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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Scalable Surface Micro-Texturing of LLZO Solid Electrolytes for Battery Applications

A challenge for lithium lanthanum zirconate (LLZO)-based solid-state batteries is to increase the critical current density (CCD) to enable high current cycling. A promising strategy is to modify the LLZO surface morphology to provide a larger contact area with the Li metal. Here, a surface-textured thin LLZO electrolyte was prepared through an easily scalable process. The texturing process is a simple pressing of green LLZO tapes between micro-textured substrates. A variety of textures can be produced, depending on the type of substrate, and texturing can be on either one side or both sides. For this work, after pressing and sintering, several micro-patterns are formed on thin LLZO (~118 μm thick). The properties of the various samples were characterized to investigate the impact of surface texturing, and the most promising ones were selected for electrochemical testing in symmetrical lithium cells and full cells. Li symmetric cells using a coarse ridge-textured LLZO exhibit ~2.5 times increased CCD compared to planar non-textured LLZO, and a solid-state full cell shows stable cycling and improved rate performance. Finally, we believe this process offers a favorable trade-off of processing complexity vs structural optimization to maximize CCD.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2019

Significant texture improvement in single-crystalline-like materials on low-cost flexible metal foils through growth of silver thin films

Low texture spreads of single-crystalline-like materials are critical for high performance of low-cost flexible semiconductors and second-generation high-temperature superconductors based on metal foils. For texture improvement, a single-crystalline-like Ag film is epitaxially grown on an ion-beam-assisted deposition TiN substrate using magnetron sputtering. Ultra-low texture spreads are found in the thin Ag film (∼330 nm), with an out-of-plane texture spread (Δω) of ∼1.03° and an in-plane texture spread (Δϕ) of ∼1.34°. Compared with the texture spreads of the TiN substrate, Δω and Δϕ of the Ag film are reduced by ∼42 and ∼79%, respectively. Applying this Ag buffer, the texture spreads of a single-crystalline-like Ge film are reduced by ∼37% (Δω) and ∼36% (Δϕ). Factors contributing to the texture improvement by Ag are studied using single-crystalline-like Ag films with various thicknesses.

Chemistry↗
DOE OSTI2016

SU-F-R-35: Repeatability of Texture Features in T1- and T2-Weighted MR Images

Purpose: To evaluate repeatability of lung tumor texture features from inspiration/expiration MR image pairs for potential use in patient specific care models and applications. Repeatability is a desirable and necessary characteristic of features included in such models. Methods: T1-weighted Volumetric Interpolation Breath-Hold Examination (VIBE) and/or T2-weighted MRI scans were acquired for 15 patients with non-small cell lung cancer before and during radiotherapy for a total of 32 and 34 same session inspiration-expiration breath-hold image pairs respectively. Bias correction was applied to the VIBE (VIBE-BC) and T2-weighted (T2-BC) images. Fifty-nine texture features at five wavelet decomposition ratios were extracted from the delineated primary tumor including: histogram(HIST), gray level co-occurrence matrix(GLCM), gray level run length matrix(GLRLM), gray level size zone matrix(GLSZM), and neighborhood gray tone different matrix (NGTDM) based features. Repeatability of the texture features for VIBE, VIBE-BC, T2-weighted, and T2-BC image pairs was evaluated by the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) between corresponding image pairs, with a value greater than 0.90 indicating repeatability. Results: For the VIBE image pairs, the percentage of repeatable texture features by wavelet ratio was between 20% and 24% of the 59 extracted features; the T2-weighted image pairs exhibited repeatability in the range of 44–49%. The percentage dropped to 10–20% for the VIBE-BC images, and 12–14% for the T2-BC images. In addition, five texture features were found to be repeatable in all four image sets including two GLRLM, two GLZSM, and one NGTDN features. No single texture feature category was repeatable among all three image types; however, certain categories performed more consistently on a per image type basis. Conclusion: We identified repeatable texture features on T1- and T2-weighted MRI scans. These texture features should be further investigated for use in specific applications such as tissue classification and changes during radiation therapy utilizing a standard imaging protocol. Authors have the following disclosures: a research agreement with Philips Medical systems (Hugo, Weiss), a license agreement with Varian Medical Systems (Hugo, Weiss), research grants from the National Institute of Health (Hugo, Weiss), UpToDate royalties (Weiss), and none(Mahon, Ford, Karki). Authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2016

