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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,171 records · Page 65
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

First study of the nuclear response to fast hadrons via angular correlations between pions and slow protons in electron-nucleus scattering

We report on the first measurement of angular correlations between high-energy pions and slow protons in electron-nucleus (eA) scattering, providing a new probe of how a nucleus responds to a fast-moving quark. The experiment employed the CLAS detector with a 5-GeV electron beam incident on deuterium, carbon, iron, and lead targets. For heavier nuclei, the pion-proton correlation function is more spread-out in azimuth than for lighter ones, and this effect is more pronounced in the πp channel than in earlier ππ studies. The proton-to-pion yield ratio likewise rises with nuclear mass, although the increase appears to saturate for the heaviest targets. These trends are qualitatively reproduced by state-of-the-art eA event generators, including BeAGLE, eHIJING, and GiBUU, indicating that current descriptions of target fragmentation rest on sound theoretical footing. At the same time, the precision of our data exposes model-dependent discrepancies, delineating a clear path for future improvements in the treatment of cold-nuclear matter effects in eA scattering.

Correlations↗
DOE OSTI2012

New trends in hadronic physics at JLab

The 2014-scheduled 12 GeV upgrade of JLab will allow for a whole new range of experiments, extending our knowledge of nucleon structure. The program for the nucleon form factors and elastic scattering parity-violating asymmetry experiments is presented here, along with the benefits of the new large-acceptance forward spectrometer (Super BigBite, SBS) to be installed in Hall A.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

A low-latency graph computer to identify metastable particles at the Large Hadron Collider for real-time analysis of potential dark matter signatures

Abstract Image recognition is a pervasive task in many information-processing environments. We present a solution to a difficult pattern recognition problem that lies at the heart of experimental particle physics. Future experiments with very high-intensity beams will produce a spray of thousands of particles in each beam-target or beam-beam collision. Recognizing the trajectories of these particles as they traverse layers of electronic sensors is a massive image recognition task that has never been accomplished in real time. We present a real-time processing solution that is implemented in a commercial field-programmable gate array using high-level synthesis. It is an unsupervised learning algorithm that uses techniques of graph computing. A prime application is the low-latency analysis of dark-matter signatures involving metastable charged particles that manifest as disappearing tracks.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2011

Hadron interactions from SU(2) lattice QCD

We evaluate interhadron interactions in quenched two-color lattice QCD from Bethe-Salpeter amplitudes, concentrating on S-wave scattering states of two scalar diquarks (uC{gamma}5d). Between two identical scalar diquarks, we observe repulsion in short-range region. We define and evaluate the 'quark-exchange part' in the interaction, which is induced by adding quark-exchange diagrams, or equivalently, by introducing Pauli blocking among some of quarks. The repulsive force in short-distance region arises only from the 'quark-exchange part', and disappears when quark-exchange diagrams are omitted, which is qualitatively consistent with the constituent-quark model picture that a color-magnetic interaction among quarks is the origin of repulsion. We also find a universal long-range attractive force, which enters in any flavor channels of two scalar diquarks and whose interaction range and strength are quark-mass independent.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Hadronic particles made of multi-{rho}(770) mesons

We summarize the work [1] where we studied the few body system made of several {rho}(770) mesons. Based on the very strong interaction of two {rho}(770) vector mesons in spin 2 and isospin 0, we show that the resonances {rho}3(1690)(3{sup --}), f4(2050)(4{sup ++}), {rho}5(2350)(5{sup --}) and f6(2510)(6{sup ++}) can be interpreted as few body systems made of an increasing number of {rho}(770) particles. The fixed center approximation of the Faddeev equations is used in order to write the multi-body interaction in terms of the elementary two-body scattering amplitudes. Very good agreement with the experimental masses is found. An extension of the model to include also the interaction with K*(895) is discussed.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

From hadrons to nuclei with charm and bottom flavors

We discuss new exotic nuclei which contain D-bar and B mesons. As simplest systems, we consider D-bar(B) bound systems with one nucleon and two nucleons. With respecting to the heavy quark symmetry, we derive the one pion exchange potential as a long range force as an interaction between D-bar(B) meson and nucleon. We solve the Schroedinger equation with coupled channels, and investigate the D-barN (BN) bound states. We further discuss the possibility of existence of D-barNN (BNN). We discuss the possible observations of these exotic states in experiments in accelerator facilities.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Studies of heavy hadron physics

In the diquark picture, we establish Bethe-Salpeter equations for ground states of heavy baryons containing one heavy quark and two heavy quarks in the heavy quark limit, respectively. The Bethe-Salpeter equations for both heavy and light diquarks are also established. Assuming kernels to consist of a scalar confinement term and a one-gluon-exchange term we solve Bethe-Salpeter wave functions numerically in the covariant instantaneous approximation and give some applications including semileptonic and nonleptonic decay widths of heavy baryons, the average kinetic energy of the heavy quark in {Lambda}{sub Q}, {Sigma}{sub Q}{sup (*)}{yields}{Lambda}{sub Q}+{pi} decay widths, and heavy quark distribution functions. We also study possible molecular heavy bound states in the Bethe-Salpeter approach. Proof of QCD factorization for {Lambda}{sub b}{yields}{Lambda}{sub c}{pi} is presented in the framework of QCD factorization.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2015

Novel chemical species of Santilli’s magnegas in hadronic chemistry

In this paper we have reviewed the novel chemical species, the magnecules, synthesized by Santilli that comprises of individual atoms, radicals and ordinary molecules bonded through the magnetic attractive forces originating out of toroidal polarization of the orbitals of atomic electrons under strong magnetic fields. The main focus of this paper is to review the fabulous applications of Santill’s magnegas. The novel magnecular species of hydrogen and oxygen find their place in fuel industry especially in fuel cells with the increase in its power, efficiency and total output. In this account we have also considered the flame temperature report of the new magnecular species of gases. We emphasize the importance of this new field.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2015

Probing short-lived fluctuations in hadrons and nuclei

We develop a picture of dipole-nucleus (namely dilute-dense) and dipole-dipole (dilute-dilute) scattering in the high-energy regime based on the analysis of the fluctuations in the quantum evolution. We emphasize the difference in the nature of the fluctuations probed in these two processes respectively, which, interestingly enough, leads to observable differences in the scattering amplitude profiles.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2018

From hadrons to quarks in neutron stars: a review

In recent years our understanding of neutron stars has advanced remarkably, thanks to research converging from many directions. The importance of understanding neutron star behavior and structure has been underlined by the recent direct detection of gravitational radiation from merging neutron stars. The clean identification of several heavy neutron stars, of order two solar masses, challenges our current understanding of how dense matter can be sufficiently stiff to support such a mass against gravitational collapse. Furthermore, programs underway to determine simultaneously the mass and radius of neutron stars will continue to constrain and inform theories of neutron star interiors. At the same time, an emerging understanding in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) of how nuclear matter can evolve into deconfined quark matter at high baryon densities is leading to advances in understanding the equation of state of the matter under the extreme conditions in neutron star interiors.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