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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2017

Comparing identified and statistically significant lipids and polar metabolites in 15-year old serum and dried blood spot samples for longitudinal studies: Comparing lipids and metabolites in serum and DBS samples

The use of dried blood spots (DBS) has many advantages over traditional plasma and serum samples such as smaller blood volume required, storage at room temperature, and ability for sampling in remote locations. However, understanding the robustness of different analytes in DBS samples is essential, especially in older samples collected for longitudinal studies. Here we analyzed DBS samples collected in 2000-2001 and stored at room temperature and compared them to matched serum samples stored at -80°C to determine if they could be effectively used as specific time points in a longitudinal study following metabolic disease. Four hundred small molecules were identified in both the serum and DBS samples using gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-MS (LC-MS) and LC-ion mobility spectrometry-MS (LC-IMS-MS). The identified polar metabolites overlapped well between the sample types, though only one statistically significant polar metabolite in a case-control study was conserved, indicating degradation occurs in the DBS samples affecting quantitation. Differences in the lipid identifications indicated that some oxidation occurs in the DBS samples. However, thirty-six statistically significant lipids correlated in both sample types indicating that lipid quantitation was more stable across the sample types.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2024

NMDC Field Notes Phone Application (NMDC Field Notes) v1.0

This software is for an application, designed for phones and/or tablets, to assist microbiome researchers collecting samples in the field to also collect metadata in a standardized and systematic way. The type of samples covered would be e.g. soil sample from a forest, sediment sample from a lake, or water sample in the ocean. The app allows users to collect sample information and metadata in an easy and intuitive way, and connects to the NMDC submission portal (https://data.microbiomedata.org/submission/home) a website from where users can review the samples they collected and add more information if necessary.

Kalita, Patrick↗
DOE OSTI2019

Using geochemical indicators to distinguish high biogeochemical activity in floodplain soils and sediments, Science of the Total Environment: Dataset

Data associated with analysis of sediment samples collected in the East River watershed and Rifle floodplain sites, CO. Samples were collected and analyzed as part of two student MS theses at Colorado School of Mines (Kenwell and Prugue) over a time period ranging from 2012 to 2015. Analyses include total organic carbon, leachable Fe and Mn, and total microbial DNA; all analyses performed at Colorado School of Mines. Methods: Samples were collected from core during a drilling campaign at the Rifle Site. Samples were collected every 1.5 m. At the East River site soil and sediment samples were collected using hand-augered bulk density sampler. Collected samples were stored at -20C until analysis. Samples were thawed in an anaerobic chamber and subsampled for extractions and DNA analysis. Samples for DNA analysis were freeze-dried, the remaining sample was oven dried and ground to 0.991 cm for TOC and leaching analysis. TOC analysis was performed on duplicate samples using a CM 5014 Coulometer (UIC, Joliet, IL, USA). Two chemical extractions were performed: hydroxylamine (HA) extraction of Fe and Mn adapted from Lovley et al., 1987 and synthetic precipitation (ppt) leaching adapted from EPA method 1312 (EPA, 1994) . For theHA extraction 3g of wet sediment was mixed with 150 mL of 0.5 N HCl in one bottle and another 3 g of sediment was mixed with 150 mL of 0.25 N hydroxylamine hydrochloride in 0.5 N HCl. Extraction were performed for 24 hours at room temperature after which samples of the liquid were removed and filtered to 0.45 micron and analyzed by ICP-AES. HA-reducible iron and manganese concentrations were determined by difference between the two extractions. For ppt leaches, a 60:40 sulfuric:nitric acid mixture was added to Milliq water to a pH of 4.2 and combined with sediment in a 20:1 mass ratio of acid to sediment. The extraction was performed for 18 hours at room temperature after which the samples of the liquid were removed and filtered to 0.45 micron and analyzed by ICP-AES. DNA was sampled from sediment using a PowerSoil DNA Isolation Kit and extractions were performed according to manufactured instuctions with one adjustment, a 1 minute bead beating replaced the 10 minute vortexing step. Extracted DNA was stored at -20C. Quantitative PCR was performed in triplicate on a Roche LightCycler 480 system and working curves were created by amplifying environmental samples with primers and bead purifying them with Agencourt AMPure XP. Analysis was performed with a Qubit 2.0 Fluorometer and Qubit dsDNA High Sensitivity Assay Kit with results converted to copies using the URI Genomics and Sequencing Center converter (Staroscik, 2004). Additional method details can be found in Kenwell et al., 2016. Lovley, D.R., Phillips, E.J.P. (1987). Rapid assay for microbially reducible ferric iron in aquatic sediments. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 53(7), 1536-1540. Staroscik, A. (2004). Calculator for determining the number of copies of a template. URI Genomics & Sequencing Center. <http://cels.uri.edu/gsc/cndna.html>. EPA. (1994). Method 1312: Synthetic precipitation leaching procedure.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Analysis of an optical imaging system prototype for autonomously monitoring zooplankton in an aquaculture facility