TU-D-207B-03: Early Assessment of Response to Chemoradiotherapy Based On Textural Analysis of Pre and Mid-Treatment FDG-PET Image in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer

Purpose: To evaluate whether tumor textural features extracted from both pre- and mid-treatment FDG-PET images predict early response to chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer, and investigate whether they provide complementary value to conventional volume-based measurements. Methods: Ninety-four patients with locally advanced head and neck cancers were retrospectively studied. All patients received definitive chemoradiotherapy and underwent FDG-PET planning scans both before and during treatment. Within the primary tumor we extracted 6 textural features based on gray-level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM): entropy, dissimilarity, contrast, correlation, energy, and homogeneity. These image features were evaluated for their predictive power of treatment response to chemoradiotherapy in terms of local recurrence free survival (LRFS) and progression free survival (PFS). Logrank test were used to assess the statistical significance of the stratification between low- and high-risk groups. P-values were adjusted for multiple comparisons by the false discovery rate (FDR) method. Results: All six textural features extracted from pre-treatment PET images significantly differentiated low- and high-risk patient groups for LRFS (P=0.011–0.038) and PFS (P=0.029–0.034). On the other hand, none of the textural features on mid-treatment PET images was statistically significant in stratifying LRFS (P=0.212–0.445) or PFS (P=0.168–0.299). An imaging signature that combines textural feature (GLCM homogeneity) and metabolic tumor volume showed an improved performance for predicting LRFS (hazard ratio: 22.8, P<0.0001) and PFS (hazard ratio: 13.9, P=0.0005) in leave-one-out cross validation. Intra-tumor heterogeneity measured by textural features was significantly lower in mid-treatment PET images than in pre-treatment PET images (T-test: P<1.4e-6). Conclusion: Tumor textural features on pretreatment FDG-PET images are predictive for response to chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer. The complementary information offered by textural features improves patient stratification and may potentially aid in personalized risk-adaptive therapy.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1976

Ion beam texturing

A microscopic surface texture is created by sputter etching a surface while simultaneously sputter depositing a lower sputter yield material onto the surface. A xenon ion beam source has been used to perform this texturing process on samples as large as three centimeters in diameter. Ion beam textured surface structures have been characterized with SEM photomicrographs for a large number of materials including Cu, Al, Si, Ti, Ni, Fe, Stainless steel, Au, and Ag. Surfaces have been textured using a variety of low sputter yield materials - Ta, Mo, Nb, and Ti. The initial stages of the texture creation have been documented, and the technique of ion beam sputter removal of any remaining deposited material has been studied. A number of other texturing parameters have been studied such as the variation of the texture with ion beam power, surface temperature, and the rate of texture growth with sputter etching time.

Hudson, W. R.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Texture transforms of remote sensing data

Tone and texture are fundamental interrelated visual concepts. The concepts are used for the digital analysis of remotely sensed image data. The reported investigation had the objective to develop software for the quantification of image texture and to apply the texture information to both image enhancement and thematic classification of remotely sensed data. The quantitative texture information was applied to the analysis of Landsat-2 Multispectral Scanner Subsystem (MSS) data. Attention is given to the characterization of image texture, textured transformations, the subtext program, and a description of methods and results. It is pointed out that the inability to use the texture transforms of the Landsat MSS data for the thematic mapping of the study area's land cover contrasts sharply with the reported results of the textural analysis of digitized aerial photography by Hsu (1978).

