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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Developing and Managing Data Acquisition Software Using Spack

The Data Acquisition systems of particle physics experiments regularly push the boundaries of high-throughput computing, demanding low-latency collection of data from thousands of devices, collating data into time-sliced events, processing these events and making trigger decisions, and writing the selected data streams to disk. To accomplish these tasks, the DAQ Engineering and Operations department at Fermilab leverages multiple software libraries and builds reusable DAQ frameworks on top. These libraries must be delivered in well-defined bundles and are thoroughly tested for compatibility and functionality before being deployed to live detectors. We have several techniques used to ensure that a consistent set of dependencies can be delivered and re-created at need. We must also support active development of DAQ software components, ideally in an environment as close as possible to that of the detectors. This development often occurs across multiple packages which have to be built in concert and features tested in a consistent and reproducible manner. I will present our scheme for accomplishing these goals using Spack environments, bundle packages, and Github Actions-based CI.

Flumerfelt, Eric [Fermilab]↗
NASA NTRS1991

The Next Century Astrophysics Program

The Astrophysics Division within the NASA Office of Space Science and Applications (OSSA) has defined a set of major and moderate missions that are presently under study for flight sometime within the next 20 years. These programs include the: Advanced X Ray Astrophysics Facility; X Ray Schmidt Telescope; Nuclear Astrophysics Experiment; Hard X Ray Imaging Facility; Very High Throughput Facility; Gamma Ray Spectroscopy Observatory; Hubble Space Telescope; Lunar Transit Telescope; Astrometric Interferometer Mission; Next Generation Space Telescope; Imaging Optical Interferometer; Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer; Gravity Probe B; Laser Gravity Wave Observatory in Space; Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy; Space Infrared Telescope Facility; Submillimeter Intermediate Mission; Large Deployable Reflector; Submillimeter Interferometer; and Next Generation Orbiting Very Long Baseline Interferometer.

Swanson, Paul N.↗
NASA NTRS1985

The LAMAR telescope module for high throughput imaging and spectroscopy

Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror assemblies for the LAMAR experiment of the Space Shuttle are described. The aperture is 20 cm x 30 cm and the distance from the front of the mirror to the focal plane is 3.4 m. The reflectors are made from 1.8 mm gold coated float glass. A prototype brassboard mirror was constructed with only one-third of the plates. Its angular resolution is 35 arcsec (HPW) in visible light. X-ray tests over small areas indicate very little scattering. The fabrication technique is applicable to larger mirror systems such as those of XMM. The use of flatter material for the reflectors results in better angular resolution.

Gorenstein, P.↗
DOE OSTI2023

Automated High‐Throughput Fatigue Testing of Freestanding Thin Films

Abstract Mechanical testing at small length scales has traditionally been resource‐intensive due to difficulties with meticulous sample preparation, exacting load alignments, and precision measurements. Microscale fatigue testing can be particularly challenging due to the time‐intensive, tedious repetition of single fatigue experiments. To mitigate these challenges, this work presents a new methodology for the high‐throughput fatigue testing of thin films at the microscale. This methodology features a microelectromechanical systems‐based Si carrier that can support the simultaneous and independent fatigue testing of an array of samples. To demonstrate this new technique, the microscale fatigue behavior of nanocrystalline Al is efficiently characterized via this Si carrier and automated fatigue testing with in situ scanning electron microscopy. This methodology reduces the total testing time by an order of magnitude, and the high‐throughput fatigue results highlight the stochastic nature of the microscale fatigue response. This manuscript also discusses how this initial capability can be adapted to accommodate more samples, different materials, new geometries, and other loading modes.

