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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Initial PIP-II Beam Current Monitor Fault Case Analyses & Beam Position Monitor Linearity Studies in CST Studio Suite

The use of non-invasive sensors & systems to measure particle beam characteristics is a crucial part of modern accelerator control systems due to their ability to return real time beam data while minimizing negative effects on beam quality. To ensure that one can be reasonably confident these sensors will behave as desired upon be-ing implemented within the beamline, simulations pre-dicting the performance of these sensors under beamline conditions can be used as a valuable tool for checking sensor functionality without a physical test bench. This paper details the design, testing, and results of two sensor models developed using CST Studio Suite soft-ware designed to mimic two sensors to be implemented within the PIP-III beamline: an elliptical, large-aperture beam position monitor (BPM) for which vertical & hori-zontal position signal linearity was analyzed, and an AC current transformer (ACCT) beam current monitor (BCM) used to search for potential fault cases within the BCM and beam pipe flange gaps. Special focus is given to the discovery of linearity variations within the BPM and the use of frequency domain techniques in the BCM fault case analyses.

Rouzky, A. R.↗
DOE OSTI2024

Path Length Matching and Phase control for Coherently Combined Fiber Laser Arrays (1DPATH)

Coherently combined fiber lasers are literally the future of all lasers. Through coherent combining the high efficiency, ruggedness, and low cost of fiber lasers can be synthesized into any laser imaginable. Lasers of any wavelength, pulse characteristics, energy, average power, or beam output shape can be created through the coherent combination of a low cost base fiber laser. We now have the opportunity to move from traditional “Analog” lasers with their bulk optics, big optical benches, strict cleanliness requirements and high cost and fragility towards “Digital Lasers” where the output beams are shaped to provide characteristics like Orbital Angular Momentum to not only specify the traditional laser characteristics but also the output beam patterns as well. This will enable future applications such as Wakefield Accelerators, petawatt lasers, particle beam control, as well as Inertial Confinement Fusion Drivers and a host of other medical, scientific, and industrial uses.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Cluster for Research Excellence (CRE) for Accelerator Physics

The purpose of this Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) was to establish a Cluster of Research Excellence (CRE) for Accelerator Physics and broaden the accelerator physics collaboration between Northern Illinois University (NIU) and Fermilab. The CRE was based in both Fermilab’s Accelerator Division and in NIU’s Department of Physics. A research agenda and strategy for the CRE for Accelerator Physics included specific research topics, experiments, and research facility upgrades. The scope of the research program covered two thrusts with subtopics in the Accelerator Science Research Program utilizing the infrastructure of FAST, IOTA, the Fermilab Accelerator Complex, and the Illinois Accelerator Research Center (IARC). Specific areas of proposed exploration included: 1.Tests of novel “nonlinear integrable” systems including beam self-fields; 2.Experimental tests of phase-space diffusion and chaos in intense beams; 3.Investigate technically feasible approaches towards next generation intenseneutrino facilities; 4.Understanding optical control of charged particle beams; 5.Exploitation of bright electron beams from FAST for novel applications; 6. Conduct research into accelerator-based ‘precision science’, such as Muon g-2, EDM, Mu2e, etc.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Ionization profile monitors for the IOTA proton beam

Ionization profile monitors (IPMs) are widely used in accelerators for non-destructive and fast diagnostics of high energy particle beams. Two such monitors — one vertical and one horizontal — are being developed for installation in the IOTA storage ring at Fermilab. They will be used for turn-by-turn (microseconds scale) measurements of the 70 MeV/c IOTA proton beam sizes. Furthermore, in this paper we present the IPMs design (largely following the FNAL Booster IPMs which employ no external guiding magnetic fields), their mechanical, vacuum, and electric subsystems and DAQ, and discuss anticipated effects on the beams circulating in IOTA.

Beam diagnostics↗
DOE OSTI2026

Design of an optical amplifier for amplified OSC in IOTA facility at Fermilab

Optical stochastic cooling (OSC) is a cutting-edge beam cooling technology to reduce, control the 3 dimensional spread and the motion of particle beams. It has recently been successfully, experimentally, demonstrated in Fermilab's IOTA storage ring, marking a major step forward in beam cooling. OSC has the potential to significantly improve both the performance and flexibility as a beam cooling system. One promising way to boost OSC performance is by adding a high-gain optical amplifier. However, this amplifier must be carefully designed to meet the specific constraints of the OSC system. A major challenge lies in the limited optical delay, which is just 6 mm for the case of IOTA, set by the beam bypass, restricts us to use a short-length gain medium. This, along with IOTA’s high repetition rate and the relatively long duration of the optical pulses, limits the peak power available for the pump laser without damaging the crystal, which is crucial for achieving strong nonlinear gain. Additionally, it's essential to preserve the phase coherence of the undulator radiation during amplification, which further complicates the amplifier design. This report details a specialized amplifier setup that addresses these challenges, includes simulations of the integrated system, and summarizes the latest experimental progress and results.

