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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,171 records · Page 65
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2025

Heat transfer and visual observation of pool boiling of next-generation low-pressure refrigerant: R1336mzz(Z)

R1336mzz(Z) is a non-flammable and non-toxic hydrofluoroolefin (HFO), which is a potential alternative working fluid for multiple applications such as centrifugal chillers, industrial high temperature heat pumps, and Organic Rankine Cycles. Pool boiling is one of the primary heat transfer modes in shell-and-tube evaporators, and there is limited data for R1336mzz(Z) due to its recent introduction. This study investigated the pool boiling characteristics of R1336mzz(Z) using a closed-loop apparatus. Heat transfer coefficients on a smooth aluminum surface were measured at various heat fluxes with a heating block, and the results were compared to predictions from various correlations. Additionally, a high-speed camera was employed to visualize and analyze the pool boiling behavior of this next-generation low-pressure refrigerant.

Yang, Cheng-Min [ORNL]↗
DOE OSTI2022

UAE6 - Wind Tunnel Tests Data - UAE6 - Sequence P - Raw Data

Sequence P: Wake Flow Visualization, Upwind (P) This test sequence used an upwind, rigid turbine with a 0° cone angle. The wind speed ranged from 5 m/s to 15 m/s. Yaw angles of 0° to –60° were achieved. The blade tip pitch was 3°. The rotor rotated at 72 RPM. Blade and probe pressure measurements were collected. The teeter dampers were replaced with rigid links, and these two channels were flagged as not applicable by setting the measured values in the data file to –99999.99 Nm. The teeter link load cell was pre-tensioned to 40,000 N. The aluminum blade tip designed to contain a smoke generator was installed, and counterweights were installed in the non-instrumented blade tip to compensate. The turbine was positioned at the appropriate yaw angle, and the smoke generator was ignited remotely. The campaign duration was 3 minutes for all tests except P1000000, which was 2 minutes. The file name convention was the standard format except for P10000A0, which indicated a 3° pitch angle. File P1000000 used a 12° pitch angle. After these two campaigns were collected, it was determined that all subsequent data should be collected with a 3° pitch angle. Pressure data were not acquired during this sequence, so all associated data values were flagged as not applicable by setting the measured values in the data file to 0.000 Pa. Corresponding pressure data are available from Sequence H for the 3° pitch angle test points. Flow visualization data obtained from wall- and ceiling-mounted video cameras were recorded to videotape. The camera locations and calibration procedures are described in Appendix J.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
NASA NTRS1993

Sculpting in cyberspace: Parallel processing the development of new software

Stimulating creativity in problem solving, particularly where software development is involved, is applicable to many disciplines. Metaphorical thinking keeps the problem in focus but in a different light, jarring people out of their mental ruts and sparking fresh insights. It forces the mind to stretch to find patterns between dissimilar concepts, in the hope of discovering unusual ideas in odd associations (Technology Review January 1993, p. 37). With a background in Engineering and Visual Design from MIT, I have for the past 30 years pursued a career as a sculptor of interdisciplinary monumental artworks that bridge the fields of science, engineering and art. Since 1979, I have pioneered the application of computer simulation to solve the complex problems associated with these projects. A recent project for the roof of the Carnegie Science Center in Pittsburgh made particular use of the metaphoric creativity technique described above. The problem-solving process led to the creation of hybrid software combining scientific, architectural and engineering visualization techniques. David Steich, a Doctoral Candidate in Electrical Engineering at Penn State, was commissioned to develop special software that enabled me to create innovative free-form sculpture. This paper explores the process of inventing the software through a detailed analysis of the interaction between an artist and a computer programmer.

Fisher, Rob↗
DOE OSTI2024

Cyber-Informed Engineering: Cybersecurity for Microgrids Workshop Workbook

This case study workbook provides a hypothetical project to support discussion and application of the principles for Cyber-Informed Engineering. Participants in the workshop are encouraged to use the workbook to capture insights and lessons learned. The provided attachment to this workbook contains the visuals for the hypothetical project scope and is used by participants as they capture insights and lessons learned. Though some elements of this scenario are provided for consideration, there are likely key facts which have been omitted or may be unclear. Participants are encouraged to make any needed assumptions about the project to enable application of the CIE principles. Though this project is based on real-world case studies, it is fictional.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2019

Improving FERRY: Visualization, Refactoring, and Testing

The Frontier Experiment RegistRY System (FERRY) is a metadata database that contains information about employees, the groups and experiments they belong to, and grid mapping and quota management for the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. It is predominantly used to acquire user information. FERRY is accessed through the use of APIs (Application Programming Interface), shown in Figure 1. Corresponding attributes are then displayed for the user in JSON (Java Script Object Notation) format. The goal of this project has been to build upon and improve aspects of FERRY. Including the refactoring of the code, building a visual interface, and creating a testing system for FERRY’s APIs.

