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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 937 records · Page 52
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1983

A wing concept for supersonic maneuvering

A theoretical and experimental program in which a wing concept for supersonic maneuvering was developed and then demonstrated experimentally in a series of wind tunnel tests is described. For the typical fighter wing, the problem of obtaining efficient lift at supersonic maneuvering C sub 's occurs due to development of a strong crossflow shock, and boundary layer separation. A natural means of achieving efficient supersonic maneuvering is based on controlling the non-linear inviscid crossflow on the wing in a manner analogous to the supercritical aerodynamic methods developed for transonic speeds. The application of supercritical aerodynamics to supersonic speeds is carried out using Supercritical Conical Camber (SC3). This report provides an aerodynamic analysis of the effort, with emphasis on wing design using non-linear aerodynamics. The substantial experimental data base is described in three separate wind tunnel reports, while two of the computer programs used in the work are also described in a separate report. Based on the development program it appears that a controlled supercritical crossflow can be obtained reliably on fighter-type wing planforms, with an associated drag due to lift reduction of about 20% projected using this concept.

Mason, W. H.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Control system design and analysis using the INteractive Controls Analysis (INCA) program

The INteractive Controls Analysis (INCA) program was developed at the Goddard Space Flight Center to provide a user friendly efficient environment for the design and analysis of linear control systems. Since its inception, INCA has found extensive use in the design, development, and analysis of control systems for spacecraft, instruments, robotics, and pointing systems. Moreover, the results of the analytic tools imbedded in INCA have been flight proven with at least three currently orbiting spacecraft. This paper describes the INCA program and illustrates, using a flight proven example, how the package can perform complex design analyses with relative ease.

Bauer, Frank H.↗
NASA NTRS2000

Model for radial dependence of frequency distributions for energy imparted in nanometer volumes from HZE particles

This paper develops a deterministic model of frequency distributions for energy imparted (total energy deposition) in small volumes similar to DNA molecules from high-energy ions of interest for space radiation protection and cancer therapy. Frequency distributions for energy imparted are useful for considering radiation quality and for modeling biological damage produced by ionizing radiation. For high-energy ions, secondary electron (delta-ray) tracks originating from a primary ion track make dominant contributions to energy deposition events in small volumes. Our method uses the distribution of electrons produced about an ion's path and incorporates results from Monte Carlo simulation of electron tracks to predict frequency distributions for ions, including their dependence on radial distance. The contribution from primary ion events is treated using an impact parameter formalism of spatially restricted linear energy transfer (LET) and energy-transfer straggling. We validate our model by comparing it directly to results from Monte Carlo simulations for proton and alpha-particle tracks. We show for the first time frequency distributions of energy imparted in DNA structures by several high-energy ions such as cosmic-ray iron ions. Our comparison with results from Monte Carlo simulations at low energies indicates the accuracy of the method.

Non-NASA Center↗
NASA NTRS1972

Multivariable control theory applied to hierarchial attitude control for planetary spacecraft

Multivariable control theory is applied to the design of a hierarchial attitude control system for the CARD space vehicle. The system selected uses reaction control jets (RCJ) and control moment gyros (CMG). The RCJ system uses linear signal mixing and a no-fire region similar to that used on the Skylab program; the y-axis and z-axis systems which are coupled use a sum and difference feedback scheme. The CMG system uses the optimum steering law and the same feedback signals as the RCJ system. When both systems are active the design is such that the torques from each system are never in opposition. A state-space analysis was made of the CMG system to determine the general structure of the input matrices (steering law) and feedback matrices that will decouple the axes. It is shown that the optimum steering law and proportional-plus-rate feedback are special cases. A derivation of the disturbing torques on the space vehicle due to the motion of the on-board television camera is presented. A procedure for computing an upper bound on these torques (given the system parameters) is included.

Boland, J. S., III↗
NASA NTRS1977

Foster-Miller's development of dry coal feed systems

Dry coal feeder systems developed for pressurized conversion processes were carried through a laboratory scale development program. These concepts include: (1) a centrifugal solids feeder; (2) a fluidized piston feeder; (3) a linear pocket feeder; and (4) a compacted coal plug feeder. Results of laboratory model testing of all concepts are reviewed.

