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At least 1,045 records · Page 58
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2016

TH-AB-201-04: Clinical Protocol for Reuse of Optically Stimulated Luminescence Detectors

Purpose: OSLDs made of Al2O3:C have many useful dosimetric characteristics including their ability to be reused. The signal on an OSLD can be removed through heat or light. The objective of this study was to characterize the change in sensitivity associated with annealing OSLDs with light and in doing so define a range through which reuse is viable. Methods: Four groups of nanoDot OSLDs were repeatedly irradiated and bleached to create accumulated dose history. Each group’s repeated irradiation remained constant at either 50, 100, 200, or 500 cGy. Before both irradiation and bleaching the OSLDs were read out, giving the dose reading and ensuring that ample bleaching had occurred, respectively. New and used OSLDs were compared in several clinical situations to verify accuracy. One final test involved correcting the readout dose based on the loss of sensitivity seen in the accumulated dose data. Results: In the first 40 Gy of accumulated dose the sensitivity can be broken into two regions: a region of sensitivity change and a region of no sensitivity change. From 0 cGy to an average of 1080 cGy the sensitivity does not change. After 1080 cGy the sensitivity begins to decrease linearly with an average slope of 0.00456 cGy lost per cGy accumulated after the cutoff point. The slope and cutoff point were used to correct readings in the final test, reducing the error from 6.8% to 3.9%. Conclusion: In the region of no sensitivity change OSLDs can be reused without concern to the validity of their result. Readings must be corrected if OSLDs are to be used in the region of sensitivity change, above 1080 cGy. After 40 Gy OSLDs must be retired because the sensitivity change reverses, making linear correction no longer feasible.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2017

Solution of the Skyrme-Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov equations in the Cartesian deformed harmonic-oscillator basis. (VIII) HFODD (v2.73y): A new version of the program

Here, we describe the new version (v2.73y) of the code hfodd which solves the nuclear Skyrme Hartree–Fock or Skyrme Hartree–Fock–Bogolyubov problem by using the Cartesian deformed harmonic-oscillator basis. In the new version, we have implemented the following new features: (i) full proton–neutron mixing in the particle–hole channel for Skyrme functionals, (ii) the Gogny force in both particle–hole and particle–particle channels, (iii) linear multi-constraint method at finite temperature, (iv) fission toolkit including the constraint on the number of particles in the neck between two fragments, calculation of the interaction energy between fragments, and calculation of the nuclear and Coulomb energy of each fragment, (v) the new version 200d of the code hfbtho, together with an enhanced interface between HFBTHO and HFODD, (vi) parallel capabilities, significantly extended by adding several restart options for large-scale jobs, (vii) the Lipkin translational energy correction method with pairing, (viii) higher-order Lipkin particle-number corrections, (ix) interface to a program plotting single-particle energies or Routhians, (x) strong-force isospin-symmetry-breaking terms, and (xi) the Augmented Lagrangian Method for calculations with 3D constraints on angular momentum and isospin. Finally, an important bug related to the calculation of the entropy at finite temperature and several other little significant errors of the previous published version were corrected.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Analytical comparisons of handheld LIBS and XRF devices for rapid quantification of gallium in a plutonium surrogate matrix

This work compares a portable laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analyzer to a portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) device for quantification of gallium (Ga) in a plutonium surrogate matrix of cerium (Ce) for the first time. Calibration methods are developed with spectra of Ce–Ga samples from both devices. Here, metrics such as limit of detection (LoD) and mean average percent error (MAPE) are examined to evaluate calibration performance. While the portable LIBS device can yield a nearly instantaneous analytical measurement, its accuracy is hampered by self-absorption. By employing a self-absorption correction and increasing gating delay, LIBS calibrations with errors in the low single percents and LoDs of 0.1% Ga were constructed. The XRF device produces calibrations with superlative sensitivity, yielding LoDs for gallium in the low tens of parts-per-million (ppm), two orders of magnitude lower than the corrected LIBS models. However, a clear trade-off of measurement fidelity is established between the instantaneous analysis of the LIBS device and the minutes-long XRF measurement yielding superior detection limits.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2015