Barrios, Alejandro↗
DOE OSTI2025

Development of a high-throughput method for processing sponge-stick samples to detect viable Bacillus anthracis spores

Since the national validation of the sponge-stick based method for detection of Bacillus anthracis spores in environmental samples, there have not been focused efforts to address the low throughput nature of the method, which processes only one sample at one time. Sample processing remains a serious bottleneck for rapidly analyzing large numbers of samples expected from a biological warfare attack. Therefore, we developed a high-throughput method to simultaneously process multiple sponge-stick samples to be better prepared for rapid response and recovery after wide area anthrax incidents. In this method, sponges are placed in 50 mL tubes containing 25 mL extraction buffer and shaken to release spores, after which the suspension is recovered for analysis. Here, we determined that an additional extraction step, conducted in the same tubes with 10 mL buffer, further increased spore recovery from sponge-stick by approximately 10 %. We determined that orbital shaking and multi-tube vortexing were both more effective than reciprocating shaking for recovering spores. We conducted simultaneous processing of up to 12 sponge-stick samples and demonstrated comparable spore recovery efficiencies to the traditional low-throughput stomacher-based method (approximately 60 % recovery at 10 2 -spore level and 75 % recovery at 10 4 -spore level for both methods in three replicate experiments, P > 0.05 for two-tailed t-tests for each experiment and spore level). We also demonstrated that our high-throughput method could be integrated with Rapid Viability-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RV-PCR) analysis and could detect levels as low as 40 spores per sponge even when challenged by a PCR particulate contaminant.

Anthrax↗
DOE OSTI2024

RTDP: Streaming Readout Real-Time Development and Testing Platform

The Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) has created and is currently working on various tools to facilitate streaming readout (SRO) for upcoming experiments. These include reconstruction frameworks with support for Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning, distributed High Throughput Computing (HTC), and heterogeneous computing which all contribute significantly to swift data processing and analysis. Designing SRO systems that combine such components for new experiments would benefit from a platform that would combine both simulation and execution components for simulation, testing, and validation before large investments are made. The Real-Time Development Platform (RTDP) is being developed as part of an LDRD funded project at JLab. RTDP aims to establish a seamless connection between algorithms, facilitating the seamless processing of data from SRO to analysis, as well as enabling the execution of these algorithms in various configurations on compute and data centers. Individual software components simulating specific hardware can be replaced with actual hardware when it is available.

Gyurjyan, Vardan↗
DOE OSTI2025

End-to-end deep learning pipeline for real-time Bragg peak segmentation: from training to large-scale deployment

X-ray crystallography reconstruction, which transforms discrete X-ray diffraction patterns into three-dimensional molecular structures, relies critically on accurate Bragg peak finding for structure determination. As X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) facilities advance toward MHz data rates (1 million images per second), traditional peak finding algorithms that require manual parameter tuning or exhaustive grid searches across multiple experiments become increasingly impractical. While deep learning approaches offer promising solutions, their deployment in high-throughput environments presents significant challenges in automated dataset labeling, model scalability, edge deployment efficiency, and distributed inference capabilities. We present an end-to-end deep learning pipeline with three key components: (1) a data engine that combines traditional algorithms with our peak matching algorithm to generate high-quality training data at scale, (2) a modular architecture that scales from a few million to hundreds of million parameters, enabling us to train large expert-level models offline while deploying smaller, distilled models at the edge, and (3) a decoupled producer-consumer architecture that separates specialized data source layer from model inference, enabling flexible deployment across diverse computing environments. Using this integrated approach, our pipeline achieves accuracy comparable to traditional methods tuned by human experts while eliminating the need for experiment-specific parameter tuning. Although current throughput requires optimization for MHz facilities, our system's scalable architecture and demonstrated model compression capabilities provide a foundation for future high-throughput XFEL deployments.

