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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 937 records · Page 52
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2017

Land and Water Use Characteristics and Human Health Input Parameters for use in Environmental Dosimetry and Risk Assessments at the Savannah River Site 2017 Update

Operations at the Savannah River Site (SRS) result in releases of relatively small amounts of radioactive materials to the atmosphere and to the Savannah River. For regulatory compliance purposes, potential offsite radiological doses are estimated annually using computer models that follow U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) regulatory guides. Within the regulatory guides, default values are provided for many of the dose model parameters, but the use of site-specific values is encouraged. Detailed surveys of land-use and water-use parameters were conducted in 1991, 2008, 2010, and 2016 and are being concurred with or updated in this report. These parameters include local characteristics of meat, milk, and vegetable production; river recreational activities; and meat, milk, and vegetable consumption rates, as well as other human usage parameters required in the SRS dosimetry models. In addition, the preferred elemental bioaccumulation factors and transfer factors (to be used in human health exposure calculations at SRS) are documented. The intent of this report is to establish a standardized source for these parameters that is up to date with existing data, and that is maintained via review of future-issued national references (to evaluate the need for changes as new information is released). These reviews will continue to be added to this document by revision.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2017

Zr Extrusion – Direct Input for Models & Validation

As we examine differences in the high strain rate, high strain tensile response of high purity, highly textured Zr as a function of loading direction, temperature and extrusion velocity with primarily post mortem characterization techniques, we have also developed a technique for characterizing the in-situ extrusion process. This particular measurement is useful for partitioning energy of the system during the extrusion process: friction, kinetic energy, and temperature

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2017

A High Power CW Input Coupler with Reduced Static and Dynamic Losses

Each niobium cavity employed in superconducting accelerators requires a power coupler that supplies it with up to hundreds of kW’s of CW RF power, which is delivered to the 2K or 4K cold cavity from a Room Temperature (RT) source. Coupler design is a challenging task. It should transmit the minimum possible thermal power flow to the cavity, because a single watt at 2K requires 1 kW of cryogenic system power to remove it. Since the coupler connects the cold cavity to a Room Temperature (RT) power source, it transmits a static thermal load due to its thermal conductivity. Also, the coupler experiences heating by RF fields. This dissipated power partially penetrates to the 2K zone, and is called a dynamic load. From one point of view, the coupler should have low thermal conductivity, in order to decrease the static load. Stainless steel (SS) is usually used for that reason, but it also has low electrical conductivity, which introduces a high dynamic load. Copper plating on the SS is required to improve the electrical conductivity, but it is not reliable and often flakes. One copper flake might cause an electrical discharge and contaminate the surface of the niobium cavity, thus spoiling its Q-factor. In that case, decommissioning of the entire cryomodule is required to restore the cavity Q-factor, which means it is a tremendously expensive procedure. That is why an improved reliability coupler is of very high interest. As a result, the main idea of the proposed project is to completely eliminate the unreliable copper plating by employing solid copper shields to screen the SS pipe from RF fields.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2018

LLE-Annual report input

In FY18, an LLNL/GA/Michigan University team carried out the project “Exploring pair plasmas and their applications” with 2 LBS shot days on OMEGA EP. The campaign used an EP short pulse beam to produce jets of electron-positron antimatter pairs while the 2nd short pulse beam was used to producing protons to diagnose the laser-target interactions. The experiments focused on 1) inhensing the pair yield using nano-structure targets and 2) collimating/focusing positron jets through curved sheath potential from shaped target surface. The experiments successfully demonstrated both the yield enhensement and the positron focusing. The data provided basis futrue experiments on labortary astrophysics using the pair jet – plasma interaction to drive beam instabilities. A total of 14 shots were performed in the fiscal year. The EP short pulse beams (~1 kJ in 10 ps) irradiated targets of 1 mm thick Au targets, with and without the nano-structure on the laser interaction surface. It was found that for the same laser energy, positron yields and acceleration both were increased dramatically by using nano-structure. This finding is important to the future experiments and applications using laser pair jets. Previous experiments used gold targets almost exclusively. It was also found that a hemispherical shaped backsurface can focuing the positron jets through the sheath field – like that observed in proton focusing. This observation is important as it demonstrated that higher pair density can be achieved by reducing their volume, which may enable the development of instablities predicted by theory. The prior experiments showed that quasi-monoenergetic relativistic positron jets are formed during high-intensity irradiation of thick gold targets, and that these jets can be strongly collimated using the magnetized-inertial fusion electrical delivery system (MIFEDS). The external field produces a 40-fold increase in the peak positron and electron signal [4]. The positron yield was found to scale as the square of the laser energy. The FY15 results revealed another dimension of scaling on the target materials. The favorable scaling would enable the laboratory study of relativistic pair plasmas that are important to understanding some of the most exotic and energetic systems in the universe.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2019