Traditional approaches to biomonitoring in aquatic systems, such as sample collection, sorting, and identification, require significant time and effort, thereby limiting the spatiotemporal resolution of sample collection. Additionally, collection and preservation of samples for subsequent taxonomic identification and enumeration leads to mortality of organisms. Recent advances in technologies that utilize optical imaging and machine learning have provided new opportunities to expedite biomonitoring and lead to significant cost savings. These technologies can be advantageous to scientists or managers that conduct routine biomonitoring to inform operations, as in the case of aquaculture facilities. The Small Aquatic Organism optical imaging system (SAO) is a high-throughput optical imaging and classification prototype system that relies on computer vision and machine learning (Support Vector Machines, or SVMs) to autonomously identify and enumerate aquatic organisms. The SAO provides a more sustainable method of collecting large volumes of data and has the benefit of being used in situ. In this study, we tested the performance of the SAO in providing comparable results to manual zooplankton community monitoring in ten ponds at an aquaculture facility. We performed a side-by-side study comparing the sampling methods of plankton tow nets, where major zooplankton taxonomic classes were manually identified and enumerated, to sampling with the SAO. Vouchered samples were used to develop a training library for the SAO, where classes consisted of water boatman and zooplankton groups: cladocerans, copepod adults, copepod nauplii, and rotifers. SAO imagery was manually classified and compared with predicted results for validation. Accuracy for the SVM classifier of the SAO was 37.4 %. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Random Forest classifiers were also applied to SAO imagery and image features for comparison. The best CNN model and our Random Forest model had accuracies of 80.4 % and 46.6 % respectively. Challenges faced included the small size of copepod nauplii and rotifers and the limited resolution of the imaging camera, although there are tradeoffs between imaging resolution and the sample processing rate. Furthermore, our comparison shows that advancement in both optical imaging and ML are needed in order for the SAO prototype to yield comparable results to manual community monitoring in an aquaculture facility.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2017

Completion Report for Well ER-4-1 Corrective Action Unit 97: Yucca Flat/Climax Mine, Revision 0