Irons, J. R.↗
NASA NTRS2006

Kinetic Controls on Formation of Textures in Rapidly Cooled Rocks

The crystallization of silicate melts is a complex process involving melts usually produced by partial melting and cooling environments that are rapid in volcanic lavas or so slow as to be auto-metamorphic in plutonic regimes. The volcanic lavas are amenable to laboratory study as are chondrules that comprise the bulk of chondritic meteorites. Dynamic crystallization studies of basalt and chondrule melts have shown that nucleation has a more profound effect on the final texture than the cooling or crystal growth rates. The sequence of crystal shapes grown at increasing degrees of supercooling (DELTA T) or cooling rate demonstrates the effect of increasing growth rate. Equant or euhedral crystals become skeletal, then dendritic and ultimately spherulitic indicating the nucleation temperature and the DELTA T when growth began. Because crystals cannot grow until they nucleate, cooling rate does not always correlate with crystal growth rate and thus crystal shape. Silicate melts cooled at the same rate can have drastically different textures depending on the temperature of nucleation. A dynamic crystallization study of basaltic rocks shows that basaltic lavas must erupt with sufficient crystals present in the melt to act as nuclei and foster growth. With nuclei present, growth will begin when the temperature drops below the liquidus temperature and typical basaltic textures such as intersertal, intergranular or subophitic will form. If nuclei are not present, crystallization will not begin immediately and the DELTA T will increase until embryos in the melts become nuclei. The DELTA T present when grow begins dictates the growth rate and the crystal shapes and thus the rock texture. If nucleation is delayed, growth will take place at high DELTA T and the crystals will favor skeletal or dendritic shapes. Chondrules are usually considered crystallized melt droplets and clearly some are, but most are not. Most chondrules have porphyritic textures that cannot develop from totally melted droplets because nucleation is delayed during cooling and growth occurs at high DELTA T and the resulting textures are dendritic or spherulitic. The porphyritic textures will develop only if the chondrule is partially molten and begins to crystallize immediately upon cooling. Chondrule compositions are close to komatiites and these studies bear on the origin of their textures as well.

Lofgren, Gary E.↗
NASA NTRS2005

Texturing Blood-Glucose-Monitoring Optics Using Oxygen Beams

A method has been invented for utilizing directed, hyperthermal oxygen atoms and ions for texturing tips of polymeric optical fibers or other polymeric optical components for use in optical measurement of concentration of glucose in blood. The required texture of the sensory surface of such a component amounts to a landscape of microscopic hills having high aspect ratios (hills taller than they are wide), with an average distance between hills of no more than about 5 m. This limit on the average distance between hills is chosen so that blood cells (which are wider) cannot enter the valleys between the hills, where they could obstruct optical sensing of glucose in the blood plasma. On the other hand, the plasma is required to enter the valleys, and a high aspect ratio is intended to maximize the hillside and valley surface area in contact with the plasma, thereby making it possible to obtain a given level of optical glucose- measurement sensitivity with a relatively small volume of blood. The present method of texturing by use of directed, hyperthermal (particle energy >1 eV) oxygen atoms and ions stands in contrast to a prior method of texturing by use of thermal monatomic oxygen characterized by a temperature of the order of 0.5 eV. The prior method yields low-aspect- ratio (approximately hemispherical) craters that are tens of microns wide . too wide to exclude blood cells. The figure schematically depicts parts of a typical apparatus for texturing according to the present method. One or more polymeric optical components to be textured (e.g., multiple optical fibers bundled together for simultaneous processing) are mounted in a vacuum chamber facing a suitable ion- or atom-accelerating device capable of generating a beam of oxygen atoms and/or ions having kinetic energies >1 eV. Typically, such a device includes a heated cathode, in which case it is desirable to interpose a water-cooled thermal-radiation shield to prevent melting of the polymeric component(s) to be textured. In operation, the chamber is evacuated to a pressure .10.5 torr (less than or equal to approximately 1.3 mPa), then the beam is turned on. The resulting texture is characterized by approximately conical hills having aspect ratios greater than 1. In experiments, it was demonstrated that separations between adjacent hills can be made .1 m and that the separations and heights of the hills can be varied by varying the fluence of monatomic oxygen and/or oxygen ions.

