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This dataset contains measurements from eight different Vaisala Triton Wind Profiler instruments. The Triton Wind Profiler is a sodar wind profiler that measures wind speed, direction, and turbulence intensity at heights from 30 m to 200 m above ground every 10 minutes. The eight Tritons are located at various sites around the WFIP2 study area.
This dataset contains measurements from eight different Vaisala Triton Wind Profiler instruments. The Triton Wind Profiler is a sodar wind profiler that measures wind speed, direction, and turbulence intensity at heights from 30 m to 200 m above ground every 10 minutes. The eight Tritons are located at various sites around the WFIP2 study area.
This dataset contains measurements from eight different Vaisala Triton Wind Profiler instruments. The Triton Wind Profiler is a sodar wind profiler that measures wind speed, direction, and turbulence intensity at heights from 30 m to 200 m above ground every 10 minutes. The eight Tritons are located at various sites around the WFIP2 study area.
This dataset contains measurements from eight different Vaisala Triton Wind Profiler instruments. The Triton Wind Profiler is a sodar wind profiler that measures wind speed, direction, and turbulence intensity at heights from 30 m to 200 m above ground every 10 minutes. The eight Tritons are located at various sites around the WFIP2 study area.
This dataset contains measurements from eight different Vaisala Triton Wind Profiler instruments. The Triton Wind Profiler is a sodar wind profiler that measures wind speed, direction, and turbulence intensity at heights from 30 m to 200 m above ground every 10 minutes. The eight Tritons are located at various sites around the WFIP2 study area.
This dataset contains measurements from eight different Vaisala Triton Wind Profiler instruments. The Triton Wind Profiler is a sodar wind profiler that measures wind speed, direction, and turbulence intensity at heights from 30 m to 200 m above ground every 10 minutes. The eight Tritons are located at various sites around the WFIP2 study area.
This dataset contains measurements from eight different Vaisala Triton Wind Profiler instruments. The Triton Wind Profiler is a sodar wind profiler that measures wind speed, direction, and turbulence intensity at heights from 30 m to 200 m above ground every 10 minutes. The eight Tritons are located at various sites around the WFIP2 study area.
This dataset contains measurements from eight different Vaisala Triton Wind Profiler instruments. The Triton Wind Profiler is a sodar wind profiler that measures wind speed, direction, and turbulence intensity at heights from 30 m to 200 m above ground every 10 minutes. The eight Tritons are located at various sites around the WFIP2 study area.
This dataset contains measurements from eight different Vaisala Triton Wind Profiler instruments. The Triton Wind Profiler is a sodar wind profiler that measures wind speed, direction, and turbulence intensity at heights from 30 m to 200 m above ground every 10 minutes. The eight Tritons are located at various sites around the WFIP2 study area.
This dataset contains measurements from eight different Vaisala Triton Wind Profiler instruments. The Triton Wind Profiler is a sodar wind profiler that measures wind speed, direction, and turbulence intensity at heights from 30 m to 200 m above ground every 10 minutes. The eight Tritons are located at various sites around the WFIP2 study area.
This dataset contains measurements from eight different Vaisala Triton Wind Profiler instruments. The Triton Wind Profiler is a sodar wind profiler that measures wind speed, direction, and turbulence intensity at heights from 30 m to 200 m above ground every 10 minutes. The eight Tritons are located at various sites around the WFIP2 study area.
This dataset contains measurements from eight different Vaisala Triton Wind Profiler instruments. The Triton Wind Profiler is a sodar wind profiler that measures wind speed, direction, and turbulence intensity at heights from 30 m to 200 m above ground every 10 minutes. The eight Tritons are located at various sites around the WFIP2 study area.
Global measurement of tropospheric winds is a key measurement for understanding atmospheric dynamics and improving numerical weather prediction. Global wind profiles remain a high priority for the operational weather community and also for a variety of research applications including studies of the global hydrologic cycle and transport studies of aerosols and trace species. In addition to space based winds, high altitude airborne Doppler lidar systems flown on research aircraft, UAV's or other advanced sub-orbital platforms would be of great scientific benefit for studying mesoscale dynamics and storm systems such as hurricanes. The Tropospheric Wind Lidar Technology Experiment (TWiLiTE) is a three year program to advance the technology readiness level of the key technologies and subsystems of a molecular direct detection wind lidar system by validating them, at the system level, in an integrated airborne lidar system. The TWiLiTE Doppler lidar system is designed for autonomous operation on the WB57, a high altitude aircraft operated by NASA Johnson. The WE357 is capable of flying well above the midlatitude tropopause so the downward looking lidar will measure complete profiles of the horizontal wind field through the lower stratosphere and the entire troposphere. The completed system will have the capability to profile winds in clear air from the aircraft altitude of 18 km to the surface with 250 m vertical resolution and < 3 mis velocity accuracy. Progress in technology development and status of the instrument design will be presented.