Well ER-4-1 was drilled for the U.S. Department of Energy, Nevada National Security Administration Nevada Field Office in support of the Underground Test Area (UGTA) Activity. The well was drilled and completed from March 23 to April 13, 2016, as part of the Corrective Action Investigation Plan (CAIP) for Yucca Flat/Climax Mine Corrective Action Unit (CAU) 97. The primary purpose of the well was to collect hydrogeologic data to assist in validating concepts of the groundwater flow system within the Yucca Flat/Climax Mine CAU, and to test for potential radionuclides in groundwater from the STRAIT (U4a) underground test. The completed well includes one piezometer (p1), to a depth of 663.16 meters (m) (2,175.71 feet [ft]) below ground surface (bgs) and open from the Alluvial aquifer (AA3) to the Oak Spring Butte confining unit (OSBCU) hydrostratigraphic units; and a main completion (m1), which includes 6.625-inch (in.) casing with slotted interval (m1) installed to 906.80 m (2,975.05 ft) bgs in the Lower carbonate aquifer (LCA). A 13.375-in. diameter surface casing was installed from the surface to a depth of 809.00 m (2,654.21 ft) bgs. Well ER-4-1 experienced a number of technical issues during drilling, including borehole instability and sloughing conditions. An intermediate, 10.75-in./9.625-in. casing string was installed to 856.94 m (2,811.48 ft) bgs to control these issues. Borehole stability and erosion problems appear to be associated with the Tunnel Formation (Tn) and the Older tunnel beds (Ton). Overall efforts to stabilize the borehole were successful. Data collected during borehole construction include composite drill cutting samples collected every 3.0 m (10 ft), a partial suite of geophysical logs to a maximum depth of 766.57 m (2,515 ft) bgs, water-quality measurements (including tritium), water-level measurements, and two depth-discrete bailer samples collected at 538.89 m and 646.18 m (1,768 ft and 2,120 ft) bgs respectively. The well penetrated 187.45 m (615 ft) of Quaternary/Tertiary alluvium (QTa), 671.47 m (2,203 ft) of Tertiary Volcanic rocks (Tv), and 66.20 m (217.19 ft) of Paleozoic rocks (|). The stratigraphy and lithology were generally as expected with some exceptions. The top of Paleozoic rocks (|) was predicted to occur at 822.35 m (2,698 ft) bgs and was intercepted at 858.93 m (2,818 ft), a difference of 36.58 m (120 ft). As expected, the Paleozoic rocks (|) are the principal water producing formation in Well ER-4-1. Depth to water was measured after drilling as follows: In the piezometers: p1 at 320.39 m (1,051.16 ft) bgs, (measured January 4, 2017); and in the main production casing interval: m1 at 539.17 m (1,768.92 ft) bgs, (measured December 12, 2016) Geophysical logs and depth-discrete bailer sample analytical results suggest likely zones of prompt injection (underground-test-related) fission products from 472.44 to 481.48 m (1,550 to 1,580 ft) bgs and at approximately 539.50 m (1,770 ft) bgs. Subsequent work at Well ER-4-1 will be included in future reports. Field measurements for tritium were mostly below the Safe Drinking Water Act limit (20,000 picocuries per liter) with the exception of two zones showing elevated tritium concentrations. The first zone is located at approximately 365.76 to 390.14 m (1,200 to 1,280 ft) bgs and a second zone at approximately 542.54 to 566.93 m (1,780 to 1,860 ft) bgs. All Fluid Management Plan requirements were met.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2014

A Laser-Based Method for On-Site Analysis of UF6 at Enrichment Plants

The International Atomic Energy Agency’s (IAEA’s) long-term research and development plan calls for more cost-effective and efficient safeguard methods to detect and deter misuse of gaseous centrifuge enrichment plants (GCEPs). The IAEA’s current safeguards approaches at GCEPs are based on a combination of routine and random inspections that include environmental sampling and destructive assay (DA) sample collection from UF6 in-process material and selected cylinders. Samples are then shipped offsite for subsequent laboratory analysis. In this paper, a new DA sample collection and onsite analysis approach that could help to meet challenges in transportation and chain of custody for UF6 DA samples is introduced. This approach uses a handheld sampler concept and a Laser Ablation, Laser Absorbance Spectrometry (LAARS) analysis instrument, both currently under development at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. A LAARS analysis instrument could be temporarily or permanently deployed in the IAEA control room of the facility, in the IAEA data acquisition cabinet, for example. The handheld PNNL DA sampler design collects and stabilizes a much smaller DA sample mass compared to current sampling methods. The significantly lower uranium mass reduces the sample radioactivity and the stabilization approach diminishes the risk of uranium and hydrogen fluoride release. These attributes enable safe sample handling needed during onsite LAARS assay and may help ease shipping challenges for samples to be processed at the IAEA’s offsite laboratory. The LAARS and DA sampler implementation concepts will be described and preliminary technical viability results presented.

