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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Ice-slurry production for solar-ice systems using supercooling with an in-stream crystallizer

Using ice slurry produced from supercooled water with an in-stream crystallizer opens a new path for solarice systems, increasing efficiency and reducing investment cost compared to ice-on-coil systems. Power needs are decoupled from the stored energy since the heat exchangers are not evenly distributed in the ice storage vessel but directly placed as the heat pump evaporator, which depends on the heat pump capacity and not on the ice storage volume. The novel ice storage design can serve as a heat source for a heat pump, where its evaporator is used to supercool water below 0 °C, or for refrigeration. The supercooled water at a temperature around −2 °C, maintained in a meta-stable liquid state, is triggered to nucleate in an in-stream crystallizer. The current design of the ice crystallizer allows for continuous operation of the system and scalability. Experimental results obtained with a gasketed plate heat exchanger used to supercool water and an in-stream crystallizer operated at a power of up to 6.5 kW are presented.

Thamm, Ann-Katrin↗
DOE OSTI2020

Brief Update on Advancements by Commercial Vendors/Options for Feeding and Pumping Biomass Slurries for Hydrothermal Liquefaction

In 2011, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), working as a partner in the National Advanced Biofuels Consortium, issued a report assessing the viable industrial feed system and pump options for a 2000 dry metric tons per day production-scale hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) plant (Berglin et al. 2012). This report was issued as PNNL-21981, Review and Assessment of Commercial Vendors/Options for Feeding and Pumping Biomass Slurries for Hydrothermal Liquefaction, and will be referred to as “Pump Survey” for reference. It had the following scope: • Identify relevant applications and industries operating at comparable scales • Interact with commercial vendors and pursue integration between vendors • Take advantage of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) technology • Supply and support vendor needs for biomass feedstock rheology characterization • Provide vendors with process requirements to support selection of conceptual design for feedstock handing and pump system • Obtain cost data to the extent possible from equipment vendors to support the technical economic analysis (TEA) • Identify issues associated scale-up. The current document represents an update to the prior report in order to: 1. Identify advancements in vendor-reported technologies 2. List reports of new experience or trials with biomass pumping applications 3. Determine if technology/application gaps identified in the prior report have been filled 4. Capture ideas on future research.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2020

White Paper to Justify the Use of Strip Effluent in the Defense Waste Processing Facility During Slurry Mix Evaporator Processing

At the request of Savannah River Remediation (SRR), a white paper was written to assess whether it would be acceptable to process Strip Effluent (SE) in both the Sludge Receipt and Adjustment Tank (SRAT) and Slurry Mix Evaporator (SME) in the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) for the nitric-glycolic acid flowsheet. Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) experimental data and DWPF Sludge Batch 9 (SB9) process data was reviewed, looking at batches which included Precipitate Reactor Feed Tank (PRFT) and/or Strip Effluent Feed Tank (SEFT) feeds that led to long processing times. These batches were reviewed looking for processing problems such as melter feed trips, foamovers, heating rod or steam coil fouling, missed Reduction/Oxidation (REDOX) targets, and other process anomalies.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2022

Analysis of Defense Waste Processing Facility Sample: Slurry Mix Evaporator Condensate Tank Sample Batch 4638

The Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) was requested by Savannah River Remediation (SRR, now Savannah River Mission Completion (SRMC)), through a Technical Task Request, to characterization the “as-received” Slurry Mix Evaporator Condensate Tank (SMECT) sample identified as sample batch 4638, which was delivered to SRNL Shielded Cells on March 19, 2021. The SMECT characterization data will be used as input to the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF) Recycle Diversion Project. This SMECT report is the second of three sample characterization reports that will be used for this DWPF Project. The other two DWPF characterization reports involve the characterization of the Recycle Collection Tank (RCT) sample and the future Off-Gas Condensate Tank (OGCT) characterization report.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2024

