Telemetry with unrestrained animals.
Telemetry with unrestrained animals, discussing radio tracking of game animals and instrumentation requirements for studying green sea turtle goal finding ability
Baldwin, H. A.↗
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Orbit and attitude state recoveries from Landmark data
The navigation of earth-referenced satellites with imaging data rather than, or in addition to, conventional radio tracking and attitude sensor telemetry is gaining increased popularity. Driving forces include a trend towards spacecraft autonomy, a need for timely and highly accurate griding information, and a growing awareness of the presence of high quality navigation information contained in such data. This paper describes the techniques used and the results obtained in an experiment to determine the orbit and attitude state of the geosynchronous SMS-1 spacecraft from Landmark observations extracted from earth images generated by the on-board Visible and Infrared Spin-Scan Radiometer (VISSR).
Fuchs, A. F.↗
Orbit and attitude state recoveries from Landmark data
The navigation of earth-referenced satellites with imaging data rather than, or in addition to, conventional radio tracking and attitude sensor telemetry is gaining increased popularity. Driving forces include a trend towards spacecraft autonomy, a need for timely and highly accurate gridding information, and a growing awareness of the presence of high quality navigation information contained in such data. This paper describes the techniques used and the results obtained in an experiment to determine the orbit and attitude state of the geosynchronous SMS-1 spacecraft from Landmark observations extracted from earth images generated by the on-board Visible and Infrared Spin-Scan Radiometer (VISSR).
Fuchs, A. F.↗
Goldstone R/D High Speed Data Acquisition System
A digital data acquisition system that meets the requirements of several users (initially the planetary radar program) is planned for general use at Deep Space Station 14 (DSS 14). The system, now partially complete, is controlled by VAX 11/780 computer that is programmed in high level languages. A DEC Data Controller is included for moderate-speed data acquisition, low speed data display, and for a digital interface to special user-provided devices. The high-speed data acquisition is performed in devices that are being designed and built at JPL. Analog IF signals are converted to a digitized 50 MHz real signal. This signal is filtered and mixed digitally to baseband after which its phase code (a PN sequence in the case of planetary radar) is removed. It may then be accumulated (or averaged) and fed into the VAX through an FPS 5210 array processor. Further data processing before entering the VAX is thus possible (computation and accumulation of the power spectra, for example). The system is to be located in the research and development pedestal at DSS 14 for easy access by researchers in radio astronomy as well as telemetry processing and antenna arraying.
Deutsch, L. J.↗
The Vega balloon experiment - Initial results from the global radio tracking
A unique global array of 20 radio telescopes provided 24-h telemetry acquisition of meteorological data from the Vega balloons and differential VLBI measurements of their trajectories. Initial Doppler-tracking analysis indicates mean zonal wind velocities of 69 + or - 1 and 66 + or - 1 m/sec at the Vega 1 and Vega 2 float heights, and discloses an anomaly in the Vega 2 trajectory above the mountains in Aphrodite Terra.
Preston, R. A.↗
Computing Modulation Losses In A Communication System
Improved method accelerates computation of means and variances of modulation losses in radio communication system where telecommand, telemetry, and turnaround ranging signals transmitted between two stations via phase modulation with residual carrier signal. Method based on uplink and downlink signals conforming to standard promulgated by Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems. Completes computations three times as fast as "brute-force" method. Modified for application to any system involving one-way and/or two-way transmission, including retransmission.
Nguyen, Tien M.↗
On-orbit deployment anamolies: What can be done?
Modern communications satellites rely heavily upon deployable appendage (i.e., solar arrays, communications antennas, etc.) to perform vital functions that enable the spacecraft to effectively conduct mission objectives. Communications and telemetry antennas provide the radio-frequency link between the spacecraft and the earth ground station, permitting data to be transmitted and received from the satellite. Solar arrays serve as the principle source of electrical energy to the satellite, and re-charge internal batteries during operation. However, since satellites cannot carry back-up systems, if a solar array fails to deploy, the mission is lost. The subject of on-orbit anomalies related to the deployment of spacecraft appendage, and possible causes of such failures are examined. Topics discussed include mechanical launch loading, on-orbit thermal and solar concerns, reliability of spacecraft pyrotechnics, and practical limitations of ground-based deployment testing. Of particular significance, the article features an in-depth look at the lessons learned from the successful recovery of the Telesat Canada Anik-E2 satellite in 1991.