LAARS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Data and scripts associated with a manuscript investigating impacts of solid phase extraction on freshwater organic matter optical signatures and mass spectrometry pairing

This data package is associated with the publication “Investigating the impacts of solid phase extraction on dissolved organic matter optical signatures and the pairing with high-resolution mass spectrometry data in a freshwater system” submitted to “Limnology and Oceanography: Methods.” This data is an extension of the River Corridor and Watershed Biogeochemistry SFA’s Spatial Study 2021 (https://doi.org/10.15485/1898914). Other associated data and field metadata can be found at the link provided. The goal of this manuscript is to assess the impact of solid phase extraction (SPE) on the ability to pair ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry data collected from SPE extracts with optical properties collected on ambient stream samples. Forty-seven samples collected from within the Yakima River Basin, Washington were analyzed dissolved organic carbon (DOC, measured as non-purgeable organic carbon, NPOC), absorbance, and fluorescence. Samples were subsequently concentrated with SPE and reanalyzed for each measurement. The extraction efficiency for the DOC and common optical indices were calculated. In addition, SPE samples were subject to ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry and compared with the ambient and SPE generated optical data. Finally, in addition to this cross-platform inter-comparison, we further performed and intra-comparison among the high-resolution mass spectrometry data to determine the impact of sample preparation on the interpretability of results. Here, the SPE samples were prepared at 40 milligrams per liter (mg/L) based on the known DOC extraction efficiency of the samples (ranging from ~30 to ~75%) compared to the common practice of assuming the DOC extraction efficiency of freshwater samples at 60%. This data package folder consists of one main data folder with one subfolder (Data_Input). The main data folder contains (1) readme; (2) data dictionary (dd); (3) file-level metadata (flmd); (4) final data summary output from processing script; and (5) the processing script. The R-markdown processing script (SPE_Manuscript_Rmarkdown_Data_Package.rmd) contains all code needed to reproduce manuscript statistics and figures (with the exception of that stated below). The Data_Input folder has two subfolders: (1) FTICR and (2) Optics. Additionally, the Data_Input folder contains dissolved organic carbon (DOC, measured as non-purgeable organic carbon, NPOC) data (SPS_NPOC_Summary.csv) and relevant supporting Solid Phase Extraction Volume information (SPS_SPE_Volumes.csv). Methods information for the optical and FTICR data is embedded in the header rows of SPS_EEMs_Methods.csv and SPS_FTICR_Methods.csv, respectively. In addition, the data dictionary (SPS_SPE_dd.csv), file level metadata (SPS_SPE_flmd.csv), and methods codes (SPS_SPE_Methods_codes.csv) are provided. The FTICR subfolder contains all raw FTICR data as well as instructions for processing. In addition, post processed FTICR molecular information (Processed_FTICRMS_Mol.csv) and sample data (Processed_FTICRMS_Data.csv) is provided that can be directly read into R with the associated R-markdown file. The Optics subfolder contains all Absorbance and Fluorescence Spectra. Fluorescence spectra have been blank corrected, inner filter corrected, and undergone scatter removal. In addition, this folder contains Matlab code used to make a portion of Figure 1 within the manuscript, derive various spectral parameters used within the manuscript, and used for parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) modeling. Spectral indices (SPS_SpectralIndices.csv) and PARAFAC outputs (SPS_PARAFAC_Model_Loadings.csv and SPS_PARAFAC_Sample_Scores.csv) are directly read into the associated R-markdown file. We acknowledge the Yakama Nation as owners and caretakers of the lands where we collected some of these data. We thank the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation Tribal Council and Yakama Nation Fisheries for working with us to facilitate sample collection and optimization of data usage according to their values and worldview.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2011

Chemical, dimensional and morphological ultrafine particle characterization from a waste-to-energy plant