Wang, Cong↗
DOE OSTI2021

Gaming the beamlines—employing reinforcement learning to maximize scientific outcomes at large-scale user facilities

Abstract Beamline experiments at central facilities are increasingly demanding of remote, high-throughput, and adaptive operation conditions. To accommodate such needs, new approaches must be developed that enable on-the-fly decision making for data intensive challenges. Reinforcement learning (RL) is a domain of AI that holds the potential to enable autonomous operations in a feedback loop between beamline experiments and trained agents. Here, we outline the advanced data acquisition and control software of the Bluesky suite, and demonstrate its functionality with a canonical RL problem: cartpole. We then extend these methods to efficient use of beamline resources by using RL to develop an optimal measurement strategy for samples with different scattering characteristics. The RL agents converge on the empirically optimal policy when under-constrained with time. When resource limited, the agents outperform a naive or sequential measurement strategy, often by a factor of 100%. We interface these methods directly with the data storage and provenance technologies at the National Synchrotron Light Source II, thus demonstrating the potential for RL to increase the scientific output of beamlines, and layout the framework for how to achieve this impact.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Microbial Vessel for Impedance Spectroscopy and Electrochemistry (Mvise): an Extensible, Interoperable Data Acquisition Platform for Liquid Culture Studies in Space Biology Research

The White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) has declared 2023 to be the Year of Open Science following an initiative to democratize scientific knowledge. Simultaneously, new sensor technologies have broadened the experimental space available to bioastronautics research. With these open-science goals and technological advances in mind, we have designed and constructed a data acquisition platform for high-precision, real-time monitoring of liquid culture systems. The vessel rig is fitted with six Atlas Scientific probes (micro pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential, liquid temperature, air CO2) and a custom optical density probe similar to the one on BioSentinel’s BioSensor payload. A custom dielectric spectroscopy probe is also planned. The structure of the vessel is resin 3-D printed on a hobbyist-level machine, reducing the production cost and iteration time by over 60% each while increasing extensibility. Data acquisition and storage is controlled with a standalone C state machine-based program running on a Raspberry Pi 3 Model B. When not running headless, an additional program automatically generates and updates plots for live data visualization. Validation of the rig as a data collection system was performed with a yeast liquid culture experiment. While the vessel rig is currently used for standalone experiments, it can also be used as the base perception unit in a self-driving laboratory (SDL). SDLs are high-throughput data collection systems that employ automation and artificial intelligence to conduct and manage routine experiments. Here, we envision an SDL driven by several vessel rigs in which an automated script compares key results, informing the design of future experiments. A vessel rig SDL would streamline many operations, including 1) strain selection for the Lunar Explorer Instrument for space biology Applications (LEIA) investigation and 2) the study of bioregenerative life support systems (BLSS). Ultimately, the datasets that can now be acquired will provide crucial information for accelerating bioastronautics application development in the era of commercial space.

Stephen Lantin↗
DOE OSTI2023

Data transfer for STAR grid jobs

The Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC (STAR) is a multipurpose experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) with the primary goal to study the formation and properties of the quark-gluon plasma. STAR is an international collaboration of member institutions and laboratories from around the world. Yearly data-taking period produces PBytes of raw data collected by the experiment. STAR primarily uses its dedicated facility at BNL to process this data, but has routinely leveraged distributed systems, both high throughput (HTC) and high performance (HPC) computing clusters, to significantly augment the processing capacity available to the experiment. The ability to automate the efficient transfer of large data sets on reliable, scalable, and secure infrastructure is critical for any large-scale distributed processing campaign. For more than a decade, STAR computing has relied upon GridFTP with its x509-based authentication to build such data transfer systems and integrate them into its larger production workflow. The end of support by the community for both GridFTP and the x509 standard requires STAR to investigate other approaches to meet its distributed processing needs. In this study we investigate two multi-purpose data distribution systems, Globus.org and XRootD, as alternatives to GridFTP. We compare both their performance and the ease by which each service is integrated into the type of secure and automated data transfer systems STAR has previously built using GridFTP. The presented approach and study may be applicable to other distributed data processing use cases beyond STAR.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2021

MechElastic: A Python library for analysis of mechanical and elastic properties of bulk and 2D materials