Mondal, Abhishek [Fermilab]↗
DOE OSTI2024

The study of high-frequency pick-ups for electron beam position measurements in the AWAKE common beamline

The common beamline of the AWAKE experiment at CERN involves the co-propagation of two particle beams: protons with 48 nC bunch charge and 250 ps bunch length, and electrons with up to 600 pC bunch charge and approximately 4 ps bunch length. The existing operational beam position monitors at AWAKE cannot measure the electron bunches whilst the more-intense proton bunches are present, due to their low operating frequency. In order to try to address this challenge, two different types of high-frequency pick-ups were studied, a conical-shaped button pick-up and a Cherenkov diffraction radiation-based pick-up designed to operate at around 30 GHz. Both devices were installed at AWAKE and were connected to two identical read-out systems designed by TRIUMF. This contribution presents and discusses the results obtained from beam-based measurements during the current experimental year.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
DOE OSTI2025

MEBT Bunchers: System Design Document (SDD)

The LAMP Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) transfers bunched beam at the energy 3 MeV from RFQ to the Drift-Tube Linac (DTL) entrance. The beam particles (protons or H- ) in the LAMP MEBT have velocity β = v/c = 0.08, where v is the beam velocity, c is the speed of light. The MEBT bunchers keep beam bunches from spreading longitudinally as they propagate through the MEBT, where some unwanted bunches are removed by a chopper to create a required beam pattern. The MEBT bunchers are RF cavities operating at the frequency 201.25 MHz; possible design options were considered in.

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
NASA NTRS1980

Laser beam manifold and particle photography system for use in fluid velocity measurements

A laser beam manifold and particle photography system has been developed for use in fluid velocity measurements. The laser manifold is a device which transforms a single laser beam into several uniform parallel beams. By orienting two manifolds mutually perpendicular, an optical grid can be formed which acts as a reference for fluid velocity measurements. This optical grid is for all practical purposes totally nonperturbing to the flow. Tracer particles moving in the plane of the grid are then photographed to yield fluid velocities that can be measured relative to the optical grid. System construction and theory are presented.

Owen, R. B.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Physics-constrained superresolution diffusion for six-dimensional phase space diagnostics

Adaptive physics-constrained superresolution diffusion is developed for noninvasive virtual diagnostics of the six-dimensional (6D) phase space density of charged particle beams. An adaptive variational autoencoder embeds initial beam condition images and scalar measurements to a low-dimensional latent space from which a 32 6 pixel 6D tensor representation of the beam's 6D phase space density is generated. Projecting from a 6D tensor generates physically consistent two-dimensional projections. Physics-guided superresolution diffusion transforms low-resolution images of the 6D density to high resolution 256 × 256 pixel images. Unsupervised adaptive latent space tuning enables tracking of time-varying beams without knowledge of time-varying initial conditions. The method is demonstrated with experimental data and multiparticle simulations at the HiRES UED. The general approach is applicable to a wide range of complex dynamic systems evolving in high-dimensional phase space. The method is shown to be robust to distribution shift without retraining. Published by the American Physical Society 2025

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
NASA NTRS1990

Characterization of individual particles in gaseous media by mass spectrometry

An introduction is given to a system for particle analysis by mass spectrometry (PAMS) which employs particle-beam techniques to measure mass spectra on a continuous real-time basis. The system is applied to particles of both organic and inorganic compounds, and the measurements give the chemical characteristics of particles in mixtures and indicate source apportionment. The PAMS system can be used for process control and studying heterogeneous/catalytic reactions in particles, and can be fitted to study the real-time attributes of PAMS.

Sinha, M. P.↗
NASA NTRS2013

A Particle-in-Cell Simulation for the Traveling Wave Direct Energy Converter (TWDEC) for Fusion Propulsion

A Particle-in-cell simulation model has been developed to study the physics of the Traveling Wave Direct Energy Converter (TWDEC) applied to the conversion of charged fusion products into electricity. In this model the availability of a beam of collimated fusion products is assumed; the simulation is focused on the conversion of the beam kinetic energy into alternating current (AC) electric power. The model is electrostatic, as the electro-dynamics of the relatively slow ions can be treated in the quasistatic approximation. A two-dimensional, axisymmetric (radial-axial coordinates) geometry is considered. Ion beam particles are injected on one end and travel along the axis through ring-shaped electrodes with externally applied time-varying voltages, thus modulating the beam by forming a sinusoidal pattern in the beam density. Further downstream, the modulated beam passes through another set of ring electrodes, now electrically oating. The modulated beam induces a time alternating potential di erence between adjacent electrodes. Power can be drawn from the electrodes by connecting a resistive load. As energy is dissipated in the load, a corresponding drop in beam energy is measured. The simulation encapsulates the TWDEC process by reproducing the time-dependent transfer of energy and the particle deceleration due to the electric eld phase time variations.

