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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,045 records · Page 58
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2014

SU-E-T-35: An Investigation of the Accuracy of Cervical IMRT Dose Distribution Using 2D/3D Ionization Chamber Arrays System and Monte Carlo Simulation

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to compare the verification results of three solutions (2D/3D ionization chamber arrays measurement and Monte Carlo simulation), the results will help make a clinical decision as how to do our cervical IMRT verification. Methods: Seven cervical cases were planned with Pinnacle 8.0m to meet the clinical acceptance criteria. The plans were recalculated in the Matrixx and Delta4 phantom with the accurate plans parameters. The plans were also recalculated by Monte Carlo using leaf sequences and MUs for individual plans of every patient, Matrixx and Delta4 phantom. All plans of Matrixx and Delta4 phantom were delivered and measured. The dose distribution of iso slice, dose profiles, gamma maps of every beam were used to evaluate the agreement. Dose-volume histograms were also compared. Results: The dose distribution of iso slice and dose profiles from Pinnacle calculation were in agreement with the Monte Carlo simulation, Matrixx and Delta4 measurement. A 95.2%/91.3% gamma pass ratio was obtained between the Matrixx/Delta4 measurement and Pinnacle distributions within 3mm/3% gamma criteria. A 96.4%/95.6% gamma pass ratio was obtained between the Matrixx/Delta4 measurement and Monte Carlo simulation within 2mm/2% gamma criteria, almost 100% gamma pass ratio within 3mm/3% gamma criteria. The DVH plot have slightly differences between Pinnacle and Delta4 measurement as well as Pinnacle and Monte Carlo simulation, but have excellent agreement between Delta4 measurement and Monte Carlo simulation. Conclusion: It was shown that Matrixx/Delta4 and Monte Carlo simulation can be used very efficiently to verify cervical IMRT delivery. In terms of Gamma value the pass ratio of Matrixx was little higher, however, Delta4 showed more problem fields. The primary advantage of Delta4 is the fact it can measure true 3D dosimetry while Monte Carlo can simulate in patients CT images but not in phantom.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2014

Design and Simulation of a Matching System into the Helical Cooling Channel

Muon colliders could provide the most sensitive measurement of the Higgs mass and return the US back to the Energy Frontier. Central to the capabilities of muon colliders are the cooling channels that provide the extraordinary reduction in emittance required for the precise Higgs mass measurement and increased luminosity for enhanced discovery potential of an Energy Frontier Machine. The Helical Cooling Channel (HCC) is able to achieve such emittance reduction and matching sections within the HCC have been successfully designed in the past with lossless transmission and no emittance growth. However, matching into the HCC from a straight solenoid poses a challenge, since a large emittance beam must cross transition. We elucidate on the challenge and present evaluations of two solutions, along with concepts to integrate the operations of a Charge Separator and match into the HCC.

Yoshikawa, C.↗
DOE OSTI2021

Characterization and Simulation of Optical Delay System for the Proof-of-Principle Experiment of Optical Stochastic Cooling at IOTA

The Optical Stochastic Cooling (OSC) experiment at Fermilab’s IOTA storage ring uses two undulators to cool the beam over many turns. The radiation emitted by electrons in the first undulator is delayed and imaged in the second undulator where it applies a corrective energy kick on the electrons. Imperfections in the manufacturing of the delay plates can lead to a source of error. This paper presents the experimental characterization of the absolute thickness of these delay plates using an interferometric technique. The measured "thickness maps" are implemented in the Synchrotron Radiation Workshop (SRW) program to assess their impact on the delayed radiation pulse.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Mathematical and Computational Tools for Predictive Simulation of Complex Coupled Systems under Uncertainty

