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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1985

Commercial use of space - The space business era

Progress and avenues being explored by NASA to hasten the commercialization of space are described. A task force has recommended that the effort begin at once, that bureaucratic barriers to commercial space activities be removed, and that a partnership between government and industry be seriously explored. The government role is to establish links with private industry, invest in high-leverage technologies and space facilities which will be attractive to commercial ventures, and contribute to commercial enterprises where risks are high and significant economic benefits can be foreseen. The government/industry relationship can be legally evinced by MOUs, joint endeavor agreements, technical exchange agreements and industrial guest investigator arrangements. The Space Station is the first step in that it allows Americans to live and work in space. It is expected that international participation in Space Station development and utilization will accelerate the space business era.

Griffin, G. D.↗
NASA NTRS1984

STS flight experiments data base

In response to a request of the Space Station Task Force, a data base has been developed, utilizing experiment definitions from all NASA Centers, with emphasis on candidate STS flight experiments that relate to the development and operation of initial and growth versions of a Space Station. Experiments are also included for Shuttle enhancement, for servicing and operations of advanced vehicles such as OMV and OTV, for generic technology such as large structures, control and pointing, heat rejection, for life sciences and for physical sciences and applications. Criteria for selection activity are defined.

Brantley, L. W., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Processes and process development in Taiwan

Silicon material research in the Republic of China (ROC) parallels its development in the electronic industry. A brief outline of the historical development in ROC silicon material research is given. Emphasis is placed on the recent Silane Project managed by the National Science Council, ROC, including project objectives, task forces, and recent accomplishments. An introduction is also given to industrialization of the key technologies developed in this project.

Hwang, H. L.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Space station power system

It is pointed out that space station planning at NASA began when NASA was created in 1958. However, the initiation of the program for a lunar landing delayed the implementation of plans for a space station. The utility of a space station was finally demonstrated with Skylab, which was launched in 1972. In May 1982, the Space Station Task Force was established to provide focus and direction for space station planning activities. The present paper provides a description of the planning activities, giving particular attention to the power system. The initial space station will be required to supply 75 kW of continuous electrical power, 60 kW for the customer and 15 kW for space station needs. Possible alternative energy sources for the space station include solar planar or concentrator arrays of either silicon or gallium arsenide.

Forestieri, A. F.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Architecture of permanent presence

A summary of recommendations of the Concept Development Group of the NASA Space Station Task Force is given. The recommendations address the principal technical issues related to Space Station architecture, with emphasis given to design geometry. Line drawings of the four Space Station candidate geometries are provided, including: a planar geometry; a streamline geometry; a delta; and the 'power tower' concept.

Speaker, E. E.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Space station program operations - Making it work

The Space Station Program (SSP) will consist, in part, of a permanently orbiting facility composed of a mix of manned and unmanned elements. To insure that such a facility will be an operationally viable and productive one, capable of performing a myriad of assigned missions, special attention must be given to the following operational disciplines during the design and development of the SSP systems and subsystems: (1) Automation/Autonomy, (2) Customer Interfaces/Operations, (3) Habitability/Crew Productivity, (4) Maintainability, and (5) Logistics. In order to properly address these disciplines, from an operations point of view, the Director of the Space Station Task Force (SSTF) formed the Operations Working Group (OWG) in July 1982, and chartered this group to develop the top level operational technical and management-approach philosophies and requirements for the SSP. This paper attempts to summarize the results and conclusions reached by the OWG after an 18 month intensive study effort.

Parker, G. R.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Science in space with the Space Station

The potential of the Space Station as a versatile scientific laboratory is discussed, reviewing plans under consideration by the NASA Task Force on Scientific Uses of the Space Station. The special advantages offered by the Station for expanding the scope of 'space science' beyond astrophysics, geophysics, and terrestrial remote sensing are stressed. Topics examined include the advantages of a manned presence, the scientific value and cost effectiveness of smaller, more quickly performable experiments, improved communications for ground control of Station experiments, the international nature of the Station, the need for more scientist astronauts for the Station crew, Station on-orbit maintenance and repair services for coorbiting platforms, and the need for Shuttle testing of proposed Station laboratory equipment and procedures.