Banks, Bruce↗
DOE OSTI2022

Quantitative texture analysis at the WAND 2 and HIDRA diffractometers

Data collection and analysis strategies have been developed for efficient and reliable crystallographic texture measurements at two recently upgraded neutron diffractometers: the Wide Angle Neutron Diffractometer Squared (WAND 2 ) and the High Intensity Diffractometer for Residual Stress Analysis (HIDRA) at the High Flux Isotope Reactor located at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. These methods are demonstrated using measurements on a variety of textured samples, including multi-phase steel composites and polycrystalline calcite (CaCO 3 ). Reference measurements were also made at VULCAN, the engineering diffractometer located at the Spallation Neutron Source. The texture data obtained on the different instruments are in agreement, and WAND 2 is more time efficient than HIDRA. Two analysis methods were investigated, single-peak fitting to obtain individual pole figures for inversion and Rietveld texture analysis using MAUD. Here, the impact of the differences between the various textures obtained was evaluated through the calculation of diffraction elastic constants, which is one application of the texture data collected. Both instruments were found to provide texture data that are suitable for complementing other analyses, such as residual stress mapping.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2018

Explicit Backscattering Coefficient for Ultrasonic Wave Propagating in Hexagonal Polycrystals with Fiber Texture

Hexagonal polycrystalline materials such as titanium, zirconium and magnesium are common in engineering structures like car bodies and airplane engines. These components are usually specially designed in microstructure level to guarantee desired mechanical properties, so microstructure characterization is of great importance to the optimization of manufacturing processes. Compared with traditional destructive characterization methods like scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the ultrasonic approach is nondestructive and cost-effective. Although some progress has been made in ultrasonic microstructure characterization of polycrystal aggregates of hexagonal grains, some factors like macro texture and grain size distribution associated with realistic microstructures were not accounted for yet. Targeting one common texture component for hexagonal polycrystalline materials, {0001} basal fiber texture, this paper derived the explicit backscattering coefficient for aggregates of ellipsoidal grains through one texture parameter and obtained an analytical backscattering coefficient for microstructures with various grain size distributions. In this study, the basal fiber texture was quantified by the 1D Gaussian orientation distribution function (ODF), which merely includes one texture parameter, and its relationship with generalized spherical harmonics ODF was also addressed. Moreover, explicit expressions for effective elastic moduli and elastic constant covariances were derived. Furthermore, some computational examples were given to demonstrate the impacts of texture, frequency, grain geometry and grain size distribution on backscattering behavior. The theoretical results in this study will greatly benefit the later ultrasonic microstructure characterization of hexagonal polycrystalline materials.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Real-time evolution of texture and temperature during friction stir processing of a magnesium alloy: An operando neutron diffraction study

The real-time development of texture and the evolution of temperature during friction stir processing (FSP) of a Mg alloy were investigated using an operando neutron diffraction measurement. A novel approach was applied in this study where the real-time, quasi-steady state measurements performed as a function of position during FSP are converted to a Lagrangian dataset that reveals the transient behavior as a function of time. The in-situ FSP was carried out under two different thermo-mechanical processing conditions represented by the Zener-Hollomon parameter, Z. Further, the results show that: (i) a shear texture develops from the initial strong basal texture with the peak temperature reaching about 774 K during a low-Z processing and (ii) a strong off-normal texture develops with a peak temperature of 616 K during a high-Z processing. Moreover, time-temperature-texture diagrams were established to reveal the real-time development of the texture during the processing for both the low Z and high Z processing conditions. The changes in texture will be discussed in terms of plastic deformation mechanisms active during various stages of the FSP under the two different processing conditions.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2016

Correcting intensity loss errors in the absence of texture-free reference samples during pole figure measurement

Even with the use of X-ray polycapillary lenses, sample tilting during pole figure measurement results in a decrease in the recorded X-ray intensity. The magnitude of this error is affected by the sample size and/or the finite detector size. These errors can be typically corrected by measuring the intensity loss as a function of the tilt angle using a texture-free reference sample (ideally made of the same alloy as the investigated material). Since texture-free reference samples are not readily available for all alloys, the present study employs an empirical procedure to estimate the correction curve for a particular experimental configuration. It involves the use of real texture-free reference samples that pre-exist in any X-ray diffraction laboratory to first establish the empirical correlations between X-ray intensity, sample tilt and their Bragg angles and thereafter generate correction curves for any Bragg angle. It will be shown that the empirically corrected textures are in very good agreement with the experimentally corrected ones. - Highlights: •Sample tilting during X-ray pole figure measurement leads to intensity loss errors. •Texture-free reference samples are typically used to correct the pole figures. •An empirical correction procedure is proposed in the absence of reference samples. •The procedure relies on reference samples that pre-exist in any texture laboratory. •Experimentally and empirically corrected textures are in very good agreement.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2018