Harding, J. C.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Aerodynamic Analysis of Low-Speed Wing-Flap Systems

SUBAERF program developed for aerodynamic analysis and design of lowspeed wing-flap systems. SUBAERF based on linearized theory lifting-surface solution. Low speed aerodynamic analysis method used in SUBAERF provides estimates of wing performance which include effects of attainable leading edge thrust and vortex lift.

Carlson, H. W.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Breadboard stellar tracker system test report

BASD has, in the past, developed several unique position tracking algorithms for charge transfer device (CTD) sensors. These algorithms provide an interpixel transfer function with the following characteristics: (1) high linearity; (2) simplified track logic; (3) high gain; and (4) high noise rejection. A previous test program using the GE charge injection device (CID) showed that accuracy for BASD's breadboard was limited to approximately 2% of a pixel (1 sigma) whereas analysis and simulation indicated the limit should be less than 0.5% of a pixel, assuming the limit to be detector response and dark current noise. The test program was conducted under NASA contract No. NAS8-34263. The test approach for that program did not provide sufficient data to identify the sources of error and left open the amount of contribution from parameters such as image distribution, geometric distortion and system alignment errors.

Kollodge, J. C.↗
NASA NTRS1984

LANDSAT instruments characterization

The present CALDUMP tape consists of five calibration files and one reduced calibration file. The calibration files, each with data of 200 pixels, cover an entire calibration region starting from the 6251 minor frame (mf). Program LEE.FOR was developed to edit these five files into seven .CAL files in the TAE mode. Program PCAL.FOR reads the .CAL files and plots the 1000 pixels of any scan line in linear or log scale. The typical spectra of the calibration region of forward and reverse scans are shown. The positions of the start and the end of shutter obscuration and the calibration pulse are shifted increasingly or decreasingly from Channel 1 to Channel 16, due to the timing of data acquisition. To produce TRAPP usable input files are, the following procedures need to be taken: (1) determine the start of shutter obscuration position; (2) determine the calibration pulse and background region relative to the start of shutter obscuration; and (3) determine the end of shutter obscuration position.

Lee, Y.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Analysis of nystagmus response to a pseudorandom velocity input

Space motion sickness was not reported during the first Apollo missions; however, since Apollo 8 through the current Shuttle and Skylab missions, approximately 50% of the crewmembers have experienced instances of space motion sickness. Space motion sickness, renamed space adaptation syndrome, occurs primarily during the initial period of a mission until habilation takes place. One of NASA's efforts to resolve the space adaptation syndrome is to model the individual's vestibular response for basis knowledge and as a possible predictor of an individual's susceptibility to the disorder. This report describes a method to analyse the vestibular system when subjected to a pseudorandom angular velocity input. A sum of sinusoids (pseudorandom) input lends itself to analysis by linear frequency methods. Resultant horizontal ocular movements were digitized, filtered and transformed into the frequency domain. Programs were developed and evaluated to obtain the (1) auto spectra of input stimulus and resultant ocular resonse, (2) cross spectra, (3) the estimated vestibular-ocular system transfer function gain and phase, and (4) coherence function between stimulus and response functions.

Lessard, C. S.↗
NASA NTRS1987

ICAN: Integrated Composites Analyzer

Program calculates macromechanical, micromechanical, and related environmental effects. Computer code ICAN developed to carry out comprehensive linear analyses of multilayered fiber composites. Contains essential features required to design structural components made from fiber composites. Code in FORTRAN IV.

Chamis, Christos C.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Second-overtone models of RR Lyrae stars

Linear models of RR Lyrae stars pulsating in the second overtone indicate that this mode is self-excited only for rather low luminosities if the masses are normal. An unstable second-overtone model has been selected from the linear survey and has been followed up to limiting amplitude by using a nonlinear hydrodynamical computer program. Deep splitting of the main light peak in the theoretical light curve occurs but does not resemble any observed feature. Moreover, the distribution of periods of RR Lyrae stars in globular clusters can be accounted for adequately by fundamental-mode and first-overtone pulsation. It is concluded that second-overtone pulsators probably do not exist among RR Lyrae stars.