Banks, Peter M.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Assessment of mixed fleet potential for space station launch and assembly

Reductions in expected STS flight rates of the Space Shuttle since the 51-L accident raise concerns about the ability of available launch capacity to meet both payload-to-orbit and crew rotation requirements for the Space Station. In addition, it is believed that some phases of Station build-up could be expedited using unmanned launch systems with significantly greater lift capacity than the STS. Examined is the potential use of expendable launch vehicles (ELVs), yet-to-be-developed unmanned shuttle-derived vehicles (SDVs), and international launch vehicles for meeting overall launch requirements to meet Space Station program objectives as defined by the 1986 Critical Evaluation Task Force (CETF). The study concludes that use of non-STS transportation can help meet several important program objectives as well as reduce the total number of STS flights. It also finds, however, that reduction of Space Station-dedicated STS flights below 8 per year forces a reduction in Station crew size assuming the CETF 90 day crew stay time baseline and seriously impairs scientific utilization of the Station.

Deryder, L. J.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Space station heavy lift launch vehicle utilization

The use of Heavy Lift Launch Vehicles (HLLVs) for Space Station assembly, logistics. and resupply is explored. Potential HLLVs, including those based on the Titan, and Shuttle-derived vehicles (SDV), are discussed. The baseline Critical Evaluation Task Force (CETF) Space Station assembly sequence is described and compared with assembly options made possible through the use of HLLVs. The issues of cost, dual compatibility with the Space Shuttle Space Transportation System (STS), co-manifesting of payloads with other science missions cargo return, and ground handling and launch facilities are also considered. The main advantage achieved by using HLLVs are simplification of assembly procedures, added resupply capability, and increased assured access to space. The major disadvantages are increased orbital flight operations complexity, higher logistics costs, and additional ground handling/launch facility requirements. Also, there will not be any improvement in return cargo capacity, nor any addition to crew transport capabilities. Finally, the dual STS/HLLV compatibility should be maintained to minimize program risk. HLLV and Orbital Maneuvering Vehicle design must parallel that of the Space Station.

Deryder, L. J.↗
NASA NTRS1987

Manned Mars mission accomodation by the evolutionary Space Station

It is shown that an unmanned launch capability of about 90 metric tons to the Space Station altitude and inclination is required to support the buildup of the manned Mars mission. The paper presents details of the assembly sequence including the analysis and conceptual design of additional truss and other facilities required at the Space Station. It is noted that the The Critical Evaluation Task Force configuration (dual keel) can evolve to accommodate the Mars space vehicle buildup.

Pritchard, E. Brian↗
NASA NTRS1987

Science on Space Station

Plans for space science activities on the International Space Station are reviewed from a NASA perspective. The present Station reference configuration is based on a dual-keel core unit (one habitation module and three laboratory modules supplied by NASA, ESA, and Japan) and provides for five attached systems (with up to four payloads each to be exposed to space) and several free-flying platforms (both polar orbiters and coorbiters). Particular attention is given to the space science aspects of the primary Station objectives defined by NASA (servicing and repair, platforms, pressurized modules, and attached payloads). Also discussed are the work of the Task Force on Scientific Uses of Space Station, the need for operational flexibility, the value of a continuous manned presence for experimental science, and the skills needed from the Station crew.

Black, David C.↗
NASA NTRS1988

Advanced Turboprop Project

At the direction of Congress, a task force headed by NASA was organized in 1975 to identify potential fuel saving concepts for aviation. The result was the Aircraft Energy Efficiency (ACEE) Program implemented in 1976. An important part of the program was the development of advanced turboprop technology for Mach 0.65 to 0.85 applications having the potential fuel saving of 30 to 50 percent relative to existing turbofan engines. A historical perspective is presented of the development and the accomplishments that brought the turboprop to successful flight tests in 1986 and 1987.

Hager, Roy D.↗
NASA NTRS1988

CETF Space Station payload pointing system design and analysis feasibility study

The expected pointing performance of an attached payload coupled to the Critical Evaluation Task Force Space Station via a payload pointing system (PPS) is determined. The PPS is a 3-axis gimbal which provides the capability for maintaining inertial pointing of a payload in the presence of disturbances associated with the Space Station environment. A system where the axes of rotation were offset from the payload center of mass (CM) by 10 in. in the Z axis was studied as well as a system having the payload CM offset by only 1 inch. There is a significant improvement in pointing performance when going from the 10 in. to the 1 in. gimbal offset.