Enabling in-situ LIBS measurements of liquids and slurries

The aim of this work was to explore the use of, and further develop, a in-situ and near-real time LIBS (Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) instrument to measure liquids relevant to the Hanford site. Specifically, we investigated the feasibility of using LIBS to measure the cation composition of HLW (High Level Waste) streams. In addition, we focused on enabling continuous interrogation of those liquids using the LIBS system. For the first part, we investigated simple (sodium nitrate) solutions as well as various Hanford tank waste surrogate slurries. We showed that relevant cations (such as sodium, aluminum, magnesium, potassium) can be measured via LIBS under good conditions but the results – both quantitative and qualitative (aka reproducibility) – strongly depend on the kind and concentration of the material used. The dependence of signal intensity on concentration was also confirmed by other measurements conducted (sodium chloride and sodium nitrate in water). For the second part, we investigated the influence of varying depth and concentration of a liquid sample. We observed that for the concentrations and fill depths investigated, the liquid fill depth did not impact the emission intensity of the analyte, while concentration is confirmed to have significant effects. The results of the sample depth experiments influenced testing of waste surrogates. In addition, we focused on further developing and adapting data fitting tools in order to efficiently, accurately, and reproducibly identify the elements and materials present in a LIBS spectrum.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
NASA NTRS1972

Exploration of alloy surface and slurry modification to improve oxidation life of fused silicide coated niobium alloys

Edge and surface modifications of niobium alloys were investigated prior to coating with Si-20Cr-20Fe and slurry composition modification for performance in a 1370 C ambient pressure slow cycle test. The best coating obtained was Si-20Cr-20Mn with an average life of 63 cycles, compared to 40 for Si-20Cr-20Fe on FS-85 (100 percent improvement in weight parity life). Edge beading extended the lives of Si-20Cr-20Fe-coated Cb-752 and FS-85 to 57 and 41 cycles respectively (50 and 20 percent improvements in weight parity life respectively). W, Al2O3 and ZrO2(CaO) surface modifications altered coating crack frequency and microstructure and increased life somewhat.

Levine, S. R.↗
NASA NTRS1971

Practical field repair of fused slurry silicide coating for space shuttle t.p.s.

Study of short-time high-temperature diffusion treatments as part of a program of development of methods of reapplying fused slurry silicide coating in the field. The metallographic structure and oxidation behavior of R512E applied to Cb-752 coated under simulated field repair conditions was determined. Oxidation testing in reduced pressure environment has shown that performance equivalent to furnace-processed specimens can be obtained in a two-minute diffusion at 2700 F.

Reznik, B. D.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Exploration of alloy surface and slurry modification to improve oxidation life of fused silicide coated niobium alloys.

Edge and surface modification of niobium alloys prior to coating with Si-20Cr-20Fe and slurry composition modification were investigated to improve performance in a 1370 C, ambient pressure, slow-cycle test. The best coating obtained was Si-20Cr-20Mn with an average life of 63 cycles compared to 40 for Si-20Cr-20Fe on FS-85 (100 percent improvement in weight parity life). Edge beading extended the lives of Si-20Cr-20Fe coated Cb-752 and FS-85 to 57 and 41 cycles, respectively (50 and 20 percent improvements in weight parity life, respectively).

Levine, S. R.↗
NASA NTRS1972

Development of fused slurry silicide coatings for tantalum reentry heat shields

A fused slurry silicide coating was developed to provide atmospheric reentry protection for the 90Ta-lOW alloy. Overlaying the silicide with a highly refractory glass greatly improved total lifetime and reliability of the coating system. Low pressure, slow cycle lifetimes in excess of 100 cycles were consistently recorded for 1700 K - 13 and 1300 N/sq m test conditions. A minimum of 25 cycles was obtained for 1810 K - 1300 N/sq m conditions. About 50 simulated reentry cycles (variable temperature, pressure, and stress) were endured by coated 1-inch miniature heat shield panels when exposed to a maximum of 1700 K and either internal or external pressure conditions.

Warnock, R. V.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Oxidation at through-hole defects in fused slurry silicide coated columbium alloys FS-85 and Cb-752

Metal recession and interstitial contamination at 0.08-centimeter-diameter through-hole intentional defects in fused slurry silicide coated FS-85 and Cb-752 columbium alloys were studied to determine the tolerance of these materials to coating defects. Five external pressure reentry simulation exposures to 1320 C and 4.7 x 1,000 N/sq m (maximum pressure) resulted in a consumed metal zone having about twice the initial defect diameter for both alloys with an interstitial contamination zone extending about three to four initial defect diameters. Self-healing occurred in the 1.33 x 10 N/sq m, 1320 C exposures and to a lesser extent in internal pressure reentry cycles to 1320 C and 1.33 x 100 N/sq m (maximum pressure).

Levine, S. R.↗