties of yttrium hydride is not yet available, although it is much needed to understand and predict the moderator performance during service in reactors. This milestone report presents the properties of unirradiated bulk yttrium hydride as a function of hydrogen concentration—including density, crystal structure, specific heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, thermal conductivity, hardness, elastic/shear moduli, Poisson’s ratio, fracture strength, microstructure, and thermal stability. This information provides a baseline measurement for the subsequent neutron irradiation response study of yttrium hydride. The recommended empirical treatment of the data is suggested. In addition, other properties (i.e., hydrogen retention, thermal hydrogen migration, and irradiation response) requiring investigation are discussed. Also included are the Preliminary post-irradiation examination (PIE) data of yttrium hydride irradiated at 600 and 900°C to 0.1 dpa in the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR). The thermophysical properties have insignificant change following this low dpa irradiation for both irradiation temperatures.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Four Contributions to the 3rd Edition of Accelerator Handbook

We present brief summaries ”Operational Limits in High-Intensity Hadron Accelerators” (new), ”Beam-Beam Compensation Schemes” (update), ”Space-Charge Compensation in Hadron Beams” (update) and ”Electron Lenses”(update).

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Ice Nucleation Spectrometer (INS) Instrument Handbook

The Ice Nucleation Spectrometer (INS) is an offline analytical measurement system used to process filter samples for freezing temperature spectra of immersion-mode ice nucleating particle (INP) number concentrations. It is almost identical to the CSU Ice Spectrometer (IS) design. While basic immersion freezing methods have been applied for decades, recent intercomparison studies (DeMott et al. 2017, 2018b) with other methods for sampling ambient INPs support the method’s utility. Use of the INS with filters produces spectra spanning wide dynamic ranges of temperature and, hence, INP concentration (e.g., six orders of magnitude). The INS is supported with well-established experimental protocols and has been applied in many diverse scenarios.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Continuous Light Absorption Photometer (CLAP) Instrument Handbook

Reliable measurements of aerosol light absorption are crucial for quantifying the radiative forcing of climate. As a consequence, light absorption measurements are recommended for all stations in the Global Atmosphere Watch network, which is coordinated by the World Meteorological Organization. Aerosol light absorption is often dominated by soot-like particles produced by the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous fuels, commonly termed "black carbon", and optical methods are the primary way that equivalent black carbon concentrations are derived. Two basic approaches are used for determining the aerosol light absorption coefficient: in situ methods where the absorption is measured while the particles are suspended in air, and filter-based methods where the particles are deposited on a filter for real-time optical analysis. In situ methods are inherently more accurate because the physical state of the particles can be changed by the act of filtration. Unfortunately, currently available instruments for in situ measurements are more expensive and difficult to operate than filter-based methods, making them better suited for use in intensive field campaigns or as laboratory reference instruments. Filter-based instruments, because of their lower cost and simpler operation, have been the preferred choice for long-term measurements of aerosol light absorption in monitoring networks.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Multispectral and Thermal Imager Onboard Aerial Platforms Instrument Handbook

The MicaSense Altum imager is an off-the-shelf, synchronized multispectral and thermal camera, combined with a Global Positioning System (GPS) unit and downwelling light sensor (DLS). The Altum takes images of the land surface within its field of view (FOV) across five visible bands and one longwave infrared thermal band. The sensor records the radiance and converts it to digital numbers. Imagery is radiometrically corrected, taking into account the sensor calibration, lens distortions, vignette effects, sun angle, and atmospheric effects (scattering and absorption). The photogrammetry software Agisoft PhotoScan v 1.4 is used to align and stitch the images into a larger composite image using the technique of structure from motion image capture to construct a dense cloud and 3D model of the surface, which is used to produce a digital elevation model of the terrain surveyed and orthomosaic imagery. Land surface leaf area index, albedo, and surface skin temperature are provided for the user. The user can perform raster calculations on the imagery to produce various other vegetative indices, which are used to indicate plant health and land surface characteristics, including Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (GNDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), surface temperature, and Enhanced_vegetation_index (EVI). This code is provided with the readme file for each data set. The images have a resolution of 20-60 cm/pixel, which are subsampled to 100 cm/pixel.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2023

Advanced Moderator Material Handbook (FY23 Version)

High hydrogen density moderators such as metal hydrides are an important research topic within the DOE NE Microreactor Program due to their ability to retain hydrogen to much higher temperatures than other hydrogenous media. This class of moderators, which includes yttrium dihydride (YH 2 ), thermalizes neutrons in the system such that the overall fuel mass or the required uranium enrichment in the system can be significantly reduced. Knowledge of material properties, both in the as-fabricated and irradiated state, are important to understanding moderator performance during steady-state and transient reactor operation.

08 HYDROGEN↗
DOE OSTI2024

Microwave Radiometer — 3-Channel (MWR3C) Instrument Handbook

The microwave radiometer – 3-channel (MWR3C, RPG-LWP-U90) deployed by the U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility provides time-series measurements of brightness temperatures from three channels centered at 23.834, 30, and 89 GHz. These three channels are sensitive to the presence of liquid water and precipitable water vapor.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