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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

JSONize: A Scalable Machine Learning Pipeline to Model Medical Notes as Semi-structured Documents

The Department of Veteran's Affairs (VA) archives the largest corpora of clinical notes in their corporate data warehouse (CDW) as unstructured text data. Unstructured text easily supports keyword searches and regular expressions. Often these simple searches do not adequately support the complex searches that need to be performed on notes. For example, a researcher may want all notes with a Duke Treadmill Score less than 5 or people that smoke more than 1 pack per day. Range queries like this and more can be supported by modelling text as semi-structured documents. In this paper, we implement a scalable machine learning pipeline that models plain medical text as useful semi-structured documents. We improve on existing models and achieve a F1-score of 0.912 and scale our methods to the entire VA corpus.

Rush III, Everett↗
DOE OSTI2020

Process for the separation and purification of medical isotopes

The invention provides a method for isolating medical isotopes, the method having the steps of dissolving titanium nuclear targets to create a solution; contacting the solution with a resin so as to retain the isotopes on the resin and generate an eluent containing titanium; contacting the isotope-containing resin with acid of a first concentration to remove impurities from the resin; and contacting the isotope-containing resin with an acid of a second concentration to remove isotope from the resin.

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

2020 Medical Device Sterilization Workshop: Continuing the Conversation, Summary Report

Technical advancements are making accelerator-based sources of radiation viable candidates for sterilization of medical devices. Electron beams and x-rays are becoming more cost-competitive and new facilities are being built to provide needed capacity and redundancy. As the industry becomes more receptive to these modalities, there is a need for information and data to enable prospective users to evaluate these options for their products. The workshops offered in 20191 and now in 2020 strive to foster conversation between device manufacturers, equipment and service providers on needs, capabilities, and knowledge.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2021

Motivation and Development of a Compact Superconducting Accelerator for X-ray Medical Device Sterilization

Fermilab is developing a compact superconducting (CSRF) accelerator as a source of a high-power, high-energy electron beam to produce an x-ray beam comparable to $\geq$ 2 MCi of cobalt-60. As part of this development, we are presently assembling a 20 kW, 1.6 MeV prototype that incorporates the four enabling technologies described below. These technologies support a heat budget that is within the capacity of commercially available cryocoolers and eliminate the need for liquid cryogens. The use of superconducting technologies promises efficiencies, wall-plug to beam, of 80% or greater. A summary of the design and progress to date will be given. In addition, we will present a review of developments within the medical device sterilization industry that are motivating the development of this technology.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Apparatus and method for generating medical isotopes

An apparatus for generating medical isotopes provides an annular fissile solution vessel surrounding a neutron generator. The annular fissile solution vessel provides for good capture of the emitted neutrons and a geometry that provides enhanced stability in an aqueous reactor. A neutron multiplier and/or a neutron moderator may be used to improve the efficiency and control the criticality of the reaction in the annular fissile solution vessel.

Piefer, Gregory Richard↗
DOE OSTI2024

Beam Optics Design of a Prototype 20 KW Conduction-cooled SRF Accelerator for Medical Sterilization

Superconducting technology has significantly advanced the capabilities of particle accelerators, facilitating higher beam-power operations for fundamental research at a comparatively lower cost. However, the conventional implementation of superconducting technology introduces complexities in the form of cryogenic plants, cryogenic distribution systems and substantial construction and operational cost. In response to these challenges, recent research efforts at Fermilab have been dedicated to the development of a cryogen-free, conduction-cooled Nb3Sn-based superconducting technology. This paper outlines the beam optics design of a 20-kW conduction-cooled compact superconducting accelerator for medical sterilization. The paper reviews both the physics and practical constraints associated with high beam-power operation within the context of industrial applications. The focus is on providing insights into the potential of this innovative technology to overcome existing challenges and pave the way for more accessible and efficient industrial particle accelerators.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2020

MRT (Medical Reporting Tracker)

Medical Report Tracker (MRT) was created to respond to COVID19 data, process and analytic needs of our clinic staff. The report tracker captures data around symptoms and contacts, test results, and last work date and location. The MRT is built using Nintex Online, SharePoint Online and Power BI/Excel.

