Apollo command and service module environmental control system - Mission performance and experience.
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Hughes, D. F.↗
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Apollo experience report: Command and service module communications subsystem
The development of spacecraft communications hardware from design to operation is described. Programs, requirements, specifications, and design approaches for a variety of functions (such as voice, telemetry, television, and antennas) are reviewed. Equipment environmental problems such as vibration, extreme temperature variation, and zero gravity are discussed. A review of the development of managerial techniques used in refining the roles of prime and subcontractors is included. The hardware test program is described in detail as it progressed from breadboard design to manned flight system evaluations. Finally, a series of actions is recommended to managers of similar projects to facilitate administration.
Lattier, E. E., Jr.↗
Assessment of SEPS solar array technology for orbital service module application
Work performed in the following assessment areas on the SEPS solar array is reported: (1) requirements definition, (2) electrical design evaluation, (3) mechanical design evaluation, and (4) design modification analysis. General overall assessment conclusions are summarized. There are no known serious design limitations involved in the implementation of the recommended design modifications. A section of orbiter and array engineering drawings is included.
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Orbital service module systems analysis study documentation. Volume 1: Executive summary
Potentially feasible system concepts for providing additional power, thermal control, and attitude to the baseline orbiter were investigated in order to support a greater variety of space missions and to extend the orbiter's ability to remain in orbit. Results of these analyses include an incremental growth plan that offers the flexibility of adding capability as, and when, it is needed in order to satisfy emerging user requirements.
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Power Extension Package (PEP) system definition extension, orbital service module systems analysis study. Volume 1: Executive summary
An array deployment assembly, power regulation and control assembly, the necessary interface, and display and control equipment comprise the power extension package (PEP) which is designed to provide increased power and duration, as well as reduce fuel cell cryogen consumption during Spacelab missions. Compatible with all currently defined missions and payloads, PEP imposes minimal weight and volume penalties on sortie missions, and can be installed and removed as needed at the launch site within the normal Orbiter turnaround cycle. The technology on which it is based consists of a modified solar electric propulsion array, standard design regulator and control equipment, and a minimally modified Orbiter design. The requirements from which PEP was derived, and the system and its performance capabilities are described. Features of the recommended project are presented.
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Power Extension Package (PEP) system definition extension, orbital service module systems analysis study. Volume 2: PEP
User power, duration, and orbit requirements, which were the prime factors influencing power extension package (PEP) design, are discussed. A representative configuration of the PEP concept is presented and the major elements of the system are described as well as the PEP-to-Orbiter and remote manipulator interface provisions.
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Power Extension Package (PEP) system definition extension, orbital service module systems analysis study. Volume 3: PEP analysis and tradeoffs
The objectives, conclusions, and approaches for accomplishing 19 specific design and analysis activities related to the installation of the power extension package (PEP) into the Orbiter cargo bay are described as well as those related to its deployment, extension, and retraction. The proposed cable handling system designed to transmit power from PEP to the Orbiter by way of the shuttle remote manipulator system is described and a preliminary specification for the gimbal assembly, solar array drive is included.
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Power Extension Package (PEP) system definition extension, orbital service module systems analysis study. Volume 4: PEP functional specification
The functional, performance, design, and test requirements for the Orbiter power extension package and its associated ground support equipment are defined. Both government and nongovernment standards and specifications are cited for the following subsystems: electrical power, structural/mechanical, avionics, and thermal control. Quality control assurance provisions and preparation for delivery are also discussed.
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Power Extension Package (PEP) system definition extension, orbital service module systems analysis study. Volume 5: PEP environmental specification
This specification establishes the natural and induced environments to which the power extension package may be exposed during ground operations and space operations with the shuttle system. Space induced environments are applicable at the Orbiter attach point interface location. All probable environments are systematically listed according to each ground and mission phase.
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Power Extension Package (PEP) system definition extension, orbital service module systems analysis study. Volume 6: PEP product assurance
Safety, reliability and quality assurance design analysis results are presented as well as design requirements recommended for implementation in the PEP design.
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Power Extension Package (PEP) system definition extension, orbital service module systems analysis study. Volume 9: PEP design, development and test plans
A plan for the production of two PEP flight systems is defined. The task's milestones are described. Provisions for the development and assembly of new ground support equipment required for both testing and launch operations are included.
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Power Extension Package (PEP) system definition extension, orbital service module systems analysis study. Volume 10: PEP project plan
Contents: project plan summary; project and mission objectives; related studies and technology support activities; technical summary; management; procurement approach; project definition items and schedule; resources; management review; controlled items; and safety, reliability, and quality assurance.
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Power Extension Package (PEP) system definition extension, orbital service module systems analysis study. Volume 11: PEP, cost, schedules, and work breakdown structure dictionary
Cost scheduling and funding data are presented for the reference design of the power extension package. Major schedule milestones are correlated with current Spacelab flight dates. Funding distributions provide for minimum expenditure during the first year of the project.
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Power Extension Package (PEP) system definition extension, orbital service module systems analysis study. Volume 12: PEP data item descriptions
Contractor information requirements necessary to support the power extension package project of the space shuttle program are specified for the following categories of data: project management; configuration management; systems engineering and test; manufacturing; reliability, quality assurance and safety; logistics; training; and operations.
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Sources for LANDSAT assistance and services. Module U-5
Directories of academic and commercial sources to assist the potential users of LANDSAT data and products are presented. In addition, points of contact for federal and state agencies are provided.
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Performance of the ICAO standard core service modulation and coding techniques
Aviation binary phase shift keying (A-BPSK) is described and simulated performance results are given that demonstrate robust performance in the presence of hardlimiting amplifiers. The performance of coherently-detected A-BPSK with rate 1/2 convolutional coding are given. The performance loss due to the Rician fading was shown to be less than 1 dB over the simulated range. A partially coherent detection scheme that does not require carrier phase recovery was described. This scheme exhibits similiar performance to coherent detection, at high bit error rates, while it is superior at lower bit error rates.
Lodge, John↗
ISS Service Module Pre-Launch
Various shots show Discovery at the launch pad during the final 30-minute countdown. The prelaunch conditions are described and information is given on the upcoming launch and the orbiter's docking with the International Space Station (ISS). A brief collage of rollout and launch footage of STS-92 Endeavour commemorates the 100th Space Shuttle mission and the 100th anniversary of the Philadelphia Orchestra (also seen). The music of '2001: A Space Odyssey) is played by the orchestra.
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Crew Exploration Vehicle Service Module Ascent Abort Coverage
The Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) is required to maintain continuous abort capability from lift off through destination arrival. This requirement is driven by the desire to provide the capability to safely return the crew to Earth after failure scenarios during the various phases of the mission. This paper addresses abort trajectory design considerations, concept of operations and guidance algorithm prototypes for the portion of the ascent trajectory following nominal jettison of the Launch Abort System (LAS) until safe orbit insertion. Factors such as abort system performance, crew load limits, natural environments, crew recovery, and vehicle element disposal were investigated to determine how to achieve continuous vehicle abort capability.
Tedesco, Mark B.↗