Evaluation of Runtime Performance for xRage Equations of State Input Settings and Cropped EOS Tables

Using the xRage hydro code with its intrinsic equations of state (EOS) settings does not produce the most accurate representation of the problem due to xRage's internal alterations to the fundamental EOS data. Utilizing EOSPAC with default settings in the hydro code uses the unaltered EOS SESAME data to produce what is considered the most accurate results. However, this setup for the simulation is very computationally inefficient due to xRage's reliance on pressure and temperature as its look-up variables in combination with EOSPAC's use of a rational function interpolator. This report explores the results and performance of running a simulation with the option, within EOSPAC, to invert the table at setup, using a linear or rational interpolator, and using an EOS table cut down to only the region actually sampled in the problem. Air and Deuterium are used as the test materials for the simulations. While using EOS data directly with EOSPAC, the rational interpolator takes about twice as long as the linear one. Additionally, using a windowed EOS table does not show a large increase in performance. An EOS table that has had more energy grid points interpolated and added in by EOSPAC showed more accurate results, suggesting that a more dense EOS table would be more accurate.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2019

Report on plasma jet printer for sensor fabrication with process parameters optimized by simulation input

The In-Pile Instrumentation program conducts research to develop instrumentation that provides information regarding test conditions, as well as fuel and materials properties during irradiation. Such instruments must be miniaturized, robust to the nuclear reactor environment, and provide real-time data aligned with user needs. Towards this end, additive manufacturing techniques such as aerosol jet printing and Plasma Jet Printing, have demonstrated significant potential for the development of advanced in-pile instrumentation. Process control during the manufacturing process is critical in order to consistently create reliable sensors. This report details experimental and computational work aimed towards improved process control for robust sensor production using printing techniques.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Storage Futures Study: Storage Technology Modeling Input Data Report

The Storage Futures Study (SFS) is a multiyear research project to explore the role and impact of energy storage in the evolving electricity sector of the United States. The SFS is designed to examine the potential impact of energy storage technology advancement on the deployment of utility-scale storage and the adoption of distributed storage, and the implications for future power system infrastructure investment and operations. This specific report synthesizes current and projected cost performance assumptions along with location availability for storage technologies through 2050 that will be used in scenario analysis for the SFS at both the bulk power and distribution system scales. For comparison and context, this report also presents a synthesis of current cost and performance characteristics of energy storage technologies for storage durations ranging from minutes to months and including mechanical, thermal, and electrochemical storage technologies for the electricity sector. This information is intended to cover a broad range of storage technologies that are currently receiving significant attention from the investment community as well as in the media. In the report, we emphasize that energy storage technologies must be described in terms of both their power (kilowatts [kW]) capacity and energy (kilowatt-hours [kWh]) capacity to assess their costs and potential use cases.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2021

TCR Input to NUREG-1537 Process for Advanced Nuclear Technologies Derived from Additive Manufacturing

