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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 109 records · Page 6
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Inventory of Composable Elements (ICE) v6.0.0

The Inventory of Composable Elements (ICE) is an open source registry software platform for managing information about biological parts. It is capable of recording information about plasmids, microbial host strains and seeds, as well as DNA parts. Includes features such as DNA sequence visualization, editing and annotation, auto-aligning sequencing trace files against reference templates, SBOL XML/RDF support, and web-of-registries functionality. The web of registries functionality provides strong support for distributed interconnected use and enables sharing and transfer of biological parts across various independent ICE instances. ICE adopts modern software development principles, leveraging component-base frameworks, offering a REST API for convenient third-party integration and emphasizing scalability, security, and service integrations for dynamic content availability. The source code is hosted at https://github.com/JBEI/ice. A public instance is available at public-registry.jbei.org, where users can try out features, upload parts or simply use it for their projects.

Plahar, Hector↗
DOE OSTI2022

OPEN2018 (continuation of GENSETS effort)

This project has demonstrated the key components and engineering principles to support a residential scale (1 to 2 kWe) recuperated Brayton cycle generator based upon a screw compressor and screw expander. This technical work is a continuation of the previously awarded ‘GENSETS’ program. The product goal has been to achieve a 40% fuel-to-electric LHV efficiency, an 80% overall CHP efficiency, emissions qualified to the California Air Resources Board standards, and at noise levels of 55 dB or less at 1 meter. Further, the product must operate with 8,000 hour service intervals and achieve a mean-time to overhaul of 90,000 hours. Lastly, and possibly most importantly, the product must meet demanding cost targets, exhibiting a factory cost well below $1,500/kWe. After extensive aerodynamic studies under the ‘GENSETS’ program, Brayton concluded that miniature turbomachinery could not achieve an efficiency consistent with the product’s system performance goal. Given compressor and turbine efficiency targets in the range of 78 to 81%, Brayton turned to the rotary screw machines. While the justification for a screw compressor over a conventional centrifugal compressor is well supported by industry experience, the high temperature expander represented the core technology advancement. To meet the extremely high efficiency goals, an all-ceramic rotary screw expander hot section was developed and has now been tested in the laboratory. This first-of-its-kind ceramic screw expander prototype was able to demonstrate aerodynamic efficiency in line with predictions. The test article was successfully run to full stress conditions so has also validated the mechanical design of such a unit. This has opened new avenues for the commercialization of high efficiency, small scale power generation. Interest in the technology has sparked several requests for alternate uses, an invitation to present at a screw machine conference, and continued interest from parties looking to develop a product in the spirit of the original ‘GENSETS’ goals.

42 ENGINEERING↗
NASA NTRS1965

Guidance - Basic principles

Navigation and guidance principles and requirements - component technology, gyroscope application, inertial systems, specific force receivers, and geometrical aspects

INERTIAL GUIDANCE↗
NASA NTRS1972

Oxygen plasmas used to synthesize superoxides

Production of alkali metal superoxides by interaction of molecular oxygen with alkali metals or their salts is discussed. Diagram of reactor to show components and operating principles is provided. Analysis of chemical reactions involved is developed.

Hollahan, J. R.↗
NASA NTRS1974

High voltage series resonant inverter ion engine screen supply

A high-voltage, high-power LC series resonant inverter using SCRs has been developed for an Ion Engine Power Processor. The inverter operates within 200-400Vdc with a maximum output power of 2.5kW. The inverter control logic, the screen supply electrical and mechanical characteristics, the efficiency and losses in power components, regulation on the dual feedback principle, the SCR waveforms and the component weight are analyzed. Efficiency of 90.5% and weight density of 4.1kg/kW are obtained.

Biess, J. J.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Automotive Stirling Engine Mod 1 Design Review, volume 2

The auxiliaries and the control system for the ASE MOD I: (1) provide the required fuel and air flows for a well controlled combustion process, generating heat to the Stirling cycle; (2) provide a driver acceptable method for controlling the power output of the engine; (3) provide adequate lubrication and cooling water circulation; (4) generate the electric energy required for engine and vehicle operation; (5) provide a driver acceptable method for starting, stopping and monitoring the engine; and (6) provide a guard system, that protects the engine at component or system malfunction. The control principles and the way the different components and sub-systems interact are described as well as the different auxiliaries, the air fuel system, the power control systems and the electronics. The arrangement and location of auxiliaries and other major components are also examined.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1984

Photometry with Multi-anode Microchannel Arrays (mamas) and Charge Injection Devices (cids)

The characteristics of two kinds of detectors are summarized with emphasis on those aspects that would affect their use in high accuracy astronomical photometry. The first type, the multianode microchannel arrays (MAMA), are a family of pulse counting array detectors. Components and operation principles are reviewed and quantum efficiency, noise characteristics, and dynamic range characteristics are described. The second type, charge injection devices (CID), are discussed in reference to their applicability to photometric detection at optical wavelengths.