We report the MechElastic Python package evaluates the mechanical and elastic properties of bulk and 2D materials using the elastic coefficient matrix ( C ij ) obtained from any ab-initio density-functional theory (DFT) code. The current version of this package reads the output of VASP, ABINIT, and Quantum Espresso codes (but it can be easily generalized to any other DFT code) and performs the appropriate post-processing of elastic constants as per the requirement of the user. This program can also detect the input structure's crystal symmetry and test the mechanical stability of all crystal classes using the Born-Huang criteria. Various useful material-specific properties such as elastic moduli, longitudinal and transverse elastic wave velocities, Debye temperature, elastic anisotropy, 2D layer modulus, hardness, Pugh's ratio, Cauchy's pressure, Kleinman's parameter, and Lame's coefficients, can be estimated using this program. Another existing feature of this program is to employ the ELATE package (2016) [29] and plot the spatial variation of several elastic properties such as Poisson's ratio, linear compressibility, shear modulus, and Young's modulus in three dimensions. Further, the MechElastic package can plot the equation of state (EOS) curves for energy and pressure for a variety of EOS models such as Murnaghan, Birch, Birch-Murnaghan, and Vinet, by reading the inputted energy/pressure versus volume data obtained via numerical calculations or experiments. This package is particularly useful for the high-throughput analysis of elastic and mechanical properties of materials.

2D materials↗
DOE OSTI2025

Homoeolog expression divergence contributes to time of day changes in transcriptomic and glucosinolate responses to prolonged water limitation in Brassica napus

SUMMARY Water availability is a major determinant of crop production, and rising temperatures from climate change are leading to more extreme droughts. To combat the effects of climate change on crop yields, we need to develop varieties that are more tolerant to water‐limited conditions. We aimed to determine how diverse crop types (winter/spring oilseed, tuberous, and leafy) of the allopolyploid Brassica napus , a species that contains the economically important rapeseed oilseed crop, respond to prolonged water limitation. We exposed plants to an 80% reduction in water and assessed growth and color on a high‐throughput phenotyping system over 4 weeks and ended the experiment with tissue collection for a time course transcriptomic study. We found an overall reduction in growth across cultivars but to varying degrees. Diel transcriptome analyses revealed significant accession‐specific changes in time‐of‐day regulation of photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and sulfur metabolism. Interestingly, there was extensive variation in which homoeologs from the two parental subgenomes responded to water limitation across crop types that could be due to differences in regulatory regions in these allopolyploid lines. Follow‐up experiments on select cultivars confirmed that plants maintained photosynthetic health during the prolonged water limitation while slowing growth. In two cultivars examined, we found significant time of day changes in levels of glucosinolates, sulfur‐ and nitrogen ‐rich specialized metabolites, consistent with the diel transcriptomic responses. These results suggest that these lines are adjusting their sulfur and nitrogen stores under water‐limited conditions through distinct time of day regulation.

Ricono, Angela [University of Minnesota St. Paul M↗
NASA NTRS2015

GeneLab: NASA's Open Access, Collaborative Platform for Systems Biology and Space Medicine

NASA is investing in GeneLab1 (http:genelab.nasa.gov), a multi-year effort to maximize utilization of the limited resources to conduct biological and medical research in space, principally aboard the International Space Station (ISS). High-throughput genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic or other omics analyses from experiments conducted on the ISS will be stored in the GeneLab Data Systems (GLDS), an open-science information system that will also include a biocomputation platform with collaborative science capabilities, to enable the discovery and validation of molecular networks.

Berrios, Daniel C.↗
NASA NTRS2015

GeneLab: NASA's Open Access, Collaborative Platform for Systems Biology and Space Medicine

NASA is investing in GeneLab1 (http:genelab.nasa.gov), a multi-year effort to maximize utilization of the limited resources to conduct biological and medical research in space, principally aboard the International Space Station (ISS). High-throughput genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic or other omics analyses from experiments conducted on the ISS will be stored in the GeneLab Data Systems (GLDS), an open-science information system that will also include a biocomputation platform with collaborative science capabilities, to enable the discovery and validation of molecular networks.