Stothers, Richard B.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Coupled bending-torsion steady-state response of pretwisted, nonuniform rotating beams using a transfer-matrix method

Using the Newtonian method, the equations of motion are developed for the coupled bending-torsion steady-state response of beams rotating at constant angular velocity in a fixed plane. The resulting equations are valid to first order strain-displacement relationships for a long beam with all other nonlinear terms retained. In addition, the equations are valid for beams with the mass centroidal axis offset (eccentric) from the elastic axis, nonuniform mass and section properties, and variable twist. The solution of these coupled, nonlinear, nonhomogeneous, differential equations is obtained by modifying a Hunter linear second-order transfer-matrix solution procedure to solve the nonlinear differential equations and programming the solution for a desk-top personal computer. The modified transfer-matrix method was verified by comparing the solution for a rotating beam with a geometric, nonlinear, finite-element computer code solution; and for a simple rotating beam problem, the modified method demonstrated a significant advantage over the finite-element solution in accuracy, ease of solution, and actual computer processing time required to effect a solution.

Gray, Carl E., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Component technology for stirling power converters

NASA Lewis Research Center has organized a component technology program as part of the efforts to develop Stirling converter technology for space power applications. The Stirling Space Power Program is part of the NASA High Capacity Power Project of the Civil Space Technology Initiative (CSTI). NASA Lewis is also providing technical management for the DOE/Sandia program to develop Stirling converters for solar terrestrial power producing electricity for the utility grid. The primary contractors for the space power and solar terrestrial programs develop component technologies directly related to their goals. This Lewis component technology effort, while coordinated with the main programs, aims at longer term issues, advanced technologies, and independent assessments. An overview of work on linear alternators, engine/alternator/load interactions and controls, heat exchangers, materials, life and reliability, and bearings is presented.

Thieme, Lanny G.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Computer-aided design of flight control systems

A computer program is presented for facilitating the development and assessment of flight control systems, and application to a control design is discussed. The program is a computer-aided control-system design program based on direct digital synthesis of a proportional-integral-filter controller with scheduled linear-quadratic-Gaussian gains and command generator tracking of pilot inputs. The FlightCAD system concentrates on aircraft dynamics, flight-control systems, stability and performance, and has practical engineering applications.

Stengel, Robert F.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Vibration suppression using a proofmass actuator operating in stroke/force saturation

The design of the control-loop structure for a feedback control system which contains a proofmass actuator for suppressing vibration is discussed. The loop structure is composed of inner control loops, which determine the frequency of the actuator and which are directly related to the actuator and the outer loops which add damping to the structure. When the frequency response of the actuator is matched to the stroke/force saturation curve, the actuator is most effective in the vibration suppression loops, and, since the stroke/force saturation curve is characterized by the stroke length, the mass of the proofmass, and the maximum current delivered by the motor electronics, the size of the actuator can be easily determined. The results of the loop-structure model calculations are verified by examining linear DC motors as proofmass actuators for the Mast in NASA's Control of Flexible Structures program.

Lindner, D. K.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Component technology for Stirling power converters

NASA Lewis Research Center has organized a component technology program as part of the efforts to develop Stirling converter technology for space power applications. The Stirling Space Power Program is part of the NASA High Capacity Power Project of the Civil Space Technology Initiative (CSTI). NASA Lewis is also providing technical management for the DOE/Sandia program to develop Stirling converters for solar terrestrial power producing electricity for the utility grid. The primary contractors for the space power and solar terrestrial programs develop component technologies directly related to their goals. This Lewis component technology effort, while coordinated with the main programs, aims at longer term issues, advanced technologies, and independent assessments. An overview of work on linear alternators, engine/alternator/load interactions and controls, heat exchangers, materials, life and reliability, and bearings is presented.

Thieme, Lanny G.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Active structural control for the mini-MAST and ACES structures

Two experiments based on the maximum entropy/optimal projection design approach are discussed which were conducted by Harris Corporation as part of the NASA Controls Structures Interaction Guest Investigator program. The design equations consist of four coupled matrix equations which specialize to the standard linear-quadratic Guassian Riccati equations, when the plant is known perfectly and a full order controller is desired. These experiments demonstrate successful control system design and implementation for flexible structures.

Collins, E. G., Jr.↗