Methods and algorithms are developed to enable the accurate analysis of problems that exhibit interacting physical processes with uncertainties. These uncertainties can pertain either to each of the physical processes or to the manner in which they depend on each others. These problems are cast within a polynomial chaos framework and their solution then involves either solving a large system of algebraic equations or a high dimensional numerical quadrature. In both cases, the curse of dimensionality is manifested. Procedures are developed for the efficient evaluation of the resulting linear equations that advantage of the block sparse structure of these equations, resulting in a block recursive Schur complement construction. In addition, embedded quadratures are constructed that permit the evaluation of very high-dimensional integrals using low-dimensional quadratures adapted to particular quantities of interest. The low-dimensional integration is carried out in a transformed measure space in which the quantity of interest is low-dimensional. Finally, a procedure is also developed to discover a low-dimensional manifold, embedded in the initial high-dimensional one, in which scalar quantities of interest exist. This approach permits the functional expression of the reduced space in terms of the original space, thus permitting cross-scale sensitivity analysis.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2014

Accelerated Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Reactive Hydrocarbon Systems

The research activities in this project consisted of four different sub-projects. Three different accelerated dynamics techniques (parallel replica dynamics, hyperdynamics, and temperature-accelerated dynamics) were applied to the modeling of pyrolysis of hydrocarbons. In addition, parallel replica dynamics was applied to modeling of polymerization.

02 PETROLEUM↗
DOE OSTI2023

Digitalization Guiding Principles and Method for Nuclear Industry Work Processes

The commercial U.S. light-water reactor fleet has been operating at historical efficiency, reliability, and safety over the last decade. Nuclear power has the highest capacity factor of any other power generation technology while also serving as the largest baseload source for carbon-free energy. Despite this remarkable achievement, continued operations for many plants are threatened due to fierce electricity market competition and rising operations and maintenance costs of which continued maintenance of obsolete analog equipment is a contributor. The digital age and associated technologies are where the future lies in process control, and nuclear has yet to take full advantage of the capabilities offered therein. The Light Water Reactor Sustainability Program (LWRS) at Idaho National Laboratory (INL), sponsored by the Department of Energy, has a mission to help the light-water reactor fleet manage its foundational capabilities to continue providing safe and reliable carbon-free power. LWRS helps support that mission by providing scientific, technology-based solutions for advanced concepts of operations with a more viable business model that will allow the fleet to continue to operate at peak levels through extended plant operation. The LWRS Digitalization Project at INL seeks to leverage digital technologies to synthesize and transform work processes. We provide a state-of-the-art analysis of digitalized work processes in nuclear power and investigate ways in which researchers at INL and the nuclear industry can work together to identify what data to access, how to access it, what to do with the data, and most importantly, how to use the insights for decision-making across all levels within the business. Borne from these considerations, we present four guiding principles for digitalization: develop a coherent digitalization plan, apply human factors engineering, establish data governance, and anticipate unintended consequences. Together, these principles form a method that plants can use to effectively to digitalize nuclear industry work processes. Our guiding principles are informed by multiple knowledge sources. First, we document activities from the Work Digitalization Initiative, which was conceived as a means for nuclear organizations to help define and standardize the industry’s approach to digitalizing work. Second, we detail primary research conducted with industry professionals regarding drivers and barriers to digitalization adoption. We present survey results that demonstrate what the industry hopes to get out of digitalization and the ways that INL can continue to support the industry’s digital transformation. Third, we present a digitalization use case with industry partners NextAxiom Technology and Xcel Energy. The project objective was to transform the current condition report work process from paper to digital, incorporating digitalized principles. We report the development of the application and lessons learned. The accomplishments achieved by this research and development serve to identify critical needs for plant guidance in support of digitalization implementation and contribute to the knowledge and strategies available for utilities considering or undertaking digitalization.

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2014

Design and Simulation of a Matching System into the Helical Cooling Channel

Muon colliders could provide the most sensitive measurement of the Higgs mass and return the US back to the Energy Frontier. Central to the capabilities of muon colliders are the cooling channels that provide the extraordinary reduction in emittance required for the precise Higgs mass measurement and increased luminosity for enhanced discovery potential of an Energy Frontier Machine. The Helical Cooling Channel (HCC) is able to achieve such emittance reduction and matching sections within the HCC have been successfully designed in the past with lossless transmission and no emittance growth. However, matching into the HCC from a straight solenoid poses a challenge, since a large emittance beam must cross transition. We elucidate on the challenge and present evaluations of two solutions, along with concepts to integrate the operations of a Charge Separator and match into the HCC.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