Highlights: > Particle size distributions and total concentrations measurement at the stack and before the fabric filter of an incinerator. > Chemical characterization of UFPs in terms of heavy metal concentration through a nuclear method. > Mineralogical investigation through a Transmission Electron Microscope equipped with an Energy Dispersive Spectrometer. > Heavy metal concentrations on UFPs as function of the boiling temperature. > Different mineralogical and morphological composition amongst samples collected before the fabric filter and at the stack. - Abstract: Waste combustion processes are responsible of particles and gaseous emissions. Referring to the particle emission, in the last years specific attention was paid to ultrafine particles (UFPs, diameter less than 0.1 {mu}m), mainly emitted by combustion processes. In fact, recent findings of toxicological and epidemiological studies indicate that fine and ultrafine particles could represent a risk for health and environment. Therefore, it is necessary to quantify particle emissions from incinerators also to perform an exposure assessment for the human populations living in their surrounding areas. To these purposes, in the present work an experimental campaign aimed to monitor UFPs was carried out at the incineration plant in San Vittore del Lazio (Italy). Particle size distributions and total concentrations were measured both at the stack and before the fabric filter inlet in order to evaluate the removal efficiency of the filter in terms of UFPs. A chemical characterization of UFPs in terms of heavy metal concentration was performed through a nuclear method, i.e. Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA), as well as a mineralogical investigation was carried out through a Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) equipped with an Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) in order to evaluate shape, crystalline state and mineral compound of sampled particles. Maximum values of 2.7 x 10{sup 7} part. cm{sup -3} and 2.0 x 10{sup 3} part. cm{sup -3} were found, respectively, for number concentration before and after the fabric filter showing a very high efficiency in particle removing by the fabric filter. With regard to heavy metal concentrations, the elements with higher boiling temperature present higher concentrations at lower diameters showing a not complete evaporation in the combustion section and the consequent condensation of semi-volatile compounds on solid nuclei. In terms of mineralogical and morphological analysis, the most abundant compounds found in samples collected before the fabric filter are Na-K-Pb oxides followed by phyllosilicates, otherwise, different oxides of comparable abundance were detected in the samples collected at the stack.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2021

Co-expression networks in Chlamydomonas reveal significant rhythmicity in batch cultures and empower gene function discovery

The unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a choice reference system for the study of photosynthesis and chloroplast metabolism, cilium assembly and function, lipid and starch metabolism, and metal homeostasis. Despite decades of research, the functions of thousands of genes remain largely unknown, and new approaches are needed to categorically assign genes to cellular pathways. Growing collections of transcriptome and proteome data now allow a systematic approach based on integrative co-expression analysis. We used a dataset comprising 518 deep transcriptome samples derived from 58 independent experiments to identify potential co-expression relationships between genes. We visualized co-expression potential with the R package corrplot, to easily assess co-expression and anti-correlation between genes. We extracted several hundred high-confidence genes at the intersection of multiple curated lists involved in cilia, cell division, and photosynthesis, illustrating the power of our method. Surprisingly, Chlamydomonas experiments retained a significant rhythmic component across the transcriptome, suggesting an underappreciated variable during sample collection, even in samples collected in constant light. Our results therefore document substantial residual synchronization in batch cultures, contrary to assumptions of asynchrony. We provide step-by-step protocols for the analysis of co-expression across transcriptome data sets from Chlamydomonas and other species to help foster gene function discovery.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2012

Favorable Geochemistry from Springs and Wells in Colorado

This layer contains favorable geochemistry for high-temperature geothermal systems, as interpreted by Richard "Rick" Zehner. The data is compiled from the data obtained from the USGS. The original data set combines 15,622 samples collected in the State of Colorado from several sources including 1) the original Geotherm geochemical database, 2) USGS NWIS (National Water Information System), 3) Colorado Geological Survey geothermal sample data, and 4) original samples collected by R. Zehner at various sites during the 2011 field season. These samples are also available in a separate shapefile FlintWaterSamples.shp. Data from all samples were reportedly collected using standard water sampling protocols (filtering through 0.45 micron filter, etc.) Sample information was standardized to ppm (micrograms/liter) in spreadsheet columns. Commonly-used cation and silica geothermometer temperature estimates are included.

15 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Agricultural Ice Nuclei at Southern Great Plains Supplemental Sampling (AGINSGP-SUPP) Field Campaign Report

The Agricultural Ice Nuclei at Southern Great Plains Supplemental Sampling (AGINSGP-SUPP) field campaign took place from April 8 to April 28, 2022. It included sample collection and analysis of filter samples for ice-nucleating particle (INP) concentrations. By enabling quantification of INPs at warmer temperatures (i.e., T > 258 K), these samples complemented the real-time observations of INPs that were performed as part of the AGINSGP campaign during the same period. In addition to collecting ground-based samples, the campaign collected vertical samples of INPs aboard the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) tethered balloon system (TBS) as shown in Figure 1. These vertical samples complemented the vertical profiling of aerosol properties that was supported under a related Facilities Integrating Collaborations for User Science (FICUS) proposal. The overall aim of these three campaigns was to improve understanding of the sources and variability in observed INP concentrations at ARM’s SGP observatory. For example, warm-temperature INPs in this agricultural region are thought to originate in part from regional emissions of fertile, agricultural soils containing high organic content. Laboratory experiments have shown that soil particles with high organic content are more efficient INPs than inorganic soils (e.g., Tobo et al. 2014). Quantification of warm-temperature INPs under ambient conditions currently can only be achieved via offline methods such as the ARM ice-nucleation spectrometer (INS). Therefore, offline sampling for the INS was required to complement the real-time INP measurements conducted during the AGINSGP campaign.