Effect of initial phase on error in electron energy obtained using paraxial approximation for a focused laser pulse in vacuum

We have investigated the effect of initial phase on error in electron energy obtained using paraxial approximation to study electron acceleration by a focused laser pulse in vacuum using a three dimensional test-particle simulation code. The error is obtained by comparing the energy of the electron for paraxial approximation and seventh-order correction description of the fields of Gaussian laser. The paraxial approximation predicts wrong laser divergence and wrong electron escape time from the pulse which leads to prediction of higher energy. The error shows strong phase dependence for the electrons lying along the axis of the laser for linearly polarized laser pulse. The relative error may be significant for some specific values of initial phase even at moderate values of laser spot sizes. The error does not show initial phase dependence for a circularly laser pulse.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2018

Corrections to the General (2,4) and (4,4) FDTD Schemes

The sampling weights associated with two general higher order FDTD schemes were derived by Smith, et al. and published in a IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation article in 2012. Inconsistencies between governing equations and their resulting solutions were discovered within the article. In an effort to track down the root cause of these inconsistencies, the full three-dimensional, higher order FDTD dispersion relation was re-derived using Mathematica TM . During this process, two errors were identi ed in the article. Both errors are highlighted in this document. The corrected sampling weights are also provided. Finally, the original stability limits provided for both schemes are corrected, and presented in a more precise form. It is recommended any future implementations of the two general higher order schemes provided in the Smith, et al. 2012 article should instead use the sampling weights and stability conditions listed in this document.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2015

SU-D-207-06: Clinical Validations of Shading Correction for Cone-Beam CT Using Planning CT as a Prior

Purpose: Current cone-beam CT (CBCT) images contain severe shading artifacts mainly due to scatter, hindering their quantitative use in current radiation therapy. We have previously proposed an effective shading correction method for CBCT using planning CT (pCT) as prior knowledge. In this work, we investigate the method robustness via statistical analyses on studies of a large patient group and compare the performance with that of a state-of-the-art method implemented on the current commercial radiation therapy machine -- the Varian Truebeam system. Methods: Since radiotherapy patients routinely undergo multiple-detector CT (MDCT) scans in the planning procedure, we use the high-quality pCT as “free” prior knowledge for CBCT image improvement. The CBCT image with no correction is first spatially registered with the pCT. Primary CBCT projections are estimated via forward projections of the registered image. The low frequency errors in the projections, which stem from mainly scatter, are estimated by filtering the difference between original line integral and the estimated scatter projections. The corrected CBCT image is then reconstructed from the scatter corrected projections. The proposed method is evaluated on 40 cancer patients. Results: On all patient images, we compare errors on CT number, spatial non-uniformity (SNU) and image contrast, using pCT as the ground truth. T-tests show that our algorithm improves over the Varian method on CBCT accuracies of CT number and SNU with 90% confident. The average CT number error is reduced from 54.8 HU on the Varian method to 40.9 HU, and the SNU error is reduced from 7.7% to 3.8%. There is no obvious improvement on image contrast. Conclusion: Large-group patient studies show that the proposed pCT-based algorithm outperforms the Varian method of the Truebeam system on CBCT shading correction, by providing CBCT images with higher CT number accuracy and greater image uniformity.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

A proposed high-intensity radiometer calibration method using concentrated solar radiation

