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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2010

Role of the isovector nucleon-nucleus interaction potential in nonmesonic hypernuclear decay

We develop a theoretical finite nucleus framework for the evaluation of the coincidence number of pairs N{sub nN} and the asymmetry parameter a{sub {Lambda}} in nonmesonic hypernuclear decay {Lambda}N{yields}nN, and introduce the effect of final-state interactions. The primary nonmesonic weak hyperon-nucleon decay process is described through the independent-particle shell model. We work within the 2p1h subspace of final states, assuming a simple approach for finite nuclei based on the eikonal approximation. An optical potential including the nucleon-nucleus isoscalar and isovector interactions is introduced to take into account the minimum nuclear-medium effects. The calculated values for {sub {Lambda}}{sup 5}He and {sub {Lambda}}{sup 12}C show that our treatment of final-state interactions, even those considered as restricted to a subspace of states, brings the independent-particle model results closer to the experimental data.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2025

First Differential Measurement of the Single 𝜋 + Production Cross Section in Neutrino Neutral-Current Scattering

Since its first observation in the 1970s, neutrino-induced neutral-current single positive pion production (NC⁢1⁢𝜋 + ) has remained an elusive and poorly understood interaction channel. This process is a significant background in neutrino oscillation experiments and studying it further is critical for the physics program of next-generation accelerator-based neutrino oscillation experiments. In this Letter, we present the first double-differential cross-section measurement of NC⁢1⁢𝜋 + interactions using data from the ND280 detector of the T2K experiment collected in 𝜈-beam mode. The measured flux-averaged integrated cross section is 𝜎 = (6.07 ± 1.22) × 10 −41 cm 2 /nucleon. We compare the results on a hydrocarbon target to the predictions of several neutrino interaction generators and final-state-interaction models. While model predictions agree with the differential results, the data show a weak preference for a cross-section normalization approximately 30% higher than predicted by most models studied in this Letter.

Neutrino detection↗
DOE OSTI2020

NOvA central value tuning and uncertainties for the hN FSI model in GENIE 3 [Poster]

Hadrons produced from a neutrino scattering interaction can re-interact within the nucleus as it is traversed. These re-interactions are known as final state interactions (FSI). For 2020 NOvA chose to use the hN2018 semi-classical cascade FSI model in GENIE 3.0.6 [1] because, as opposed to the “effective” model hA, hN uses an explicit model [2] to predict how external pion scattering data is connected to propagation inside the nucleus.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Photoproduction of {pi}{pi} Pairs off {sup 7}Li

This paper reports on the quasi-free photoproduction of {pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0} and {pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup +/-} pairs from {sup 7}Li in view of the in-medium properties of hadrons. Measurements have been done using the CB/TAPS detector setup and the Glasgow photon tagging spectrometer for incident photon energies up to 820 MeV. At small invariant masses, an enhancement of the neutral invariant mass distributions is seen compared to the mixed charged channel and could be explained either by an in-medium modification of the {pi}{pi} interaction in the I = J = 0 channel or by effects related to the final state interactions.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

NEUT Pion FSI

The pion final state interaction model in NEUT is described. Modifications and tuning of the model are validated against neutrino and non-neutrino (pion scattering and photoproduction) data. A method for evaluating the uncertainties in the model and propagation of systematic errors in a neutrino oscillation experiment is described, using T2K as a specific example.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Physics sensitivity studies of Fine-Grained Tracker

The reference design of the near detector for the LBNE experiment is a high-resolution Fine-Grained Tracker (FGT). We performed sensitivity studies – critical to constraining the systematics in oscillation searches – of measurements of (1) the absolute neutrino flux, (2) neutrino-nucleon quasi-elastic (QE) and (3) resonance (Res) interactions. In QE and Res emphasis is laid in identifying in situ measurables that help constrain nuclear effects such as initial state pair wise correlations and final state interactions.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

The energy dependence of the pp {yields} K{sup +}n{Sigma}{sup +} reaction

The energy dependence of the total cross section for the pp {yields} K{sup +}n{Sigma}{sup +} reaction has been investigated at the magnetic spectrometer COSY-ANKE. Signals from the production of the {Sigma}{sup +} hyperon were searched for in three simultaneously measured spectra. The values obtained for the total production cross section {sigma}({Sigma}{sup +}) are slightly below those of {sigma}({Sigma}{sup 0}) at the same excess energies. They follow a phase space dependence and do not show any evidence for strong threshold effects or a significant n{Sigma}{sup +} final state interaction.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Low-energy {omega} ({yields}{pi}{sup 0}{gamma}) meson photoproduction in the nucleus

