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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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NASA NTRS1992

Extreme weather events

Models that try to forecast the detailed geographical distribution of oceanic and atmospheric variables affected by the ENSO cycle are briefly discussed. Combinations of singular-spectrum analysis and the maximum entropy method that hold promise for predicting the ENSO cycle 2-3 yrs in advance are addressed.

Keppenne, Christian L.↗
NASA NTRS2011

Climate Change, Extreme Weather Events, and Fungal Disease Emergence and Spread

Empirical evidence from multiple sources show the Earth has been warming since the late 19th century. More recently, evidence for this warming trend is strongly supported by satellite data since the late 1970s from the cryosphere, atmosphere, oceans, and land that confirms increasing temperature trends and their consequences (e.g., reduced Arctic sea ice, rising sea level, ice sheet mass loss, etc.). At the same time, satellite observations of the Sun show remarkably stable solar cycles since the late 1970s, when direct observations of the Sun's total solar irradiance began. Numerical simulation models, driven in part by assimilated satellite data, suggest that future-warming trends will lead to not only a warmer planet, but also a wetter and drier climate depending upon location in a fashion consistent with large-scale atmospheric processes. Continued global warming poses new opportunities for the emergence and spread of fungal disease, as climate systems change at regional and global scales, and as animal and plant species move into new niches. Our contribution to this proceedings is organized thus: First, we review empirical evidence for a warming Earth. Second, we show the Sun is not responsible for the observed warming. Third, we review numerical simulation modeling results that project these trends into the future, describing the projected abiotic environment of our planet in the next 40 to 50 years. Fourth, we illustrate how Rift Valley fever outbreaks have been linked to climate, enabling a better understanding of the dynamics of these diseases, and how this has led to the development of an operational predictive outbreak model for this disease in Africa. Fifth, We project how this experience may be applicable to predicting outbreaks of fungal pathogens in a warming world. Lastly, we describe an example of changing species ranges due to climate change, resulting from recent warming in the Andes and associated glacier melt that has enabled amphibians to colonize higher elevation lakes, only to be followed shortly by the emergence of fungal disease in the new habitats.

Tucker, Compton J.↗
NASA NTRS2018

Restructuring Big Data to Improve Data Access and Performance in Analytic Services Making Research More Efficient for the Study of Extreme Weather Events and Application User Communities

By developing and enhancing various services and tools, the GES DISC provides users with the capability to access and visualize data, and to make comparisons of data from multiple sensor and models via a number of cross-discipline projects. Discovering Data via Faceted Web Interface Web interface to data products and services Search and Download mechanisms Dataset Landing Pages Accessing Data through Interoperable Services: GDS – GrADS Data Server OPeNDAP - Open-source Project for a Network Data Access Protocol WMS – OGC service GIS connector – allowing IS tools to access data easier (coming soon) HTTPS -- direct online access Downloading Data Basics: Subset and egridding Service – Parameter, Spatial, Time, Vertical, Mean averaging, format conversion, and regridding for L3/L4 gridded data Swath Data Subsetter – Parameter, spatial subset of L2 /L1 data. Visualizing Data Online: Giovanni –Visualization and Analysis L3/L4 gridded data AIRS NRT Viewer – AIRS near-real-time DQVis – L2 data quality visualization

data cube↗