Accurate calibration of irradiance measurement devices, or radiometers, is essential for ensuring the reliability of measurements in high heat applications such as concentrating solar power (CSP), aerospace, defense, and pulsed power systems. Despite the critical need, existing calibration standards and service providers are limited to irradiance levels below 100 kW/m 2 and specific radiation sources, which is insufficient for many applications. For instance, CSP technologies, particularly those under the Department of Energy’s Solar Energy Technologies Office (SETO) Gen 3 program, require accurate measurements of broadband irradiance at levels exceeding 2000 kW/m 2 . In even more extreme scenarios, such as re-entry vehicles, heat levels can surpass 10000 kW/m 2 . Current ISO standards, specifically ISO 14934–2 and ISO 14934–3, are constrained to lower irradiance levels and dependent on black body heat sources, limiting their applicability for high-intensity broadband irradiance measurements, particularly in concentrated solar applications. Here, to address this shortfall, the National Solar Thermal Test Facility (NSTTF) at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) proposes a calibration method and facility capable of characterizing radiometers up to 2750 kW/m 2 using concentrated solar irradiance. Calibrating with concentrated sunlight is important for solar applications as it aligns the calibration process with the solar spectrum. This alignment is crucial for minimizing systematic errors and avoiding the need for additional corrections that may arise when radiometers designed for solar applications are calibrated using black-body or electrical sources. This paper presents the present day NSTTF characterization facility and procedure, detailing the proposed calibration method and uncertainty quantification. The presented method builds upon 1980′s NSTTF methodology and involves both theoretical and empirical methods to establish a robust relationship between gauge voltage output and irradiance intensity, quantifying both measurement and fitting errors. By addressing the limitations of existing standards and extending the characterization range, this work provides an advancement in the field of high-intensity irradiance measurement and instrumentation characterization.

Gardon gauge↗
DOE OSTI2019

Correction to: The effect of beta blocker withdrawal on adenosine myocardial perfusion imaging

Regrettably the original version of the above article contained errors in Table 2 and wrong values in the text. The corrected table is presented here and the values which have been corrected now appear in bold text. Page 1223 abstract Global MBF showed an increase from 180.2 ± 59.9 to 193.6 ± 60.8 mL minute/100 g (P = .002) after beta blocker withdrawal. Page 1225 Mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure during adenosine were nearly identical (P = .77 and P = .79) with and without beta blocker. Mean heart rate and mean RPP during adenosine significantly increased after beta blocker withdrawal by 15.2% ± 17% (P = .001) and 16.2% ± 23% (P = .004), respectively. Page 1226 The data are listed in Table 2, lower third. Global MBF showed a significant increase by 7.4% ± 10% (P = .002) after beta blocker withdrawal. The individual data are depicted in Figure 1. All but three patients had a lower global MBF without beta blocker than with. The segmental MBF values (Figure 2) demonstrated a strong correlation over the entire range of perfusion values. The average effect was a slight perfusion shift of about 1015 mL minute-1/100 g in the range of 100-300 mL minute-1/100 g. The mCR under adenosine declined by 8.1% ± 11% (P = .038) and the normalized RPP by 16.2% ± 21% (P = .004) after betablocker discontinuation. Table 2 Hemodynamic response under adenosine, perfusion, and left-ventricular function.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Analytic image reconstruction from partial data for a single-scan cone-beam CT with scatter correction

Purpose: A beam-blocker composed of multiple strips is a useful gadget for scatter correction and/or for dose reduction in cone-beam CT (CBCT). However, the use of such a beam-blocker would yield cone-beam data that can be challenging for accurate image reconstruction from a single scan in the filtered-backprojection framework. The focus of the work was to develop an analytic image reconstruction method for CBCT that can be directly applied to partially blocked cone-beam data in conjunction with the scatter correction. Methods: The authors developed a rebinned backprojection-filteration (BPF) algorithm for reconstructing images from the partially blocked cone-beam data in a circular scan. The authors also proposed a beam-blocking geometry considering data redundancy such that an efficient scatter estimate can be acquired and sufficient data for BPF image reconstruction can be secured at the same time from a single scan without using any blocker motion. Additionally, scatter correction method and noise reduction scheme have been developed. The authors have performed both simulation and experimental studies to validate the rebinned BPF algorithm for image reconstruction from partially blocked cone-beam data. Quantitative evaluations of the reconstructed image quality were performed in the experimental studies. Results: The simulation study revealed that the developed reconstruction algorithm successfully reconstructs the images from the partial cone-beam data. In the experimental study, the proposed method effectively corrected for the scatter in each projection and reconstructed scatter-corrected images from a single scan. Reduction of cupping artifacts and an enhancement of the image contrast have been demonstrated. The image contrast has increased by a factor of about 2, and the image accuracy in terms of root-mean-square-error with respect to the fan-beam CT image has increased by more than 30%. Conclusions: The authors have successfully demonstrated that the proposed scanning method and image reconstruction algorithm can effectively estimate the scatter in cone-beam projections and produce tomographic images of nearly scatter-free quality. The authors believe that the proposed method would provide a fast and efficient CBCT scanning option to various applications particularly including head-and-neck scan.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Experimental comparison of pyranometer, reflectometer, and spectrophotometer methods for the measurement of roofing product albedo