Effect of annealing after strip casting on microstructure, precipitates and texture in non-oriented silicon steel produced by twin-roll strip casting

Highlights: • Non-oriented silicon steel with superior magnetic properties was produced by twin-roll strip casting. • The effect of annealing after strip casting on microstructure, precipitates and texture was investigated. • Role of precipitates in microstructure and texture evolution along the entire route was explored. • High magnetic induction and strong λ-fiber texture was obtained by optimizing strip annealing process. - Abstract: A 3.1 mm thick non-oriented Fe-1.0% Si steel as-cast strip was produced by twin-roll strip casting. Samples with/without strip annealing were cold rolled to 0.5 mm and then annealed. The development of microstructure, precipitate and texture was characterized along the entire processing route. It was found that annealing after strip casting had a minor influence on the average grain size and texture of the as-cast strip. A large number of particles precipitated and coarsened during the strip annealing process. Meanwhile, precipitates hindered dislocation slip and crystal rotation such that more significant in-grain shear bands were formed in cold rolled sheets. During recrystallization annealing process, the newly formed fine precipitates in directly cold-rolled sheets consumed stored strain energy and also hindered grain growth. But the initial precipitates in the annealed strip grew further and the effect of pinning of dislocations and grain boundary was lost. Therefore, annealed sheets with strip annealing process showed homogeneous equiaxed grains and the recrystallization texture was characterized by strong λ-fiber texture, which led to high permeability.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Dynamic recrystallization of a wrought magnesium alloy: Grain size and texture maps and their application for mechanical behavior predictions

Effect of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) on the grain refinement and texture modification was studied by conducting a series of hot compression on AZ31B Mg alloy. Processing-grain size-texture maps were established as a function of temperature, strain rate, strain, and the Zener-Hollomon parameter (Z). Moreover, influence of simultaneous changes in the grain size and texture on tensile yield strength and ductility of the hot-worked Mg alloy was studied using the grain size and texture maps established. The processing-grain size map showed that the DRX grain size decreased with the increase in Z, also revealing various characteristics ranging from a grain growth, grain refinement, to a bimodal distribution of ultrafine grains and partially recrystallized grains. The effect of twinning on the grain refinement was also evident at high Z conditions. The processing-texture map revealed that the initial fiber texture was altered significantly to a shear, off-normal, or extension-twin texture with the increase in Z. The Schmid-factor maps were calculated to identify a dominant deformation mode during a subsequent tensile deformation of the hot-worked samples. Finally, a corresponding Hall-Petch relationship for each dominant deformation mode was used to establish tensile yield-strength maps, which agree well with the measured data.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2016

SU-F-R-54: CT-Texture Based Early Tumor Treatment Response Assessment During Radiation Therapy Delivery: Small Cell Versus Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers

Purpose: Tumor treatment response may potentially be assessed during radiation therapy (RT) by analyzing changes in CT-textures. We investigated the different early RT-responses between small cell (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as assessed by CT-texture. Methods: Daily diagnostic-quality CT acquired during routine CT-guided RT using a CT-on-Rails for 13-NSCLC and 5-SCLC patients were analyzed. These patient had ages ranging from 45–78 and 38–63 years, respectively, for NSCLC and SCLC groups, and tumor-stages ranging from T2-T4, and were treated with either RT or chemotherapy and RT with 45–66Gy/ 20–34 fractions. Gross-tumor volume (GTV) contour was generated on each daily CT by populating GTV contour from simulation to daily CTs with manual editing if necessary. CT-texture parameters, such as Hounsfield Unit (HU) histogram, mean HU, skewness, kurtosis, entropy, and short-run high-gray level emphasis (SRHGLE), were calculated in GTV from each daily CT-set using an in house software tool. Difference in changes of these texture parameters during RT between NSCLC and SCLC was analyzed and compared with GTV volume changes. Results: Radiation-induced changes in CT-texture were different between SCLC and NSCLC. Average changes from first to the last fractions for NSCLC and SCLC in GTV were 28±10(12–44) and 30±15(11–47) HU (mean HU reduction), 12.7% and 18.3% (entropy), 50% and 55% (SRHGLE), 19% and 22% (kurtosis), and 5.2% and 22% (skewness), respectively. Good correlation in kurtosis changes and GTV was seen (R{sup 2}=0.8923) for SCLC, but not for NSCLC (R{sup 2}=0.4748). SCLC had better correlations between GTV volume reduction and entropy (SCLC R{sup 2}=0.847; NSCLC R{sup 2}=0.6485), skewness (SCLC R{sup 2}=0.935; NSCLC R{sup 2}=0.7666), or SRHGLE (SCLC R{sup 2}=0.9619; NSCLC R{sup 2}=0.787). Conclusion: NSCLC and SCLC exhibited different early RT-responses as assessed by CT-texture changes during RT-delivery. The observed larger changes in various CT-texture parameters for SCLC indicate that SCLC may respond to RT more rapid than NSCLC.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2019