Timothy, J. G.↗
NASA NTRS1985

The distribution of compositional classes in the asteroid belt: A cosmochemical fingerprint?

Studies of the physical properties of the asteroids show a nonrandom distribution of types across the belt for asteroid classes E, S, M, F, C, P, and D. The general trend is for asteroids in the inner belt to have higher albedos and stronger mafic silicate absorption features than those asteroids located further out in the belt. One interpretation of this trend is that the asteroids, which occupy the region between the silicate rich terrestrial planets and the volatile rich outer planets, have preserved in their heliocentric compositional distribution a cosmochemical fingerprint of the thermodynamic conditions present in the solar nebula at the time of their formation. This hypothesis predicts that the differences in the spectral properties among the low albedo classes (C, P, F, P, and D) are due to temperature controlled processes which formed carbonaceous opaques. If this is true then the exact composition of the opaque components could, in principle, be used to determine the thermodynamic conditions between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter during the formation of the asteroids.

Gradie, J.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Development and testing of stable, invariant, isoparametric curvilinear 2- and 3-D hybrid-stress elements

Linear and quadratic Serendipity hybrid-stress elements are examined in respect of stability, coordinate invariance, and optimality. A formulation based upon symmetry group theory successfully addresses these issues in undistorted geometries and is fully detailed for plane elements. The resulting least-order stable invariant stress polynomials can be applied as astute approximations in distorted cases through a variety of tensor components and variational principles. A distortion sensitivity study for two- and three-dimensional elements provides favorable numerical comparisons with the assumed displacement method.

Punch, E. F.↗
NASA NTRS2010

Phase-Conjugate Receiver for Gaussian-State Quantum Illumination

An active optical sensor probes a region of free space that is engulfed in bright thermal noise to determine the presence (or absence) of a weakly reflecting target. The returned light (which is just thermal noise if no target is present, and thermal noise plus a weak reflection of the probe beam if a target is present) is measured and processed by a receiver and a decision is made on whether a target is present. It has been shown that generating an entangled pair of photons (which is a highly nonclassical state of light), using one photon as the probe beam and storing the other photon for comparison to the returned light, has superior performance to the traditional classical-light (coherent-state) target detection sensors. An entangled-photon transmitter and optimal receiver combination can yield up to a factor of 4 (i.e., 6 dB) gain in the error-probability exponent over a coherent state transmitter and optimal receiver combination, in a highly lossy and noisy scenario (when both sensors have the same number of transmitted photons). However, the receiver that achieves this advantage is not known. One structured receiver can close half of the 6-dB gap (i.e., a 3-dB improvement). It is based on phase-conjugating the returned light, then performing dual-balanced difference detection with the stored half of the entangled-photon pair. Active optical sensors are of tremendous value to NASA s missions. Although this work focuses on target detection, it can be extended to imaging (2D, 3D, hyperspectral, etc.) scenarios as well, where the image quality can be better than that offered by traditional active sensors. Although the current work is theoretical, NASA s future missions could benefit significantly from developing and demonstrating this capability. This is an optical receiver design whose components are, in principle, all implementable. However, the work is currently entirely theoretical. It is necessary to: 1. Demonstrate a bench-top proof of the theoretical principle, 2. Create an operational prototype off-the-bench, and 3. Build a practical sensor that can fly in a mission.

Erkmen, Baris I.↗
NASA NTRS2015

A Principled Approach to the Specification of System Architectures for Space Missions

Modern space systems are increasing in complexity and scale at an unprecedented pace. Consequently, innovative methods, processes, and tools are needed to cope with the increasing complexity of architecting these systems. A key systems challenge in practice is the ability to scale processes, methods, and tools used to architect complex space systems. Traditionally, the process for specifying space system architectures has largely relied on capturing the system architecture in informal descriptions that are often embedded within loosely coupled design documents and domain expertise. Such informal descriptions often lead to misunderstandings between design teams, ambiguous specifications, difficulty in maintaining consistency as the architecture evolves throughout the system development life cycle, and costly design iterations. Therefore, traditional methods are becoming increasingly inefficient to cope with ever-increasing system complexity. We apply the principles of component-based design and platform-based design to the development of the system architecture for a practical space system to demonstrate feasibility of our approach using SysML. Our results show that we are able to apply a systematic design method to manage system complexity, thus enabling effective data management, semantic coherence and traceability across different levels of abstraction in the design chain. Just as important, our approach enables interoperability among heterogeneous tools in a concurrent engineering model based design environment.

platform-based design↗
NASA NTRS1991

Optical methods of stress analysis applied to cracked components

After briefly describing the principles of frozen stress photoelastic and moire interferometric analyses, and the corresponding algorithms for converting optical data from each method into stress intensity factors (SIF), the methods are applied to the determination of crack shapes, SIF determination, crack closure displacement fields, and pre-crack damage mechanisms in typical aircraft component configurations.