Albedo (solar reflectance) can be measured outdoors with a pyranometer or indoors with a hemispherical reflectometer or a spectrophotometer. The current study evaluates these methods and their applicability to roofing materials by measuring and comparing the ASTM E1918 (pyranometer), non-ASTM E1918A (alternative pyranometer), ASTM C1549 (reflectometer), and E903 (spectrophotometer) albedos of 10 roofing products, including three single-ply membranes, one asphalt shingle, three roofing aggregates, and three high-profile tiles. It uses full-size (4 m × 4 m) assemblies in the E1918 and E1918A trials; corrects the E1918 albedos to remove shadow and background errors; and evaluates C1549 and E903 albedos with two different irradiance spectra, one global horizontal and the other beam normal. E1918A albedos matched E1918 corrected (E1918_cor) albedos to within 0.036. Furthermore, agreement between C1549 air mass 1 global horizontal (C1549_G1) albedo and E1918_cor albedo was within 0.015 for membrane and shingle coupons, and within 0.031 for aggregates, though the uncertainty in the latter agreement was up to 0.043. After minor corrections, C1549_G1 albedos of flat or slightly convex tile chips were 0.032–0.052 higher than the E1918_cor albedos of their corresponding high-profile tile assemblies because high-profile surfaces have concavities. Switching to the beam-normal albedo C1549_1.5E increased the C1549 albedos of the 10 tested products by 0.004–0.054, with the largest increases (C1549_1.5E – C1549_G1) accruing to spectrally selective cool colors. Using C1549_1.5E albedo to characterize a chip of a cool-colored tile compounded the error induced by representing a high-profile surface by a flat or slightly convex specimen.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2015

Muon Neutrino to Electron Neutrino Oscillation in NO$\nu$A

NOvA is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment optimized for electron neu- trino ( e) appearance in the NuMI beam, a muon neutrino ( $\nu$ μ ) source at Fermilab. It consists of two functionally identical, nearly fully-active liquid-scintillator tracking calorimeters. The near detector (ND) at Fermilab is used to study the neutrino beam spectrum and composition before oscillation, and measure background rate to the $\nu$ e appearance search. The far detector, 810 km away in Northern Minnesota, observes the oscillated beam and is used to extract oscillation parameters from the data. NO$\nu$ A's long baseline, combined with the ability of the NuMI beam to operate in the anti- neutrino mode, makes NO$\nu$ A sensitive to the last unmeasured parameters in neutrino oscillations- mass hierarchy, CP violation and the octant of mixing angle 23. This thesis presents the search for e appearance in the first data collected by the NO A detectors from October 2013 till May 2015. Studies of the NuMI neutrino data collected in the NO A near detector are also presented, which show large discrepancies between the ND simulation and data. Muon- removed electron (MRE) events, constructed by replacing the muon in $\nu$ μ charged cur- rent interactions by a simulated electron, are used to correct the far detector $\nu$e appearance prediction for these discrepancies. In the analysis of the first data, a total of 6 e candidate events are observed in the far detector on a background of 1, a 3.46 σ excess, which is interpreted as strong evidence for e appearance. The results are consistent with our expectation, based on constraints from other neutrino oscillation experiments. The result presented here differs from the officially published $\nu$ e appearance result from the NO A experiment where the systematic error is assumed to cover the MRE correction.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Correction to: Treatment of Fat-Containing Wastewater Using Binary Flocculant Mixtures Based on Chitosan and Quaternary Salt of Poly(2-dimethylamino)ethyl Methacrylate