, tethered balloon system↗
DOE OSTI2023

Field Scoping Study of Gamma-Ray Measurement of UF 6 Cristillini Samples with CZT and HPGe Detectors

A field scoping study was conducted to evaluate the ability of Cd-Zn-Te (CZT) detectors and High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detectors to quantify the U-235 enrichment in UF 6 samples collected on alumina in P-10 tubes, similar to the Cristillini method of sample collection for analysis by mass spectrometry. With in-field gamma-ray spectroscopy methods, international safeguards and verification missions could benefit from quick in-field confirmation of declared enrichment values prior to or without the need for additional shipping, sample preparation and analysis. Samples of depleted (DU), low-enriched (LEU) and high-assay low-enriched (HALEU) uranium were collected on Cristillini-type alumina in P-10 tubes and measured with two H3D, Inc. M400 CZT detectors as well as a Canberra Falcon HPGe detector. The M400 detectors were able to confirm enrichment in the DU and LEU samples but not the HALEU sample in measurements 8-40 hrs after collection. The Falcon system was able to confirm enrichment in all three samples. Improvements in detector geometry, increase in number of detectors as well as increase sample mass loading may allow measurement of U-235 enrichment in these types of samples within 4-8hrs of collection with 5-10% uncertainty.

98 - NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT, SAFEGUARDS, AND PHYSICAL↗
DOE OSTI2020

WHONDRS Summer 2019 Sampling Campaign: Global River Corridor Sediment FTICR-MS, Dissolved Organic Carbon, Aerobic Respiration, Elemental Composition, Grain Size, Total Nitrogen and Organic Carbon Content, Bacterial Abundance, and Stable Isotopes (v10)

The WHONDRS Summer 2019 Sampling (S19S) Campaign collected samples in 97 globally distributed river corridor systems between July and September 2019. Surficial streambed sediments were collected at three locations within each site (upstream, midstream, and downstream). Surface water was collected at the downstream site. This dataset includes a portion of the data types produced from the sediment samples and does not include any results from the surface water. Surface water data can be found at https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/view/doi:10.15485/1603775. The S19S campaign was designed with the science community to ask questions associated with links among core/transient metabolomes, microbial metabolism, biogeochemical function, and physical properties of watershed and river corridor systems. This data package was originally published in December 2020. It was updated in April 2021 (v2; modified files), May 2022 (v3; new and modified files), November 2022 (v4; new and modified files), January 2023 (v5 and v6; new and modified files), February 2023 (v7; new and modified files), August 2023 (v8; new and modified files), July 2025 (v9; new and modified files), and June 2026 (v10; new and modified files). Version 10 includes major restructuring of the files and their formats. See the change history in the readme for details. In addition to a readme, this data package also includes a file-level metadata (FLMD) file that describes each file and a data dictionary (DD) that describes all column/row headers and variable definitions. This dataset contains (1) readme, (2) data dictionary, (3) file level metadata, (4) sampling protocol, (5) a data checks report, (6) field metadata, (7) international generic sample number (IGSN) mapping file, (8) joint genome institute (JGI) mapping file, (9) a folder of site photos, and (10) a folder of sample data. The sample data folder contains (1) dissolved organic carbon (DOC, measured as non-purgeable organic carbon, NPOC) and FTICR methods; (2) respiration rates and normalized respiration rates calculated from laboratory sediment incubations, (3) X-ray fluorescence (XRF) elemental composition, (4) grain size distribution from the < 2 millimeter fraction of sediment, (5) total organic carbon and total nitrogen content, (6) bacterial abundance flow cytometry data, (7) sediment stable isotopes (C and N), (8) laboratory methods, (9) water and sediment mass and volume used in incubations, (10) a folder with code, inputs, and plots for the respiration rates, (11) a folder containing XRF data, (12) a folder containing unaligned, peak-picked high resolution characterization of dissolved organic matter from sediment via 12 Tesla Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) through the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL; https://www.pnnl.gov/environmental-molecular-sciences-laboratory), (12) and a folder containing processed FTICR-MS data. All files are .msa, .txt, .spx, .xml, .csv, .pdf, .txt, .jpg, or .jpeg.