There has been a renewed interest by several advanced reactor developers to use NUREG-1537 “Guidelines for Preparing and Reviewing Applications for the Licensing of Non-Power Reactors” as a basis for their safety analysis report content and organization. Recently, SHINE Medical Technologies, LLC (SHINE), which is a non-power, Aqueous Homogenous Reactor design radioisotope production facility, received a construction permit based around their NUREG-1537 safety evaluation report (ADAMS No. ML16229A140). Advanced reactor developers are interested in using NUREG-1537 as a basis for their safety analysis report content and organization because of its successful application towards research reactors, graded approach, and simplicity in structure and requirements. However, NUREG-1537 is still largely geared toward light water reactors (LWRs) and many improvements could be made or supported through guidance documents for advanced reactors. For nuclear power to play a role in the future zero-carbon energy portfolio, a supportive regulatory structure is needed to lower regulatory uncertainty and barriers to deployment. At the time of this report, no such document or pathway exists for advanced nuclear technologies, including those derived from nontraditional technology such as advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) and, specifically, additive manufacturing. This report will explore and provide recommendations as to how advanced nuclear technologies derived from additive manufacturing technologies could employ the use of an ISG, other guidance document, or revisions to NUREG-1537 to lower the regulatory uncertainty and barriers for adoption.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2021

ADAM Program Execution Plan LANL Inputs (FY2022)

The National Security Research Center (NSRC) is Los Alamos National Laboratory’s classified library. There are two groups associated with the NSRC, both of who work for LANL’s Weapons Research Services (WRS) division (WRS-SIS and WRS-WMT). These groups are funded in part by the NNSA Archives Program. The NSRC’s collections include tens of millions of documents from the Manhattan Project era through today. It is staffed with an expert, highly trained staff of librarians, archivists, digitizers, historians, and communications specialists. The NSRC traces its lineage to the wartime Technical Library created by J. Robert Oppenheimer during in 1943. Today, it supports a broad range of researchers within the LANL Weapons Program and beyond. The NSRC also has customers across other National Nuclear Security Administration labs and sites, and partners in the Department of Defense. This report highlights LANL accomplishments through NSRC.

45 MILITARY TECHNOLOGY, WEAPONRY, AND NATIONAL DEF↗
DOE OSTI2018

Illinois Distributed Generation Rebate - Preliminary Stakeholder Input and Calculation Considerations

What is the value of distributed generation to the distribution system and how do we assign that value to a rebate? This white paper is an update to Illinois Distributed Generation Rebate Calculation Considerations (PNNL-27569) and provides a preliminary look at potential distributed generation valuation methodologies and compensation options for Illinois by taking into consideration data needs and availability, stakeholder comments, and Illinois Public Utilities Act language. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) is supporting the Illinois Commerce Commission (ICC) with initial stakeholder engagement to advance the conversation around distributed generation valuation in Illinois. PNNL’s educational support will help set the stage for a productive formal process as the ICC will be called upon, in relatively short order, to start formal distributed generation valuation proceedings in response to Illinois Public Act 99-0906, also known as the Future Energy Jobs Act (FEJA), and codified in Illinois Public Utilities Act Section 16-107.6. This white paper does not represent the ICC’s formal investigation of distributed generation rebate valuation and is not intended to characterize or prejudge any decisions on behalf of the ICC.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2022

WVU/NETL Econometric Input-Output (ECIO) Model Documentation Update

The purpose of this technical report is to update any outdated documentation related to the ECIO model based on modifications made to the model in recent years and to provide greater operational detail on key ECIO model algorithms.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2022

HL-LHC Analysis With ROOT: ROOT Project Input to the HL-LHC Computing Review (Stage 2)

ROOT is high energy physics' software for storing and mining data in a statistically sound way, to publish results with scientific graphics. It is evolving since 25 years, now providing the storage format for more than one exabyte of data; virtually all high energy physics experiments use ROOT. With another significant increase in the amount of data to be handled scheduled to arrive in 2027, ROOT is preparing for a massive upgrade of its core ingredients. As part of a review of crucial software for high energy physics, the ROOT team has documented its R&D plans for the coming years.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