The original version of this article unfortunately contained an error in the article title of Ref. [22]. The correct reference is given below: Bigogno RG, Rodríguez RJS, Abreu MF (2018) Quaternized chitosan for ecological treatment of bauxite mining effluents. J Polym Environ 26:4169.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2019

Determination of the Charge Materials Range in Multistage Charge Burden Optimization for Foundry Furnaces

Optimization of charge burden for foundry furnaces lies in determining a percentage or mass (kg, t) of the share of each charge material in the burden with the lowest unit cost. A classic task of charge burden optimization requires a definition of an objective function, which most often defines the cost of the charge burden and a system of constraints, including technological assumptions such as the balance of chemical elements for the required chemical composition of the charge or molten metal, limitations of the mass fraction of the individual elements of the charge, and others. The solution for such an optimization task is a set of starting values for the devices which weigh and proportion the charge materials for a foundry furnace. The consequences of deviations from proper values, causes by inaccurate weighing or proportioning and human error as well, can be limited by using an appropriately designed and implemented multistage optimization algorithm. This article presents a mathematical model of such an algorithm and discussion of its practical application. The algorithm as described below can be an important element of computer-aided decision to be made by employees in the process of batch compilation or automatically control devices dosing individual batch components. An IT system with an implemented algorithm may significantly increase the efficiency of charge preparation for a foundry furnace, guaranteeing its correct chemical composition despite batch materials dosing errors. It will contribute to a significant improvement of economic indicators of liquid metal production, with the effect of boosting the competitiveness of the foundry industry.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

NEONiso R Package, versions greater than 0.5.2

Carbon fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems and their response to environmental change are a major source of uncertainty in the modern carbon cycle. The National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) presents the opportunity to merge eddy covariance (EC)-derived fluxes with CO2 isotope ratio measurements to gain insights into carbon cycle processes. Collected continuously and consistently across >40 sites, NEON EC and isotope data facilitate novel integrative analyses. However, currently provisioned atmospheric isotope data are uncalibrated, greatly limiting ability to perform cross-site analyses. Here, we present two approaches to calibrating NEON CO2 isotope ratios, along with an R package to calibrate NEON data. We find that calibrating CO2 isotopologues independently yields a lower d13C bias (<0.05‰) and higher precision (<0.40‰) than directly correcting d13C with linear regression (bias: <0.11‰, precision: 0.42‰), but with slightly higher error and lower precision in calibrated CO2 mole fraction. The magnitude of the corrections to d13C and CO2 mole fractions vary substantially by site, underscoring the need for users to apply a consistent calibration framework to data in the NEON archive. Post-calibration data sets show that site mean annual d13C correlates negatively with precipitation, temperature, and aridity, but positively with elevation. Forested and agricultural ecosystems exhibit larger gradients in CO2 and d13C than other sites, particularly during the summer and at night. The overview and analysis tools developed here will facilitate cross-site analysis using NEON data, provide a model for other continental-scale observational networks, and enable new advances leveraging the isotope ratios of specific carbon fluxes.

Fiorella, Richard↗
DOE OSTI2017

Evolutions and Calibrations of Long Gamma-Ray-burst Luminosity Correlations Revisited

Luminosity correlations of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are extensively proposed as an effective complementarity to trace the Hubble diagram of the universe at high redshifts, which is of great importance to explore properties of dark energy. Recently, several empirical luminosity correlations have been statistically proposed from GRB observations. However, to treat a GRB as the distance indicator, there are two key issues: the redshift evolution of luminosity correlations and their calibrations. In this paper, we choose the Amati relation, the correlation between the peak spectra energy and the equivalent isotropic energy of GRBs (E{sub p}--E{sub iso}) as an example and find that the current GRB data set implies that there could be a evolution of the luminosity correlation with respect to the redshift. Therefore, we propose an extended Amati relation with two extra redshift-dependent terms to correct the redshift evolution of the GRB relation. Second, we carefully check the reliability of the calibration method using the low-redshift GRB data. Importantly, we find that the low-redshift calibration method does not take whole correlations between Ω{sub m} and coefficients into account. Neglecting this correlation information can break the degeneracies and obtain the biased constraint on Ω{sub m}, which is very sensitive to values of parameters for the calibration. A small shift in the parameters of the “calibrated” relation could significantly change the final constraint on Ω{sub m} in the low-redshift calibration method. Finally, we simulate several GRB samples with different statistical errors and find that, in order to correctly recover the fiducial value of Ω{sub m}, using the low-redshift calibration method, we need a large number of GRB samples with high precisions.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Understanding reliability and some limitations of the images and spectra reconstructed from a multi-monochromatic x-ray imager