13C↗
DOE OSTI2020

WHONDRS Summer 2019 Sampling Campaign: Global River Corridor Surface Water FTICR-MS, NPOC, TN, Anions, Stable Isotopes, Bacterial Abundance, and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (v8)

The WHONDRS Summer 2019 Sampling (S19S) Campaign collected samples in 97 globally distributed river corridor systems between July and September 2019. Surficial streambed sediments were collected at three locations within each site (upstream, midstream, and downstream). Surface water was collected at the downstream site. This dataset includes a portion of the data types produced from the surface water samples and does not include any results from the sediment. Sediment data can be found at https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/view/doi:10.15485/1729719. The S19S campaign was designed with the science community to ask questions associated with links among core/transient metabolomes, microbial metabolism, biogeochemical function, and physical properties of watershed and river corridor systems. This data package was originally published in March 2020. It was updated in October 2020 (v2, new and modified files), July 2021 (v3, new and modified files), January 2023 (v4, new and modified files), February 2023 (v5, new and modified files), August 2023 (v6, new and modified files), July 2025 (v7,new and modified files), and August 2026 (v8, new and modified files). Version 8 includes major restructuring of the files and their formats. See the change history section in readme for more details. In addition to a readme, this data package also includes a file-level metadata (FLMD) file that describes each file and a data dictionary (DD) that describes all column/row headers and variable definitions. This dataset contains (1) readme, (2) data dictionary, (3) file level metadata, (4) sampling protocol, (5) a data checks report, (6) field metadata, (7) international generic sample number (IGSN) mapping file, (8) joint genome institute (JGI) mapping file, and (9) a folder of sample data. The sample data folder contains (1) dissolved organic carbon (DOC, measured as non-purgeable organic carbon, NPOC) and FTICR methods, (2) dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), (3) stable water isotopes (O and H), (4) specific conductivity, (5) total dissolved nitrogen (TN), (6) anions, (7) flow cytometry bacterial abundance data, (8) laboratory methods, and (9) a folder containing unaligned, peak-picked high resolution characterization of dissolved organic matter from sediment via 12 Tesla Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) through the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL, https://www.pnnl.gov/environmental-molecular-sciences-laboratory), and (12) a folder containing processed FTICR-MS data. All files are .msa, .txt, .spx, .xml, .csv, .pdf, .txt, .html, .jpg, or .jpeg.

18-O↗
DOE OSTI2018

Globally Averaged Atmospheric CFC-11 Concentrations: Monthly and Annual Data for the Period 1975-1992 (DB1010)

This data set presents globally averaged atmospheric concentrations of chlorofluorocarbon 11, known also as CFC-11 or F-11 (chemical name: trichlorofluoromethane; formula: CCl3F). The monthly global average data are derived from flask air samples collected at eight sites in six locations over the period August 1980-July 1992. The sites are Barrow (Alaska), Cape Meares (Oregon), Cape Kumukahi and Mauna Loa (Hawaii), Cape Matatula (American Samoa), Cape Grim (Tasmania), Palmer Station, and the South Pole (Antarctica). At each collection site, monthly averages were obtained from three flask samples collected every week. In addition to the monthly global averages available for 1980-992, this data set also contains annual global average data for 1975-1985. These annual global averages were derived from January measurements at the South Pole and in the Pacific Northwest of the United States (specifically, Washington state and the Oregon coast).For access to the data files, click this link to the CDIAC data transition website: http://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ndps/db1010.html

