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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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A Primer on Architectural Level Fault Tolerance
This paper introduces the fundamental concepts of fault tolerant computing. Key topics covered are voting, fault detection, clock synchronization, Byzantine Agreement, diagnosis, and reliability analysis. Low level mechanisms such as Hamming codes or low level communications protocols are not covered. The paper is tutorial in nature and does not cover any topic in detail. The focus is on rationale and approach rather than detailed exposition.
A LISA Interferometry Primer
A key challenge for all gravitational wave detectors in the detection of changes in the fractional difference between pairs of test masses with sufficient precision to measure astrophysical strains with amplitudes on the order of approx.10(exp -21). ln the case of the five million km arms of LISA, this equates to distance measurements on the ten picometer level. LISA interferometry utilizes a decentralized topology, in which each of the sciencecraft houses its own light sources, detectors, and electronics. The measurements made at each of the sciencecraft are then telemetered to ground and combined to extract the strain experienced by the constellation as a whole. I will present an overview of LISA interferometry and highlight some of the key components and technologies that make it possible.
Primer Stepper Motor Nomenclature, Definition, Performance and Recommended Test Methods
There has been an unfortunate lack of standardization of the terms and components of stepper motor performance, requirements definition, application of torque margin and implementation of test methods. This paper will address these inconsistencies and discuss in detail the implications of performance parameters, affects of load inertia, control electronics, operational resonances and recommended test methods. Additionally, this paper will recommend parameters for defining and specifying stepper motor actuators. A useful description of terms as well as consolidated equations and recommended requirements is included.
The Astrobiology Primer v2.0
Astrobiology is the science that seeks to understand the story of life in our universe. Astrobiology includes investigation of the conditions that are necessary for life to emerge and flourish, the origin of life, the ways that life has evolved and adapted to the wide range of environmental conditions here on Earth, the search for life beyond Earth, the habitability of extraterrestrial environments, and consideration of the future of life here on Earth and elsewhere. It therefore requires knowledge of physics, chemistry, biology, and many more specialized scientific areas including astronomy, geology, planetary science, microbiology, atmospheric science, and oceanography. However, astrobiology is more than just a collection of different disciplines. In seeking to understand the full story of life in the Universe in a holistic way, astrobiology asks questions that transcend all these individual scientific subjects. Astrobiological research potentially has much broader consequences than simply scientific discovery, as it includes questions that have been of great interest to human beings for millennia (e.g., are we alone?) and raises issues that could affect the way the human race views and conducts itself as a species (e.g., what are our ethical responsibilities to any life discovered beyond Earth?).
Graphical Primer of NASA Glenn SiC JFET Integrated Circuit (IC) Version 12 Layout
This presentation illustratively communicates integrated circuit (IC) mask design and layout rules for NASA GRC's upcoming prototype fabrication of SiC JFET IC Version 12.
Technical Primer on Design and SPICE Modeling of Circuits for NASA Glenn SiC JFET IC Version 12 Prototype Wafer Run Part 1: SiC JFET Behavior and SPICE Modeling
This presentation illustratively communicates how to SPICE model silicon carbide (SiC) SiC junction field effect transistors (JFETs) for designing circuits for NASA GRC's upcoming prototype fabrication of SiC JFET IC Version 12.
Technical Primer on Design and SPICE Modeling of Circuits for NASA Glenn SiC JFET IC Version 12 Prototype Wafer Run - Part 2: SiC Resistor Behavior and SPICE Modeling
This presentation illustratively communicates how to SPICE model integrated silicon carbide (SiC) SiC resistors for designing circuits for NASA GRC's upcoming prototype fabrication of SiC JFET IC Version 12.
The "Space Activity Suit" - A Historical Perspective and A Primer on the Physiology of Mechanical Counter-Pressure
Since the 1950s, mechanical counter-pressure (MCP) has been investigated as a possible alternative design concept to traditional extra-vehicular activity (EVA) space suits. While traditional gas-pressurized EVA suits provide physiological protection against the ambient vacuum by means of pressurized oxygen to at least 3.1 pounds per square inch absolute (160 millimeters of mercury), MCP provides protection by direct application of pressure on the skin by a fabric. In reviewing the concept, MCP offers distinct potential advantages to traditional EVA suits: lower mass, reduced consumables, increased mobility, increased comfort, less complexity, and improved failure modes. In the mid 1960s to early 1970s, Dr. Paul Webb of Webb Associates developed and tested such a suit under funding from NASA Langley Research Center. This "Space Activity Suit" (SAS) was improved many times while testing in the laboratory and an altitude chamber to as low as 0.3 pounds per square inch absolute (15 millimeters of mercury). This testing, and the reports by Webb documenting it, are often presented as evidence of the feasibility of MCP. In addition, the SAS reports contain a wealth of information regarding the physiological requirements to make MCP work at the time, which is still accurate today. This paper serves to document the Space Activity Suit effort and analyze it in today's context.
A Primer on Argument (Overarching Properties Edition)
The purpose of this document is to establish for the Overarching Properties Working Group (OPWG) a common understanding of the terms, concepts, principles, and uses of argument. It emphasizes the practical over the theoretical and the simple over the complicated.
Graphical Primer of NASA Glenn SiC JFET Integrated Circuit (IC) Generation 13 Layout
How to layout 500 °C durable integrated circuit cells for fabrication by NASA Glenn.
Technical Primer on Design and SPICE Modeling of Circuits for NASA Glenn SiC JFET IC Generation 13 Prototype Wafer Run - Part 1: SiC JFET Behavior and SPICE Modeling
Goal: Enable anyone to SPICE-model and design 500 °C durable integrated circuits for their intended application.
Technical Primer on Design and SPICE Modeling of Circuits for NASA Glenn SiC JFET IC Generation 13 Prototype Wafer Run - Part 2: SiC Resistor Behavior and SPICE Modeling
Goal: Enable anyone to SPICE-model and design 500 °C durable integrated circuits for their intended application.
Fracture Control 101: A Primer for Spaceflight Project Managers
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A Primer on Argument
The purpose of this document is to provide a common understanding of terms, concepts, principles, and uses of argument. It emphasizes the practical over the theoretical and the simple over the complicated.