Temperature and density asymmetry diagnosis is critical to advance inertial confinement fusion (ICF) science. A multi-monochromatic x-ray imager (MMI) is an attractive diagnostic for this purpose. The MMI records the spectral signature from an ICF implosion core with time resolution, 2-D space resolution, and spectral resolution. While narrow-band images and 2-D space-resolved spectra from the MMI data constrain temperature and density spatial structure of the core, the accuracy of the images and spectra depends not only on the quality of the MMI data but also on the reliability of the post-processing tools. In this paper, we synthetically quantify the accuracy of images and spectra reconstructed from MMI data. Errors in the reconstructed images are less than a few percent when the space-resolution effect is applied to the modeled images. The errors in the reconstructed 2-D space-resolved spectra are also less than a few percent except those for the peripheral regions. Spectra reconstructed for the peripheral regions have slightly but systematically lower intensities by ~6% due to the instrumental spatial-resolution effects. However, this does not alter the relative line ratios and widths and thus does not affect the temperature and density diagnostics. We also investigate the impact of the pinhole size variation on the extracted images and spectra. A 10% pinhole size variation could introduce spatial bias to the images and spectra of ~10%. A correction algorithm is developed, and it successfully reduces the errors to a few percent. Finally, it is desirable to perform similar synthetic investigations to fully understand the reliability and limitations of each MMI application.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2016

SU-F-R-28: Correction of FCh-PET Bladder Uptake Using Virtual Sinograms and Investigation of Its Impact On the Quantification of Prostate Textural Characteristics

Purpose: Textural biomarkers as a tool for quantifying intratumoral heterogeneity hold great promise for diagnosis and early assessment of treatment response in prostate cancer. However, spill-in counts from the bladder uptake are suspected to have an impact on the textural measurements of the prostate volume. This work proposes a correction method for the FCh-PET bladder uptake and investigates its impact on intraprostatic textural properties. Methods: Two patients with PC received pre-treatment dynamic FCh-PET scans reconstructed at four time points (interval: 2 min), for which prostate and bladder contours were obtained. Projection bins affected by bladder uptake were determined by forward-projection. For each time point and axial position, virtual sinograms were obtained and affected bins replaced by a weighted combination of original values and values interpolated using cubic spline from non-affected bins of the current and adjacent projection angles. The process was optimized using a genetic algorithm in terms of minimization of the root-mean-square error (RMSE) within the bladder between the corrected dynamic time point volume and a reference initial uptake volume. Finally, the impact of the bladder uptake correction on the prostate region was investigated using two standard SUV metrics (1) and three texture metrics (2): 1) SUVmax, SUVmean; 2) Contrast, Homogeneity, Coarseness. Results: Without bladder uptake correction, SUVmax and SUVmean were on average overestimated in the prostate by 0%, 0%, 33.2%, 51.2%, and 3.6%, 6.0%, 2.9%, 3.2%, for each time point respectively. Contrast varied by −9.1%, −6.7%, +40.4%, +107.7%, and Homogeneity and Coarseness by +4.5%, +1.8%, −8.8%, −14.8% and +1.0%, +0.5%, −9.5%, +0.9%. Conclusion: We proposed a method for FCh-PET bladder uptake correction and showed an impact on the quantification of the prostate signal. This method achieved a large reduction of intra-prostatic SUVmax while minimizing the impact on SUVmean. Further investigation is necessary to interpret changes in textural features. SL acknowledges partial support by the CREATE Medical Physics Research Training Network grant of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Grant number: 432290).

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