Distinct driven steady states emerge from diverse initial textures in rolled nanocomposites

Severe plastic deformation is a known method of making high-performance metallic materials. Single-phase polycrystalline metals undergoing severe plastic deformation develop steady-state textures that are characteristic of the mode of deformation. By contrast, we show that two-phase, Cu-Nb nano-laminate composites reach a variety of different steady-state textures under a single mode of deformation. Using molecular statics simulations and a novel algorithm for crystal rotation analysis, we observe that the final, steady state texture and interface character in these materials depends on the initial texture of the composite. This result suggests that the range of bulk Cu-Nb nano-composite textures that may be made by severe plastic deformation is larger than previously demonstrated, with multiple plastically-driven steady states accessible, depending on initial texture. We propose a modification of accumulative roll bonding with highly textured seed layers as a means of accessing different driven steady states in layered composites.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2015

Role of deformation temperature on the evolution and heterogeneity of texture during equal channel angular pressing of magnesium

Investigations on texture evolution and through-thickness texture heterogeneity during equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) of pure magnesium at 200 °C, 150 °C and room temperature (RT) was carried out by neutron, high energy synchrotron X-ray and electron back-scatter diffraction. Irrespective of the ECAP temperature, a distinctive basal (B) and pyramidal (C{sub 2}) II type of fibers forms. The texture differs in the bottom 1 mm portion, where the B-fiber is shifted ~ 55° due to negative shear attributed to friction. - Highlights: • ECAP of magnesium was carried out at 200 °C, 150 °C and room temperature. • Microstructure and micro-texture evolution was examined using EBSD in FEG–SEM. • Bulk-texture was studied using neutron diffraction and compared with micro-texture. • Through thickness texture heterogeneity was observed by synchrotron radiation. • Changes in these parameters with respect to deformation temperature are discussed.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2024

Solidification and crystallographic texture modeling of laser powder bed fusion Ti-6Al-4V using finite difference-monte carlo method

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing makes near-net-shaped parts with reduced material cost and time, rising as a promising technology to fabricate Ti-6Al-4V, a widely used titanium alloy in aerospace and medical industries. However, LPBF Ti-6Al-4V parts produced with 67° rotation between layers, a scan strategy commonly used to reduce microstructure and property inhomogeneity, have varying grain morphologies and weak crystallographic textures that change depending on processing parameters. Here, this study predicts LPBF Ti-6Al-4V solidification at three energy levels using a finite difference-Monte Carlo method and validates the simulations with large-area electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) scans. The developed model accurately shows that a <001> texture forms at low energy and a <111> texture occurs at higher energies parallel to the build direction but with a lower strength than the textures observed from EBSD. A validated and well-established method of combining spatial correlation and general spherical harmonics representation of texture is developed to calculate a difference score between simulations and experiments. The quantitative comparison enables effective fine-tuning of nucleation density (N 0 ) input, which shows a nonlinear relationship with increasing energy level. Future improvements in texture prediction code and a more comprehensive study of N 0 with different energy levels will further advance the optimization of LPBF Ti-6Al-4V components. These developments contribute a novel understanding of crystallographic texture formation in LPBF Ti-6Al-4V, the development of robust model validation and calibration pipeline methodologies, and provide a platform for mechanical property prediction and process parameter optimization.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