Devitt, Carrie↗
DOE OSTI2021

A VR-based volumetric medical image segmentation and visualization system with natural human interaction

Volume rendering produces informative two-dimensional (2D) images from a 3-dimensional (3D) volume. It highlights the region of interest and facilitates a good comprehension of the entire data set. However, volume rendering faces a few challenges. First, a high-dimensional transfer function is usually required to differentiate the target from its neighboring objects with subtle variance. Unfortunately, designing such a transfer function is a strenuously trial-and-error process. Second, manipulating/visualizing a 3D volume with a traditional 2D input/output device suffers dimensional limitations. To address all the challenges, we design NUI-VR 2 , a natural user interface-enabled volume rendering system in the virtual reality space. NUI-VR 2 marries volume rendering and interactive image segmentation. It transforms the original volume into a probability map with image segmentation. A simple linear transfer function will highlight the target well in the probability map. More importantly, we set the entire image segmentation and volume rendering pipeline in an immersive virtual reality environment with a natural user interface. NUI-VR 2 eliminates the dimensional limitations in manipulating and perceiving 3D volumes and dramatically improves the user experience.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2022

Case Study: Healthcare Realty's Medical Office Solar PV

This case study describes how Healthcare Realty partnered with a renewable energy advisor to establish its solar program and make progress towards its energy and GHG emissions reduction goals; all of the projects in the pipeline will be financed through third-party ownership, via power purchase agreements or through a feed-in-tariff program.

solar, solar PV, photovoltaic, onsite solar, healt↗
DOE OSTI2024

The United States Department of Energy and National Institutes of Health Collaboration: Medical Care Advances by Discovery in Radiation Detection

A National Institutes of Health (NIH) and U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science virtual workshop on shared general topics was held in July of 2021 and reported on in this publication in January of 2023. Following the inaugural 2021 joint meeting representatives from the DOE Office of Science and NIH met to discuss organizing a second joint workshop that would concentrate on radiation detection to bring together teams from both agencies and their grantee populations to stimulate collaboration and efficiency. To meet this scientific mission within the NIH and DOE radiation detection space, the organizers assembled workshop sessions covering the state–of–the–art in cameras, detectors, and sensors for radiation external and internal (diagnostic and therapeutic) to human, data acquisition and electronics, image reconstruction and processing, and the application of artificial intelligence. NIH and DOE are committed to continuing the process of convening a joint workshop every 12–24 months. This Special Report recaps the findings of this second workshop. Beyond showing only the innovations and areas of success, important gaps in our knowledge were defined and presented. Finally, we summarize by defining four areas of greatest opportunity and need that emerged from the unique, dynamic dialogue the in–person workshop provided the attendees.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗
DOE OSTI2022

Commercialization of microcavity plasma devices and arrays: Systems for VUV photolithography and nanopatterning, disinfection of drinking water and air, and biofilm deactivation for medical therapeutics

Abstract A little more than two decades after the introduction of the first microcavity plasma devices, a growing body of commercial products based on the remarkable properties of these low‐temperature, atmospheric plasmas is now available. Following a brief review of early microplasma lamp development, this article describes microplasma‐based devices and systems currently being manufactured for applications in photolithography, photopatterning, and other nanofabrication processes, such as atomic layer deposition, spectroscopic identification and analysis of materials (including wide bandgap crystals), the disinfection of drinking water in off‐grid communities, deactivating COVID‐19 and other pathogens in air and on surfaces in public spaces, and vacuum ultraviolet lamps for driving atomic clocks. The microplasma‐based treatment of otitis media in the human ear will also be discussed.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2021

A benchmarking study of Geant4 for Auger electrons emitted by medical radioisotopes

Auger emitting radioisotopes are of great interest in targeted radiotherapy because, once internalised in the tumour cells, they can deliver dose locally to the radiation sensitive targets, while not affecting surrounding cells. Geant4 is a Monte Carlo code widely used to characterise the physics mechanism at the basis of targeted radiotherapy. Here, we benchmarked the modelling of the emission of Auger electrons in Geant4 deriving from the decay of 123 I, 124 I, 125 I radionuclides against existing theoretical approaches. We also compared Geant4 against reference data in the case of 131 Cs, which is of interest for brachytherapy. In the case of 125 I and 131 Cs, the simulation results are compared to experimental measurements as well. Good agreement was found between Geant4 and the reference data. As far as we know, this is the first study aimed to benchmark against experimental measurements the emission of Auger electrons in Geant4 for radiotherapy applications.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