The {pi}{sup 0{gamma}} invariant mass distribution spectra in the ({gamma},{pi}{sup 0{gamma}}) reaction were measured by the TAPS/ELSA Collaboration to look for the hadron parameters of the {omega} meson in the Nb nucleus. We study the mechanism for this reaction, where we consider that the elementary reaction in the Nb nucleus proceeds as {gamma}N{yields}{omega}N;{omega}{yields}{pi}{sup 0}{gamma}. The {omega}-meson photoproduction amplitude for this reaction is extracted from the measured four-momentum transfer distribution in the {gamma}p{yields}{omega}p reaction. The propagation of the {omega} meson and the distorted wave function for the {pi}{sup 0} meson in the final state are described by the eikonal form. The {omega} and {pi}{sup 0} mesons' nucleus optical potentials, appearing in the {omega} meson propagator and {pi}{sup 0} meson distorted wave function respectively, are estimated using the t{rho} approximation. The effects of pair correlation and color transparency are also studied. The calculated results do not show medium modification for the {omega} meson produced in the nucleus for momentum greater than 200 MeV. It occurs because the {omega} meson predominantly decays outside the nucleus. The dependence of the cross section on the final-state interaction is also investigated. The broadening of the {omega}-meson mass distribution spectra is shown to occur due to the large resolution width associated with the detector used in the experiment.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Towards three-body unitarity in D{sup +}{yields}K{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +}

We assess the importance of final state interactions in D{sup +}{yields}K{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup +}, stressing the consistency between two- and three-body interactions. The basic building block in the calculation is a K{pi} amplitude based on unitarized chiral perturbation theory and with parameters determined by a fit to elastic LASS data. Its analytic extension to the second sheet allows the determination of two poles, associated with the {kappa} and the K{sup *}(1430), and a representation of the amplitude based on them is constructed. The problem of unitarity in the three-body system is formulated in terms of an integral equation, inspired in the Faddeev formalism, which implements a convolution between the weak vertex and the final state hadronic interaction. Three different topologies are considered for the former and, subsequently, the decay amplitude is expressed as a perturbation series. Each term in this series is systematically related to the previous one and a resummation was performed. Remaining effects owing to single and double rescattering processes were then added and results compared to FOCUS data. We found that proper three-body effects are important at threshold and fade away rapidly at higher energies. Our model, based on a vector-weak vertex, can describe qualitative features of the modulus of the decay amplitude and agrees well with its phase in the elastic region.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2013

Neutron-deuteron breakup reaction as a tool for studying neutron-neutron interactions

An analysis of the most recent data on the reaction nd {yields} pnn revealed a serious discrepancy between theoretical predictions and cross sections measured for this reaction in various configurations where the role of neutron-neutron interactions is important. In view of this, it seems necessary both to develop theoretical approaches and to obtain new experimental data. For this purpose, a setup for studying the neutron-deuteron breakup reaction was created at the Institute for Nuclear Research on the basis of the neutron beam in the RADEX channel and deuterium targets. This facility makes it possible to perform experiments over a broad region of primary-neutron energies (10-60 MeV) and in various (final-state interaction, quasifree scattering, and spatial-star) configurations. Preliminary results of the respective experiment were obtained for configurations of final-state neutron-neutron interaction and quasifree neutron-neutron scattering.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Measuring Transverse Momentum Imbalance in MINERvA's Nuclear Targets

Introduction: Neutrino-nucleus interaction is complex convolution of many nuclear effects → Fermi motion → Final State Interactions: proton interacts with nucleus before leaving Separate out nuclear effects using transverse momentum projection and muon + proton final state [1][2] MINERvA’s Medium Energy run → study nuclear targets with high statistics Muon doesn’t interact with interaction nucleus. Coplanarity angle → proton deflection Boosting angle → other FSI effects

Kleykamp, Jeffrey↗
DOE OSTI2011

Extraction of neutron structure from tagged structure functions

We present work in a model used to describe semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off the deuteron. The model uses the virtual nucleon approximation to describe the interaction of the photon with the bound neutron and the generalized eikonal approximation is applied to calculate the final-state interaction diagram. Comparison with data taken at Jefferson Lab shows good agreement in the covered range of kinematics and points at a largely suppressed off-shell rescattering amplitude. The W and Q{sup 2} dependences of the total cross section and slope factor of the interaction of DIS products, X, off the spectator nucleon are extracted. Starting from the JLab data and our model calculations, we outline and apply an extrapolation method to obtain the neutron structure function F{sub 2N} at high Bjorken x.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

