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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Multifrequency-resolved Hanbury Brown–Twiss effect

The Hanbury Brown–Twiss (HBT) effect holds a pivotal place in intensity interferometry and gave a seminal contribution to the development of quantum optics. To observe such an effect, both good spectral and timing resolutions are necessary. Most often, the HBT effect is observed for a single frequency at a time due to its limitations in dealing with multifrequencies simultaneously, halting and limiting some applications. Here, we report a fast and data-driven spectrometer built with a one-dimensional array of single-photon-sensitive avalanche diodes. We report observing the HBT effect for multiple frequencies at the same time. In particular, we observe the HBT effect for up to five lines of the Ne spectrum, but this can be improved upon to include more lines. Our work represents a major step in making spectral binning and multifrequency HBT more widely available. The technology we present can benefit both classical and quantum applications.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Scaffolded and annotated nuclear and organelle genomes of the North American brown alga Saccharina latissima

Increasing the genomic resources of emerging aquaculture crop targets can expedite breeding processes as seen in molecular breeding advances in agriculture. High quality annotated reference genomes are essential to implement this relatively new molecular breeding scheme and benefit research areas such as population genetics, gene discovery, and gene mechanics by providing a tool for standard comparison. The brown macroalga Saccharina latissima (sugar kelp) is an ecologically and economically important kelp that is found in both the northern Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Cultivation of Saccharina latissima for human consumption has increased significantly this century in both North America and Europe, and its single blade morphology allows for dense seeding practices used in the cultivation of its Asian sister species, Saccharina japonica. While Saccharina latissima has potential as a human food crop, insufficient information from genetic resources has limited molecular breeding in sugar kelp aquaculture. We present scaffolded and annotated Saccharina latissima nuclear and organelle genomes from a female gametophyte collected from Black Ledge, Groton, Connecticut. This Saccharina latissima genome compares well with other published kelp genomes and contains 218 scaffolds with a scaffold N50 of 1.35 Mb, a GC content of 49.84%, and 25,012 predicted genes. We also validated this genome by comparing the synteny and completeness of this Saccharina latissima genome to other kelp genomes. Our team has successfully performed initial genomic selection trials with sugar kelp using a draft version of this genome. This Saccharina latissima genome expands the genetic toolkit for the economically and ecologically important sugar kelp and will be a fundamental resource for future foundational science, breeding, and conservation efforts.

DeWeese, Kelly↗
NASA NTRS1969

Brown fat and thermogenesis.

Brown adipose tissue providing internal heating jacket and metabolic heater overlying systemic vasculature, noting cold survival role

Horwitz, B. A.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Application of the Brown-Shook model to the Kirkwood gaps and resonant asteroids

The mathematical model developed by Brown and Shook is used to explain the absence of asteroids in the Kirkwood gaps as well as the existence of some resonant asteroids with orbital periods commensurable to that of Jupiter. In addition, this model can possibly explain the biased number distributions at the commensurable positions of both resonant gaps and clusters. However, this resonant model is probably not applicable to the Saturnian ring system due to the possible cosmogonic plasma process during its formation.

Ip, W. H.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Physiological and biochemical characteristics of adrenergic receptors and pathways in brown adipocytes

Mechanisms involved in the thermogenic response of brown adipose tissue (BAT) to sympathetic nervous stimulation (e.g., by cold exposure) and to norepinephrine (NE) release are investigated. Three effects appear to play a role in the increased oxygen consumption (and heat production) of the adipocytes: increased membrane permeability, activation of the beta-adrenergic pathway, and enhancement of Na(+)/K(+) membrane pump activity. Increased passive influx of Na(+) and efflux of K(+) due to greater permeability raise the energy demands of the Na/K pump; the pump is also stimulated by increased cyclic AMP synthesis resulting from activation by NE of membrane-bound adenyl cyclase. Studies with inhibitors such as propanolol, phentolamine, and ouabain support this hypothesis.

Horwitz, B. A.↗