Chap, Andrew↗
NASA NTRS1973

Ion optical design with applications to a solar wind mass spectrometer

The design of charged particle beam transport systems at lower energies is discussed. Topics discussed include: index of refraction, photometry, phase space, matrices, lenses and imaging, charged particle trajectories in crossed electric and magnetic fields, design parameters for the Wien filter, and electrostatic energy analyzer design, an annotated bibliography is presented.

Coplan, M.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Space Experiments with Particle Accelerators (SEPAC)

The space experiments with particle accelerators (SEPAC) instruments consist of an electron accelerator, a plasma accelerator, a neutral gas (N2) release device, particle and field diagnostic instruments, and a low light level television system. These instruments are used to accomplish multiple experiments: to study beam particle interactions and other plasma processes; as probes to investigate magnetospheric processes; and as perturbation devices to study energy coupling mechanisms in the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and upper atmosphere.

Roberts, W. T.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Space experiments with particle accelerators: SEPAC

The SEPAC instruments consist of an electron accelerator, a plasma accelerator, a neutral gas (N2) release device, particle and field diagnostic instruments, and a low light level television system. These instruments are used to accomplish multiple experiments: to study beam-particle interactions and other plasma processes; as probes to investigate magnetospheric processes; and as perturbation devices to study energy coupling mechanisms in the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and upper atmosphere.

Roberts, B.↗
NASA NTRS1990

High-Efficiency Klystron For Television Transmitters

Improved klystron designed for use as final amplifier in ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) television transmitter. New device incorporates multistage depressed collector (MSDC) of advanced design to increase efficiency by recovering, from spent electron beam, some of residual kinetic energy otherwise dissipated as heat. Concept applied to increase efficiencies of microwave communication, equipment, radar systems, and particle-beam accelerators.

Ramins, Peter↗
NASA NTRS1990

Electron-impact ionization and electron attachment cross sections of radicals important in transient gaseous discharges

Electron-impact ionization and electron attachment cross sections of radicals and excited molecules were measured using an apparatus that consists of an electron beam, a molecular beam and a laser beam. The information obtained is needed for the pulse power applications in the areas of high power gaseous discharge switches, high energy lasers, particle beam experiments, and electromagnetic pulse systems. The basic data needed for the development of optically-controlled discharge switches were also investigated. Transient current pulses induced by laser irradiation of discharge media were observed and applied for the study of electron-molecule reaction kinetics in gaseous discharges.

Lee, Long C.↗
NASA NTRS1994

Mutagenesis in human cells with accelerated H and Fe ions

The overall goals of this research were to determine the risks of mutation induction and the spectra of mutations induced by energetic protons and iron ions at two loci in human lymphoid cells. During the three year grant period the research has focused in three major areas: (1) the acquisition of sufficient statistics for human TK6 cell mutation experiments using Fe ions (400 MeV/amu), Fe ions (600 MeV/amu) and protons (250 MeV/amu); (2) collection of thymidine kinase- deficient (tk) mutants or hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase deficient (hprt) mutants induced by either Fe 400 MeV/amu, Fe 600 MeV/amu, or H 250 MeV/amu for subsequent molecular analysis; and (3) molecular characterization of mutants isolated after exposure to Fe ions (600 MeV/amu). As a result of the shutdown of the BEVALAC heavy ion accelerator in December 1992, efforts were rearranged somewhat in time to complete our dose-response studies and to complete mutant collections in particular for the Fe ion beams prior to the shutdown. These goals have been achieved. A major effort was placed on collection, re-screening, and archiving of 3 different series of mutants for the various particle beam exposures: tk-ng mutants, tk-sg mutants, and hprt-deficient mutants. Where possible, groups of mutants were isolated for several particle fluences. Comparative analysis of mutation spectra has occured with characterization of the mutation spectrum for hprt-deficient mutants obtained after exposure of TK6 cells to Fe ions (600 MeV/amu) and a series of spontaneous mutants.

Kronenberg, Amy↗
NASA NTRS1996

The fragmentation of 510 MeV/nucleon iron-56 in polyethylene. I. Fragment fluence spectra

The fragmentation of 510 MeV/nucleon iron ions in several thicknesses of polyethylene has been measured. Non-interacting primary beam particles and fragments have been identified and their LETs calculated by measuring ionization energy loss in a stack of silicon detectors. Fluences, normalized to the incident beam intensity and corrected for detector effects, are presented for each fragment charge and target. Histograms of fluence as a function of LET are also presented. Some implications of these data for measurements of the biological effects of heavy ions are discussed.

NASA Center HQS↗