Berrios, Daniel C.↗
DOE OSTI2021

In-Situ SEM High Strain Rate Testing of Large Diameter Micropillars Followed by TEM and EBSD Postmortem Analysis

Background Dislocation dynamic simulations are intended as a tool to understand and predict the mechanical behavior of metallic materials, but its prediction has never been directly verified by experiments due to differences in specimen strain rate and size. Objective In this work, a comprehensive experimental framework is proposed to attempt direct comparison between experiments and discrete dislocation dynamics (DDD) modelling. Methods By integrating high-throughput sample fabrication and a customized testing apparatus, the sample size and strain rate typically employed in DDD simulations are explored experimentally. Constitutive properties such as stress-strain response are measured, and microstructural information is obtained from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and TEM-based orientation mapping. Results Magnesium and copper were selected, as case studies, to demonstrate the newly developed experimental procedure. Measured stress-strain responses for Mg are consistent with those obtained with a miniaturized Hopkison bar experiments. Furthermore, by exploiting the validated workflow, the effect of strain rate on micropillar heterogeneous deformation and associated dislocation plasticity were revealed. Conclusion The work establishes a methodology for the systematic study of not only metals but also other materials and structures at the microscale and high strain rates.

42 ENGINEERING↗
NASA NTRS1992

The link evaluation terminal for the advanced communications technology satellite experiments program

The experimental NASA satellite, Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS), introduces new technology for high throughput 30 to 20 GHz satellite services. Contained in a single communication payload is both a regenerative TDMA system and multiple 800 MHz 'bent pipe' channels routed to spot beams by a switch matrix. While only one mode of operation is typical during any experiment, both modes can operate simultaneously with reduced capability due to sharing of the transponder. NASA-Lewis instituted a ground terminal development program in anticipation of the satellite launch to verify the performance of the switch matrix mode of operations. Specific functions are built into the ground terminal to evaluate rain fade compensation with uplink power control and to monitor satellite transponder performance with bit error rate measurements. These functions were the genesis of the ground terminal's name, Link Evaluation Terminal, often referred to as LET. Connectors are included in LET that allow independent experimenters to run unique modulation or network experiments through ACTS using only the RF transmit and receive portions of LET. Test data indicate that LET will be able to verify important parts of ACTS technology and provide independent experimenters with a useful ground terminal. Lab measurements of major subsystems integrated into LET are presented. Bit error rate is measured with LET in an internal loopback mode.

May, Brian D.↗
NASA NTRS1992

The Link Evaluation Terminal for the Advanced Communications Technology Satellite Experiments Program

The experimental NASA satellite, Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS), introduces new technology for high throughput 30 to 20 GHz satellite services. Contained in a single communication payload is both a regenerative TDMA system and multiple 800 MHz 'bent pipe' channels routed to spot beams by a switch matrix. While only one mode of operation is typical during any experiment, both modes can operate simultaneously with reduced capability due to sharing of the transponder. NASA-Lewis instituted a ground terminal development program in anticipation of the satellite launch to verify the performance of the switch matrix mode of operations. Specific functions are built into the ground terminal to evaluate rain fade compensation with uplink power control and to monitor satellite transponder performance with bit error rate measurements. These functions were the genesis of the ground terminal's name, Link Evaluation Terminal, often referred to as LET. Connectors are included in LET that allow independent experimenters to run unique modulation or network experiments through ACTS using only the RF transmit and receive portions of LET. Test data indicate that LET will be able to verify important parts of ACTS technology and provide independent experimenters with a useful ground terminal. Lab measurements of major subsystems integrated into LET are presented. Bit error rate is measured with LET in an internal loopback mode.

May, Brian D.↗