Smagala, Tom↗
NASA NTRS1991

CFD validation for forebody inlet interactions

Topics covered include the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) task force philosophy, a road map for CFD code validation, computer code validation requirements for forebodies and inlets, the criteria for choosing recommended experiments, an all-body hypersonic experiment, and centerline heat transfer. Information is given in viewgraph form.

Marvin, J. G.↗
NASA NTRS1990

CCSDS Advanced Orbiting Systems - International data communications standards for the Space Station Freedom

Established in 1982, the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) is an international organization that is staffed by data-handling experts from nearly all of the world's major space agencies. Its goal is to develop standard data-communications techniques so that several agencies may cross-support each other's data flow and thus allow complex, international missions to be flown. Under the general umbrella of Advanced Orbiting Systems (AOS), an international CCSDS task force was formed in 1985 to develop standard data-communications concepts for manned missions, such as the Space Station Freedom and the Hermes space plane, and large unmanned vehicles, such as polar orbiting platforms. The history of the CCSDS and the development of the AOS recommendation are reviewed, and the user services and protocols embodied in its systems architecture are introduced.

Hooke, Adrian J.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Strategic planning for the International Space Station

The concept for utilization and operations planning for the International Space Station Freedom was developed in a NASA Space Station Operations Task Force in 1986. Since that time the concept has been further refined to definitize the process and products required to integrate the needs of the international user community with the operational capabilities of the Station in its evolving configuration. The keystone to the process is the development of individual plans by the partners, with the parameters and formats common to the degree that electronic communications techniques can be effectively utilized, while maintaining the proper level and location of configuration control. The integration, evaluation, and verification of the integrated plan, called the Consolidated Operations and Utilization Plan (COUP), is being tested in a multilateral environment to prove out the parameters, interfaces, and process details necessary to produce the first COUP for Space Station in 1991. This paper will describe the concept, process, and the status of the multilateral test case.

Griner, Carolyn S.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Ageing airplane repair assessment program for Airbus A300

Summary as a result of a commitment between the FAA and ATA the Airworthiness Assurance Task Force (AATF) steering committee requested the transport aircraft manufacturers to develop a program to assess the repairs on in-service aircraft since recent Supplemental Structural Inspection Programs (SSIP) had not been addressed to assessing repairs. The intent of the assessment program is to remove all existing ambiguities and to achieve a sufficient level of safety across the fleet by applying actual fatigue and damage tolerance criteria defined by FAR 25.571 to repaired structures. A general three stage program has been developed with major aircraft manufacturers and airlines cooperation including area/component classification, repair categorization and inspection/removal requirement establishment which is the basis for model specific repair assessment programs. This paper describes the current status of the repair categorization activities and includes all details about the methodologies developed for determination of the inspection program for the skin on pressurized fuselages. For inspection threshold determination two methods are defined based on fatigue life approach, i.e. a simplified and a detailed method. The detailed method considers 15 different parameters to assess the influences of material, geometry, size, location, aircraft usage and workmanship on the fatigue life of the repair and the original structure. For definition of the inspection intervals a general method is developed which applies to all concerned repairs. For this the initial flaw concept is used by considering 6 parameters and the detectable flaw sizes depending on proposed nondestructive inspection methods. An alternative method is provided for small repairs allowing visual inspection with shorter intervals.

Aging Aircraft↗
NASA NTRS1992

Advanced electromagnetic methods for aerospace vehicles

The Advanced Helicopter Electromagnetics (AHE) Industrial Associates Program continues its research on variety of main topics identified and recommended by the Advisory Task Force of the program. The research activities center on issues that advance technology related to helicopter electromagnetics. While most of the topics are a continuation of previous works, special effort has been focused on some of the areas due to recommendations from the last annual conference. The main topics addressed in this report are: composite materials, and antenna technology. The area of composite materials continues getting special attention in this period. The research has focused on: (1) measurements of the electrical properties of low-conductivity materials; (2) modeling of material discontinuity and their effects on the scattering patterns; (3) preliminary analysis on interaction of electromagnetic fields with multi-layered graphite fiberglass plates; and (4) finite difference time domain (FDTD) modeling of fields penetration through composite panels of a helicopter.

Balanis, Constantine A.↗