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2012

Reduction of Non-CO2 Gas Emissions Through The In Situ Bioconversion of Methane

The primary objectives of this research were to seek previously unidentified anaerobic methanotrophs and other microorganisms to be collected from methane seeps associated with coal outcrops. Subsurface application of these microbes into anaerobic environments has the potential to reduce methane seepage along coal outcrop belts and in coal mines, thereby preventing hazardous explosions. Depending upon the types and characteristics of the methanotrophs identified, it may be possible to apply the microbes to other sources of methane emissions, which include landfills, rice cultivation, and industrial sources where methane can accumulate under buildings. Finally, the microbes collected and identified during this research also had the potential for useful applications in the chemical industry, as well as in a variety of microbial processes. Sample collection focused on the South Fork of Texas Creek located approximately 15 miles east of Durango, Colorado. The creek is located near the subsurface contact between the coal-bearing Fruitland Formation and the underlying Pictured Cliffs Sandstone. The methane seeps occur within the creek and in areas adjacent to the creek where faulting may allow fluids and gases to migrate to the surface. These seeps appear to have been there prior to coalbed methane development as extensive microbial soils have developed. Our investigations screened more than 500 enrichments but were unable to convince us that anaerobic methane oxidation (AMO) was occurring and that anaerobic methanotrophs may not have been present in the samples collected. In all cases, visual and microscopic observations noted that the early stage enrichments contained viable microbial cells. However, as the levels of the readily substrates that were present in the environmental samples were progressively lowered through serial transfers, the numbers of cells in the enrichments sharply dropped and were eliminated. While the results were disappointing we acknowledge that anaerobic methane oxidizing (AOM) microorganisms are predominantly found in marine habitats and grow poorly under most laboratory conditions. One path for future research would be to use a small rotary rig to collect samples from deeper soil horizons, possibly adjacent to the coal-bearing horizons that may be more anaerobic.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗
DOE OSTI2025

Field expedient stool collection methods for gut microbiome analysis in deployed military environments

ABSTRACT Field expedient devices and protocols for the collection, storage, and shipment of stool samples in deployed settings are needed for the advancement of microbiome research in military health. Relevant assessments include the evaluation of microbiome signatures associated with susceptibility to travelers’ diarrhea and recovery of gut function following infection. However, inherent biases in microbial measurements due to preservatives and sampling methods are unclear and should be assessed for an accurate evaluation of the microbiome. We performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing and compared the microbiome composition in paired fecal samples collected using Flinters Technology Associates (FTA) cards and OMNIgene (OG) Gut tubes, prior to and during international travel, from 49 adult participants, 39 of whom remained asymptomatic and 10 experienced travelers’ diarrhea. Higher concentrations of nucleic acid and sequencing libraries were observed in OG samples. A majority of genera (82.9%) were detected with both methods, and detections of genera limited to one collection method were not highly prevalent across samples and were present in extremely low relative abundances (<0.01%). Differences in beta diversity were largely explained by inter-individuality of microbiome composition, followed by the effect of collection method and timepoint-disease states. Differential abundance analysis indicated that Corynebacterium and Blautia were consistently higher in abundance across all groups with FTA and OG collection, respectively. The observed differences in microbiome composition between methods suggest the need for consistent and standardized protocols within a study. Overall, the data presented here could help guide the future design of fecal microbiome study protocols in field and military deployment settings. IMPORTANCE The assessment of field-deployable methods for fecal sample collection and storage is required to reliably capture samples collected in remote and austere locations. This study describes a comparative metagenomics analysis between samples collected by two different commercially available methods in a military-deployed setting. The results presented here are foundational for the future design of fecal microbiome study protocols in an operational context.

field study↗
DOE OSTI2022

Calendar Year 2020 Underground Test Area Annual Sampling Report Nevada National Security Site, Nevada (Rev. 1)

This CY 2020 annual sampling report presents the background of the FFACO and Sampling Plan implementation, sampling and analysis methods, sampling results, quality assurance and quality control, regulatory requirements, and analytical data for the CY 2020. Appendix A presents data from samples collected in CY 2020 from the YF/CM CAU and the RM/SM CAU. This sampling was conducted in support of the Sampling Plan at these CAUs prior to approval of the final CRs. Appendix B presents the well completion diagrams for the wells sampled in CY 2020. Appendix C presents data from samples collected in CY 2019. These results were not reported in the previous sampling report because they were not available from the specialized laboratories at the time of the report’s publication.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