Freeman, Michael↗
Medical Telemetry
Telemetry is the process whereby physiological or other data is acquired by instruments, translated into radio signals and j sent to a receiving station where the signals are decoded and recorded. Extensively used in I space operations, it is finding new Earth applications, among them transmission of medical data between emergency vehicles and hospitals. For example, transmission of an electrocardiogram from an ambulance to a hospital enables a physician to read the telemetered EKG and advise ambulance attendants on emergency procedures. Central Medical Emergency Dispatch (CMED) operates as a regional emergency medical communications center for Cleveland, Ohio and Cuyahoga County. The CMED system includes radio and telephone communications from hospital-to-hospital and from ambulance-to-hospital, but for improved emergency life support CMED sought to add a county-wide telemetry capability. The problem was that there were only eight radio frequencies available for telemetry and there were more than 30 potential users in Cleveland alone. NASA's Lewis Research Center volunteered its expert assistance. The Center's engineers studied the systems of other telemetry using cities, surveyed area hospitals to assure compatibility of telemetry equipment, and advised what types of equipment would be needed in emergency vehicles and at the various hospitals. The Lewis plan suggested that CMED be designated the central coordinating agency for the Cuyahoga County system, monitoring all telemetry frequencies and, when requested, assigning one not in use or one to be used at a sufficient distance that it would create no interference problem.
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Refraction effects on the Galileo probe telemetry carrier frequency
As the Galileo probe relay radio link (RRL) signal propagates outward through the Jovian atmosphere, the atmosphere will manifest itself in two ways. First, the geometric path length of the signal is increased, resulting in a small change of the RRL signal departure angle from the proble (transmitter). Secondly, the velocity of the signal is decreased. For a spherical, static atmosphere with a known profile of refractivity versus altitude the effects of refraction on the RRL frequency can be found using a variation of standard ray-tracing techniques, whereby the ray departure angle is found by an iterative process. From the dispersive characteristics of a mixture of hydrogen and helium with trace amounts of methane and ammonia a simple model of the Jovian atmosphere is constructed assuming spherical symmetry and uniform mixing. The contribution to the RRL Doppler frequency arising from refraction is calculated, and its effect on the Doppler wind measurements is discussed.
Atkinson, D. H.↗
Low-Cost Telemetry System for Small/Micro Satellites
A Software Defined Radio (SDR) concept uses a minimum amount of analog/radio frequency components to up/downconvert the RF signal to/from a digital format. Once in the digital domain, all other processing (filtering, modulation, demodulation, etc.) is done in software. The project will leverage existing designs and enhance capabilities in the commercial sector to provide a path to a radiation-hardened SDR transponder. The SDR transponder would incorporate baseline technologies dealing with improved Forward Error Correcting (FEC) codes to be deployed to all Near Earth Network (NEN) ground stations. By incorporating this FEC, at least a tenfold increase in data throughput can be achieved. A family of transponder products can be implemented using common platform architecture, allowing new products to be more quickly introduced into the market. Software can be reused across products, reducing software/hardware costs dramatically. New features and capabilities, such as encoding and decoding algorithms, filters, and bit synchronizers, can be added to the existing infrastructure without requiring major new capital expenditures, allowing implementation of advanced features in the communication systems. As new telecommunication technologies emerge, incorporating them into the SDR fabric will be easily accomplished with little or no requirements for new hardware. There are no preferred flight platforms for the SDR technology, so it can be used on any type of orbital or sub-orbital platform, all within a fully radiation hardened design.
Sims, William↗
EVA Radio DRATS 2011 Report
In the Fall of 2011, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Glenn Research Center (GRC) participated in the Desert Research and Technology Studies (DRATS) field experiments held near Flagstaff, Arizona. The objective of the DRATS outing is to provide analog mission testing of candidate technologies for space exploration, especially those technologies applicable to human exploration of extra- terrestrial rocky bodies. These activities are performed at locations with similarities to extra-terrestrial conditions. This report describes the Extravehicular Activity (EVA) Dual-Band Radio Communication System which was demonstrated during the 2011 outing. The EVA radio system is designed to transport both voice and telemetry data through a mobile ad hoc wireless network and employs a dual-band radio configuration. Some key characteristics of this system include: 1. Dual-band radio configuration. 2. Intelligent switching between two different capability wireless networks. 3. Self-healing network. 4. Simultaneous data and voice communication.