GiBUU and Neutrino-Nucleus scattering

The Giessen BUU transport approach applied to electroweak interactions on nuclei in the few-GeV region is presented. After describing the model ingredients (elementary cross sections, medium effects and final state interactions), the impact of nuclear effects on the observables is discussed. We emphasize the interconnection of quasielastic and pion production processes, which receive a unified treatment, and its relevance for present neutrino experiments.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

{eta} and {eta}' photoproduction

Recent high precision data of {eta} and {eta}' photoproduction in free and quasi-free processes are analyzed within an effective Lagrangian approach. Gauge invariance of the resulting amplitude is fully satisfied via the introduction of a generalized contact current that accounts for the effects of the final-state interaction. Moreover, the recently discovered enhancement of the {eta} photoproduction yield on the quasi-free neutron compared to that on the quasi-free proton at energies around {radical}(s){approx_equal}1.67 GeV is also analyzed within an SU(3) coupled-channel chiral unitary approach. Additional possibilities how to disentangle the possible scenarios for the origin of this enhancement are presented.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2015

ν{sub μ} CCπ° reaction in the tracker of the ND280 detector in the T2K experiment

A good knowledge of both inclusive and exclusive neutrino interaction cross sections is one of the key issues for a precise determination of the neutrino oscillation parameters in the T2K experiment. These studies are performed at the near detector (ND280). Its central tracker part equipped with a water target is used, among others, to study the ν{sub μ}CCπ° reaction. At the energies of the T2K neutrino beam its contribution to the total cross section is relatively large, so the reaction is a potential source of the background for the quasi-elastic ν{sub μ}CC reaction. Two different production mechanisms contribute to ν{sub μ}CCπ°: single pion resonance production and Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS). In addition, Final State Interactions (FSI) have to be considered. Thus, the analysis of the ν{sub μ}CCπ° reaction aims also at a better tuning of the Monte Carlo (MC) models used to describe neutrino interactions in T2K. This paper describes selection criteria leading to the determination of the inclusive and exclusive cross sections for the π° production in the ν{sub μ}CC interactions.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Proton transparency and neutrino physics: New methods and modeling

Extracting accurate results from neutrino oscillation and cross section experiments requires accurate simulation of the neutrino-nucleus interaction. The rescattering of outgoing hadrons (final state interactions) by the rest of the nucleus is an important component of these interactions. We present a new measurement of proton transparency (defined as the fraction of outgoing protons that emerge without significant rescattering) using electron-nucleus scattering data recorded by the CLAS detector at Jefferson Laboratory on helium, carbon, and iron targets. This analysis uses a new data-driven method to extract the transparency. It defines transparency as the ratio of electron-scattering events with a detected proton to quasi-elastic electron-scattering events where a proton should have been knocked out. Our results are consistent with previous measurements that determined the transparency from the ratio of measured events to theoretically predicted events. We find that the GENIE event generator, which is widely used by oscillation experiments to simulate neutrino-nucleus interactions, needs to better describe both the nuclear ground state and proton rescattering in order to reproduce our measured transparency ratios, especially at lower proton momenta.

direct reactions↗
DOE OSTI2015

Charged pion production in $\nu_\mu$ interactions on hydrocarbon at $\langle E_{\nu}\rangle$= 4.0 GeV

Charged pion production via charged-current νμ interactions on plastic scintillator (CH) is studied using the MINERvA detector exposed to the NuMI wideband neutrino beam at Fermilab. Events with hadronic invariant mass W < 1.4 GeV and W < 1.8 GeV are selected in separate analyses: the lower W cut isolates single pion production, which is expected to occur primarily through the Δ(1232) resonance, while results from the higher cut include the effects of higher resonances. Cross sections as functions of pion angle and kinetic energy are compared to predictions from theoretical calculations and generator-based models for neutrinos ranging in energy from 1.5–10 GeV. The data are best described by calculations which include significant contributions from pion intranuclear rescattering. As a result, these measurements constrain the primary interaction rate and the role of final state interactions in pion production, both of which need to be well understood by neutrino oscillation experiments.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Strangeness Production at COSY

The paper gives an overview of strangeness-production experiments at the Cooler Synchrotron COSY. Results on kaon-pair and {phi} meson production in pp, pd and dd collisions, hyperon-production experiments and {Lambda}p final-state interaction studies are presented.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