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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,027 records · Page 57
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2010

Cascade Spectroscopy and Recent {Xi}* Photo-production Results from CLAS

Doubly-strange baryon resonances provide new insights into baryon structure. The standard QCD Lagrangian implies that for every N* and {Delta}* resonance, there should be a corresponding {Xi}(cascade resonance). This is due to the flavor symmetry of the strong force. Therefore, one can investigate baryon structure by observing aspects of the doubly-strange baryons like regularities such as parity doublets. At energies above approximately 1.5 GeV, the light-quark baryon resonances are broad and overlap while the cascades in this range are narrow and therefore more readily observed. An overview of the world cascade spectrum and a comparison to the lighter baryon spectra will be presented. Recent results from an on-going analysis from the G12 (5.4 GeV) photo-production experiment using the CLAS detector at JLab will be highlighted.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Representation of radiative strength functions within a practical model of cascade gamma decay

A practical model developed at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR, Dubna) in order to describe the cascade gamma decay of neutron resonances makes it possible to determine simultaneously, from an approximation of the intensities of two-step cascades, parameters of nuclear level densities and partial widths with respect to the emission of nuclear-reaction products. The number of the phenomenological ideas used isminimized in themodel version considered in the present study. An analysis of new results confirms what was obtained earlier for the dependence of dynamics of the interaction of fermion and boson nuclear states on the nuclear shape. From the ratio of the level densities for excitations of the vibrational and quasiparticle types, it also follows that this interaction manifests itself in the region around the neutron binding energy and is probably different in nuclei that have different parities of nucleons.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗
NASA NTRS1983

Rain cell size statistics as a function of rain rate for attenuation modeling

Rain cell size statistics as a function of rain rate have been deduced by employing a radar data base of rain reflectivity data acquired over a three-year period at Wallops Island, VA. These cell statistics have important applications in slant path rain attenuation modeling and remote sensing of the earth's surface from space at frequencies above 10 GHz.

Goldhirsh, J.↗
DOE OSTI2017

Error modeling for surrogates of dynamical systems using machine learning: Machine-learning-based error model for surrogates of dynamical systems

A machine learning–based framework for modeling the error introduced by surrogate models of parameterized dynamical systems is proposed. The framework entails the use of high-dimensional regression techniques (eg, random forests, and LASSO) to map a large set of inexpensively computed “error indicators” (ie, features) produced by the surrogate model at a given time instance to a prediction of the surrogate-model error in a quantity of interest (QoI). This eliminates the need for the user to hand-select a small number of informative features. The methodology requires a training set of parameter instances at which the time-dependent surrogate-model error is computed by simulating both the high-fidelity and surrogate models. Using these training data, the method first determines regression-model locality (via classification or clustering) and subsequently constructs a “local” regression model to predict the time-instantaneous error within each identified region of feature space. We consider 2 uses for the resulting error model: (1) as a correction to the surrogate-model QoI prediction at each time instance and (2) as a way to statistically model arbitrary functions of the time-dependent surrogate-model error (eg, time-integrated errors). We then apply the proposed framework to model errors in reduced-order models of nonlinear oil-water subsurface flow simulations, with time-varying well-control (bottom-hole pressure) parameters. The reduced-order models used in this work entail application of trajectory piecewise linearization in conjunction with proper orthogonal decomposition. Moreover, when the first use of the method is considered, numerical experiments demonstrate consistent improvement in accuracy in the time-instantaneous QoI prediction relative to the original surrogate model, across a large number of test cases. When the second use is considered, results show that the proposed method provides accurate statistical predictions of the time- and well-averaged errors.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2011

{Lambda}K*{Lambda}(1116) photoproduction and nucleon resonances

In this presentation, we report our recent studies on the {Lambda}K*{Lambda}(1116) photoproduction off the proton target, using the tree-level Born approximation, via the effective Lagrangian approach. In addition, we include the nine (three- or four-star confirmed) nucleon resonances below the threshold {radical}(s{sub th}){approx_equal}2008 MeV, to interpret the discrepancy between the experiment and previous theoretical studies, in the vicinity of the threshold region. From the numerical studies, we observe that the S{sub 11}(1535) and S11(1650) play an important role for the cross-section enhancement near the {radical}(s{sub th}). It also turns out that, in order to reproduce the data, we have the vector coupling constants gK*S{sub 11}(1535){Lambda} = (7.0{approx}9.0) and gK*S{sub 11}(1650){Lambda} (5.0{approx}6.0).

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Ab initio modeling of graphene layer functionalized with boron and nitrogen

We present a computational study of the phenomenon of opening the band gap in graphene by means of functionalization with boron and nitrogen atoms. For most of the considered structures, we observe a nonzero energy gap with the width slightly dependent on the concentration of the substituent atoms. Additionally, elastic properties for graphene functionalized with B/N atoms for concentrations of 2% and 4% have been predicted. N-substitution almost does not influence the elastic moduli of graphene, while changes caused by B-substitution are more remarkable.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2016

Modelling graphene quantum dot functionalization via ethylene-dinitrobenzoyl

Ethylene-dinitrobenzoyl (EDNB) linked to graphene oxide has been shown to improve the performance of graphene/polymer organic photovoltaics. Its binding conformation on graphene, however, is not yet clear, nor have its effects on work function and optical absorption been explored more generally for graphene quantum dots. In this report, we clarify the linkage of EDNB to GQDs from first principles and show that the binding of the molecule increases the work function of graphene, while simultaneously modifying its absorption in the ultraviolet region.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2011

Low-lying even-parity meson resonances and spin-flavor symmetry

Based on a spin-flavor extension of chiral symmetry, a novel s-wave meson-meson interaction involving members of the {rho} nonet and of the {pi} octet is introduced, and its predictions are analyzed. The starting point is the SU(6) version of the SU(3)-flavor Weinberg-Tomozawa Lagrangian. SU(6) symmetry-breaking terms are then included to account for the physical meson masses and decay constants in a way that preserves (broken) chiral symmetry. Next, the T-matrix amplitudes are obtained by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation in a coupled-channel scheme, and the poles are identified with their possible Particle Data Group counterparts. It is shown that most of the low-lying even-parity Particle Data Group meson resonances, especially in the J{sup P}=0{sup +} and 1{sup +} sectors, can be classified according to multiplets of SU(6). The f{sub 0}(1500), f{sub 1}(1420), and some 0{sup +}(2{sup ++}) resonances cannot be accommodated within this scheme, and thus they would be clear candidates to be glueballs or hybrids. Finally, we predict the existence of five exotic resonances (I{>=}3/2 and/or |Y|=2) with masses in the range of 1.4-1.6 GeV, which would complete the 27{sub 1}, 10{sub 3}, and 10{sub 3}* multiplets of SU(3) x SU(2).

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Topological interactions of non-Abelian vortices with quasiparticles in high density QCD

Non-Abelian vortices are topologically stable objects in the color-flavor locked phase of dense QCD. We derive a dual Lagrangian starting with the Ginzburg-Landau effective Lagrangian for the color-flavor locked phase, and obtain topological interactions of non-Abelian vortices with quasiparticles such as U(1){sub B} Nambu-Goldstone bosons (phonons) and massive gluons. We find that the phonons couple to the translational zero modes of the vortices while the gluons couple to their orientational zero modes in the internal space.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