Ideally, a statistically representative sample of measured high-resolution wind profiles with wavelengths as small as tens of meters is required for assessment of launch vehicle ascent flight systems component capability and vehicle operability for a selected launch site. At most potential launch sites a sample of high-resolution measured wind profiles may not exist. Representative samples of Rawinsonde wind profiles are more likely to be available because of the extensive network of measurement sites established for routine measurements at 12-hr intervals in support of national and international weather observing and forecasting activity. Such a sample, although large enough to statistically represent relatively large wavelength perturbations, would be inadequate for launch system design assessment applications because the Rawinsonde system can accurately measure wind perturbations with wavelengths no smaller than 2000m (1000m altitude increment). Wavelengths less than 2000m in the raw Rawinsonde data, which tend to be dominated by un-damped spurious balloon motion and radar tracking system noise, are filtered within the data processing scheme. The Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Jimsphere wind profiles (150/month and seasonal pairs) are the only adequate high resolution (approximately 150 to 300m effective resolution, but over-sampled at 25m intervals) data that have been used extensively in launch vehicle design, operability assessments and operational protection of vehicle systems for wind perturbation uncertainty. Jimsphere wind profiles have been measured at a few other potential launch sites but the number of profiles is relatively small and the samples are not statistically representative of the site dependent wind profile variability. A simulation process has been developed for enhancement of measured low-resolution Rawinsonde profiles that are more likely to be available in the vicinity of potential launch sites and are a statistically representative sample of wind profile perturbation wavelengths greater than 2000m. The enhancement produces perturbed wind profiles with wavelengths as small as desired for application in launch vehicle ascent flight simulations and design assessments.
The feasibility is examined of a network of clear air radar wind profilers to forecast wind conditions before Space Shuttle launches during winter. Currently, winds are measured only in the vicinity of the shuttle launch site and wind loads on the launch vehicle are estimated using these measurements. Wind conditions upstream of the Cape are not monitored. Since large changes in the wind shear profile can be associated with weather systems moving over the Cape, it may be possible to improve wind forecasts over the launch site if wind measurements are made upstream. A radar wind profiling system is in use at the Space Shuttle launch site. This system can monitor the wind profile continuously. The existing profiler could be combined with a number of radars located upstream of the launch site. Thus, continuous wind measurements would be available upstream and at the Cape. NASA-Marshall representatives have set the requirements for radar wind profiling network. The minimum vertical resolution of the network must be set so that the wind shears over the depths greater than or = 1 km will be detected. The network should allow scientists and engineers to predict the wind profile over the Cape 6 hours before a Space Shuttle launch.
The response of a launch vehicle to a number of detailed wind profiles has been determined. The wind profiles were measured by two techniques which are briefly described. One of these techniques uses an angle-of-attack sensor in conjunction with guidance data to measure the wind profile traversed by some particular launch vehicle. The other wind-measuring technique is a photographic triangulation method, whereby two cameras take simultaneous pictures of a vertical trail of smoke left by a launch vehicle or sounding rocket. The response of a vehicle flying these detailed profiles is compared with the response of the same vehicle flying through balloon-measured profiles. The response to the detailed wind profiles, relative t o the balloon-measured profiles, is characterized by the large excitation of the rigid pitch and elastic bending modes. This is found to cause higher loads on the launch vehicle structure. Established design criteria which utilize balloon measured wind profiles have arbitrarily accounted-for this increased load by adding a load due to some type of discrete gust.
- The Tropospheric Doppler Radar Wind Profiler (TDRWP) is a wind measurement instrument at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center, co-located on the United States Space Force’s (USSF) Eastern Range (ER) at the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station (CCAFS), that generates atmospheric wind profiles which are utilized in the design, certification and operations of various launch vehicles - NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS) - Commercial launch vehicles - NASA Crew-4 in April 2022 was first NASA crewed mission to use TDRWP - Composed of twenty antenna sectors and transmitter unit pairs which operate at 48 MHz - TDRWP data is required for day-of-launch structural margin and performance assessments
Systems, methods, and devices of the present invention enable airborne Doppler Wind LIDAR system measurements and INS/GPS measurements to be combined to estimate wind parameters and compensate for instrument misalignment. In a further embodiment, the wind speed and wind direction may be computed based on two orthogonal line-of-sight LIDAR returns.