Smith, C. W.↗
NASA NTRS2012

Magnetic Materials Suitable for Fission Power Conversion in Space Missions

Terrestrial fission reactors use combinations of shielding and distance to protect power conversion components from elevated temperature and radiation. Space mission systems are necessarily compact and must minimize shielding and distance to enhance system level efficiencies. Technology development efforts to support fission power generation scenarios for future space missions include studying the radiation tolerance of component materials. The fundamental principles of material magnetism are reviewed and used to interpret existing material radiation effects data for expected fission power conversion components for target space missions. Suitable materials for the Fission Power System (FPS) Project are available and guidelines are presented for bounding the elevated temperature/radiation tolerance envelope for candidate magnetic materials.

Bowman, Cheryl L.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Enhancements to the Engine Data Interpretation System (EDIS)

The Engine Data Interpretation System (EDIS) expert system project assists the data review personnel at NASA/MSFC in performing post-test data analysis and engine diagnosis of the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME). EDIS uses knowledge of the engine, its components, and simple thermodynamic principles instead of, and in addition to, heuristic rules gathered from the engine experts. EDIS reasons in cooperation with human experts, following roughly the pattern of logic exhibited by human experts. EDIS concentrates on steady-state static faults, such as small leaks, and component degradations, such as pump efficiencies. The objective of this contract was to complete the set of engine component models, integrate heuristic rules into EDIS, integrate the Power Balance Model into EDIS, and investigate modification of the qualitative reasoning mechanisms to allow 'fuzzy' value classification. The results of this contract is an operational version of EDIS. EDIS will become a module of the Post-Test Diagnostic System (PTDS) and will, in this context, provide system-level diagnostic capabilities which integrate component-specific findings provided by other modules.

Hofmann, Martin O.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Enhancements to the Engine Data Interpretation System (EDIS)

The Engine Data Interpretation System (EDIS) expert system project assists the data review personnel at NASA/MSFC in performing post-test data analysis and engine diagnosis of the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME). EDIS uses knowledge of the engine, its components, and simple thermodynamic principles instead of, and in addition to, heuristic rules gathered from the engine experts. EDIS reasons in cooperation with human experts, following roughly the pattern of logic exhibited by human experts. EDIS concentrates on steady-state static faults, such as small leaks, and component degradations, such as pump efficiencies. The objective of this contract was to complete the set of engine component models, integrate heuristic rules into EDIS, integrate the Power Balance Model into EDIS, and investigate modification of the qualitative reasoning mechanisms to allow 'fuzzy' value classification. The result of this contract is an operational version of EDIS. EDIS will become a module of the Post-Test Diagnostic System (PTDS) and will, in this context, provide system-level diagnostic capabilities which integrate component-specific findings provided by other modules.

Hofmann, Martin O.↗
NASA NTRS1963

Components for the telstar project

The Telstar project required a variety of components and structures of high reliability. The program for obtaining these components was essentially that originated for submarine cable devices, in which designs of proven integrity were manufactured under controlled conditions, screened and aged to remove defectives, and then life tested and certified using techniques for selecting the most stable components. This program summary illustrates in principle the techniques described in detail in the body of this components section of the issue.

SUBMARINE CABLE↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

AI/ML Components in Safety-Critical Aviation Systems: Selected Concepts and Underlying Principles

The objective of the AI Roadmap meeting is to engage with all stakeholders in aviation in an open conversation about our approach and the guiding principles that can help us in moving forward in the technological landscape of AI/ML. The objective of the Technical Exchange Meeting is to identify categories of safety concerns associated with having an AI component in the aircraft we identified in the previous Technical Exchange Meetings. The speakers will bring their experience to the discussion to stimulate active participation with all stakeholders.

Design Safety↗
DOE OSTI2026

The ePIC dual-radiator RICH detector

The dual radiator Ring Imaging Cherenkov (dRICH) detector is required to provide continuous hadron identification from ≈3 GeV/c up to ≈50 GeV/c, and to supplement electron and positron identification from a few hundred MeV/c up to about 15 GeV/c, in the forward (ion-side) end-cap of the ePIC experiment. Such an extended momentum range imposes the use of two radiators, gas and aerogel. The common imaging system, that ensures compactness and cost-effectiveness, is based on SiPM sensors to work in a high non-uniform magnetic field. During the R&D phase, the dual radiator principle and the single component performance have been validated. A status overview of the project is presented. The design and technological choices are discussed together with the results obtained from laboratory characterization of the component demonstrators and beam tests of the evolving prototypes.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