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Controls on the Vertical Profile of Moistening as a Function of Precipitation Rate
The relationship between moisture tendency and precipitation rate has been identified as a process diagnostic relevant for simulation of the MJO. AGCMs with moistening that progressively deepens with precipitation rate demonstrate greater MJO skill (Klingamanet al., 2015). However, the processes that give rise to this net moistening pattern are poorly understood. Here we use the NASA Global Earth Observing System (GEOS) AGCM to examine the moisture budget in precipitation-space and understand its sensitivity to changes in model parameters. Comparison is made with the MERRA-2 and ERA-5 reanalysesto place model results in context.
How well do passive microwave algorithms estimate vertical profiles of precipitation?
UNKNOWN
Water Vapor Vertical Profiles on Mars in Dust Storms Observed by TGO/NOMAD
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Characterization Of Aerosol Vertical Profiles Over The Western North Atlantic Ocean During The North Atlantic Aerosols And Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES)
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Implications of using MERRA-2 cloud water in aerosol wet scavenging for Pb-210 surface concentrations and vertical profiles in GEOS-Chem
Precipitation scavenging is the dominant loss process for a whole suite of aerosols but model parameterizations of this process are highly uncertain, substantially contributing to large uncertainties in the simulated loadings and radiative forcing of aerosols. Lead-210 (210Pb, radioactive half-life of 22.3 years) is produced by radioactive decay of soil-emitted gaseous 222Rn. It attaches to ambient submicron aerosols and is subject to precipitation scavenging processes. Liu et al. [2001] estimated the global mean lifetime of tropospheric 210Pb aerosols to be ~9 days using the GEOS-Chem model. Luo et al. [2019, 2020] provided an option to use MERRA-2 cloud water in the model aerosol scavenging scheme. In this study, we examine the impact of this revision on 210Pb simulations and compare results with climatological observations of 210Pb surface and UT/LS concentrations, as well as aircraft profile measurements from eleven NASA field missions.
Unusual Formaldehyde (HCHO) Vertical Profile Shapes During A Sea Breeze Event: Implications for Geostationary Satellite Trace Gas Retrievals
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Vertical Profiles of Absorbing Aerosols in a Remote Marine Environment: Airborne Observations over Bermuda during NASA ACTIVATE-2022
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Vertical Profiles of Aerosol Mass, Number, and Cloud Droplet Number Concentrations: Comparisons of GEOS‐Chem‐APM Simulations With ATom Airborne Measurements and CloudSat Retrievals
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Retrieval of Vertical Profile of Cirrus Cloud Effective Particle Size Using Reflected Line Spectra in 1.38 μm Band
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Discrete Aurora on Mars: Spectral Properties, Vertical Profiles, and Electron Energies
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Local fluctuations of ozone from 16 km to 45 km deduced from in situ vertical ozone profile
A vertical ozone profile obtained by an in situ ozone sonde from 16 km to 45 km, has allowed to observe local ozone concentration variations. These variations can be observed, thanks to a fast measurement system based on a UV absorption KrF excimer laser beam in a multipass cell. Ozone standard deviation versus altitude calculated from the mean is derived. Ozone variations or fluctuations are correlated with the different dynamic zones of the stratosphere.
Concepts for generating optimum vertical flight profiles
Algorithms for generating optimum vertical profiles are derived and examined. These algorithms form the basis for the design of onboard flight management concepts. The variations in the optimum vertical profiles (resulting from these concepts) due to variations in wind, takeoff weight, and range-to-destination are presented. Further considerations for mechanizing two different onboard methods of computing near-optimum flight profiles are then outlined. Finally, the results are summarized, and recommendations are made for further work. Technical details of optimum trajectory design, steering requirements for following these trajectories, and off-line computer programs for testing the concepts are included.
Normalized vertical ice mass flux profiles from vertically pointing 8-mm-wavelength Doppler radar
During the FIRE 2 (First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project Regional Experiment) project, NOAA's Wave Propagation Laboratory (WPL) operated its 8-mm wavelength Doppler radar extensively in the vertically pointing mode. This allowed for the calculation of a number of important cirrus cloud parameters, including cloud boundary statistics, cloud particle characteristic sizes and concentrations, and ice mass content (imc). The flux of imc, or, alternatively, ice mass flux (imf), is also an important parameter of a cirrus cloud system. Ice mass flux is important in the vertical redistribution of water substance and thus, in part, determines the cloud evolution. It is important for the development of cloud parameterizations to be able to define the essential physical characteristics of large populations of clouds in the simplest possible way. One method would be to normalize profiles of observed cloud properties, such as those mentioned above, in ways similar to those used in the convective boundary layer. The height then scales from 0.0 at cloud base to 1.0 at cloud top, and the measured cloud parameter scales by its maximum value so that all normalized profiles have 1.0 as their maximum value. The goal is that there will be a 'universal' shape to profiles of the normalized data. This idea was applied to estimates of imf calculated from data obtained by the WPL cloud radar during FIRE II. Other quantities such as median particle diameter, concentration, and ice mass content can also be estimated with this radar, and we expect to also examine normalized profiles of these quantities in time for the 1993 FIRE II meeting.
Diagnosis of hydrometeor profiles from area-mean vertical-velocity data
A simple one-dimensional microphysical retrieval model is developed for estimating vertical profiles of liquid and frozen hydrometeor mixing ratios from observed vertical profiles of area-mean vertical velocity in regions of convective and/or stratiform precipitation. The mean vertical-velocity profiles can be obtained from Doppler radar (single and dual) or other means. The one-dimensional results are shown to be in good agreement with two-dimensional microphysical fields from a previous study. Sensitivity tests are performed.