Swank, Aaron J.↗
Deep space propagation experiments at Ka-band
Propagation experiments as essential components of the general plan to develop an operational deep space telecommunications and navigation capability at Ka-band (32 to 35 GHz) by the end of the 20th century are discussed. Significant benefits of Ka-band over the current deep space standard X-band (8.4 GHz) are an improvement of 4 to 10 dB in telemetry capacity and a similar increase in radio navigation accuracy. Propagation experiments are planned on the Mars Observer Mission in 1992 in preparation for the Cassini Mission to Saturn in 1996, which will use Ka-band in the search for gravity waves as well as to enhance telemetry and navigation at Saturn in 2002. Subsequent uses of Ka-band are planned for the Solar Probe Mission and the Mars Program.
Butman, Stanley A.↗
Communicating with Voyager
The Deep Space Network for receiving Voyager 2 data is discussed. The functions of the earth-Voyager radio link are examined, including radiometrics, transmission of commands to the spacecraft, radio sciences, and the transmission of telemetry from the spacecraft to earth. The use of ranging, Doppler, and VLBI measurements to maintain position and velocity data on Voyager 2 is described. Emphasis is placed on the international tracking network for obtaining Voyager 2 data on Neptune and Triton.
Dumas, Larry N.↗
Solar Electricity
ARCO Solar manufactures PV Systems tailored to a broad variety of applications. PV arrays are routinely used at remote communications installations to operate large microwave repeaters, TV and radio repeaters rural telephone, and small telemetry systems that monitor environmental conditions. Also used to power agricultural water pumping systems, to provide electricity for isolated villages and medical clinics, for corrosion protection for pipelines and bridges, to power railroad signals, air/sea navigational aids, and for many types of military systems. ARCO is now moving into large scale generation for utilities.
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James Webb Space Telescope Ka-Band Trade
In August 2003 James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) had its Initial Review Confirmation Assessment Briefing with NASA HQ management. This is a major milestone as the project was approved to proceed from Phase A to B, and NASA will commit funds for the project towards meeting its science goals from the Earth-Sun s Lagrange 2 (L2) environment. At this briefing, the Project was asked, "to take another look" into using, the JPL s Deep Space Network (DSN) as the provider of ground stations and evaluate other ground station options. The current operations concept assumes S-band and X-band communications with a daily &hour contact using the DSN with the goal of transmitting over 250 Gigabit (Gb) of data to the ground. The Project has initiated a trade study to look at this activity, and we would like to share the result of the trade in the conference. Early concept trades tends to focus on the "normal" operation mode of supporting telemetry (science and engineering), command and radio metrics. Entering the design phase, we find that we have the unique ranging requirement for our L2 orbit using alternating ground stations located in different hemispheres. The trade must also address emergency operations (which are covered when using the DSN). This paper describes the issues confronting this Project and how the DSN and the JWST Project are working together to find an optimized approach for meeting these issues. We believe this trade is of major interest for future Code S and other L2 missions in that JWST will set the standard.
Gal-Edd, Jonathan↗
Relay Support for the Mars Science Laboratory and the Coming Decade of Mars Relay Network Evolution
Mars Relay Network is prepared to support MSL: a) ODY/MRO/MEX will all provide critical event comm support during EDL. b) New Electra/Electra-Lite capabilities on the MSL-MRO link will support >250 Mb/sol MSL data return. 2013 MAVEN orbiter will replenish on-orbit relay infrastructure as prior orbiters approach end-of-life. While NASA has withdrawn from the 2016 EMTGO and 2018 Joint Rover missions, analysis of the potential link shows a path to Gbit/sol relay capability 2012.
critical event telemetry↗
Solar Probe Technology Challenges
A mission close to the sun is only possible if new spacecraft technologies can be developed and incorporated into a state-of-the-art spacecraft concept. The perihelion goal of 4 solar radii requires a shielded spacecraft that can tolerate the 3000 suns solar flux while maintaining the electronics components at room temperature. In addition, the shield surface should sublimate at a rate of less than 3 mg/s at perihelion. Many shield configuration designs have been studied and the most promising is a parabolic shape that functions as both a shield and a large high gain antenna. The shield material chosen for this design is a carbon-carbon material with highly emissive surface properties. A mission requirement for a high telecommunications power stems from the expected interference when attempting to transmit data through the solar corona. It is expected that the large carbon-carbon shield/antenna will have a large power gain even at high temperatures and will return adequate telemetry at the X-band radio frequency chosen for the Solar Probe mission. Other key technology needs include a non-nuclear power subsystem that can function in the extreme environments of the mission from Earth to Jupiter and onward to a 4 solar radii perihelion.
Solar↗
Thin-Film Personal Communications and Telemetry System /TFPCTS/, phase C Quarterly report, Sep. 24 - Dec. 24, 1967
Assembly and development of radio frequency portions of transmitter and receiver in thin film personal communications and telemetry system
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