Segura, Antonio Thomas↗
NASA NTRS2012

Earth Science Datacasting v2.0

The Datacasting software, which consists of a server and a client, has been developed as part of the Earth Science (ES) Datacasting project. The goal of ES Datacasting is to provide scientists the ability to automatically and continuously download Earth science data that meets a precise, predefined need, and then to instantaneously visualize it on a local computer. This is achieved by applying the concept of podcasting to deliver science data over the Internet using RSS (Really Simple Syndication) XML feeds. By extending the RSS specification, scientists can filter a feed and only download the files that are required for a particular application (for example, only files that contain information about a particular event, such as a hurricane or flood). The extension also provides the ability for the client to understand the format of the data and visualize the information locally. The server part enables a data provider to create and serve basic Datacasting (RSS-based) feeds. The user can subscribe to any number of feeds, view the information related to each item contained within a feed (including browse pre-made images), manually download files associated with items, and place these files in a local store. The client-server architecture enables users to: a) Subscribe and interpret multiple Datacasting feeds (same look and feel as a typical mail client), b) Maintain a list of all items within each feed, c) Enable filtering on the lists based on different metadata attributes contained within the feed (list will reference only data files of interest), d) Visualize the reference data and associated metadata, e) Download files referenced within the list, and f) Automatically download files as new items become available.

Bingham, Andrew W.↗
NASA NTRS2016

Supporting Hydrometeorological Research and Applications with Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Products and Services

Precipitation is an important dataset in hydrometeorological research and applications such as flood modeling, drought monitoring, etc. On February 27, 2014, the NASA Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission was launched to provide the next-generation global observations of rain and snow (http:pmm.nasa.govGPM). The GPM mission consists of an international network of satellites in which a GPM Core Observatory satellite carries both active and passive microwave instruments to measure precipitation and serve as a reference standard, to unify precipitation measurements from a constellation of other research and operational satellites. The NASA Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Services Center (DISC) hosts and distributes GPM data. The GES DISC is home to the data archive for the GPM predecessor, the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). GPM products currently available include the following:1. Level-1 GPM Microwave Imager (GMI) and partner radiometer products2. Goddard Profiling Algorithm (GPROF) GMI and partner products (Level-2 and Level-3)3. GPM dual-frequency precipitation radar and their combined products (Level-2 and Level-3)4. Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) products (early, late, and final run)GPM data can be accessed through a number of data services (e.g., Simple Subset Wizard, OPeNDAP, WMS, WCS, ftp, etc.). A newly released Unified User Interface or UUI is a single interface to provide users seamless access to data, information and services. For example, a search for precipitation products will not only return TRMM and GPM products, but also other global precipitation products such as MERRA (Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications), GLDAS (Global Land Data Assimilation Systems), etc.New features and capabilities have been recently added in GIOVANNI to allow exploring and inter-comparing GPM IMERG (Integrated Multi-satelliE Retrievals for GPM) half-hourly and monthly precipitation products as well as other precipitation products such as TRMM, MERRA, NLDAS, GLDAS, etc. GIOVANNI is a web-based tool developed by the GES DISC, to visualize and analyze Earth science data without having to download data and software. During the GPM era, the GES DISC will continue to develop and provide data services for supporting applications. We will update and enhance existing TRMM applications (Current Conditions, the USDA Crop Explorer, etc.) with higher spatial resolution IMERG products. In this presentation, we will present GPM data products and services with examples.

GPM↗
DOE OSTI2022

CALORIE: A Constraint Language and Optimizing Runtime for Exascale Power Management (Final Report)

This final technical report summarizes the key accomplishments on the CALORIE project, a DOE Early Career award received by PI Henry Hoffmann at the University of Chicago. CALORIE’s main goal was to create principled methodologies, tools, and practices to help scientists and high-performance computing (HPC) operators maximize the performance and insights obtained from scientific computing applications in the face of exascale power constraints. The project accomplished these goals by completing the following objectives: • Designing a language for describing application goals (including constraints and objectives) and system capabilities. The application goals will include things like which simulations or simulations plus in situ analysis will be run together, what the power constraints are, and what requirements there are for in situ analysis (for example, a desired frame rate for visualization). The system capabilities include all components that can be adjusted to tradeoff power and performance. • Designing a runtime system that takes specified goals and capabilities and dynamically determines what capabilities to use to meet the goals. This runtime adapts to changes in goals, application behavior, or available capabilities to automatically maintain the goals despite unexpected disturbances. • Developing a foundational understanding of how power constraints affect the problem of scheduling applications in large-scale systems. This report provides an overview of the accomplishments related to each of these key objectives.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2020

FLOP for FLAG Output Plotting

The Los Alamos hydrodynamics code, FLAG, is capable of dumping many types of output for many different variables in an array of formats. While some outputs are best viewed in a multidimensional engineering analysis visualization software, others are best viewed as 1-D “this versus that” curves. During development of a FLAG model, it is frequently required to quickly assess a model’s performance by reviewing such curves, and doing so may involve writing scripts repeatedly, adapting them each time to a specific model’s parameters. This report describes an application developed specifically to improve user efficiency in reviewing 1-D curve dumps from FLAG.

42 ENGINEERING↗
NASA NTRS2008

Venus Quadrangle Geological Mapping: Use of Geoscience Data Visualization Systems in Mapping and Training

We are currently investigating new technological developments in computer visualization and analysis in order to assess their importance and utility in planetary geological analysis and mapping [1,2]. Last year we reported on the range of technologies available and on our application of these to various problems in planetary mapping [3]. In this contribution we focus on the application of these techniques and tools to Venus geological mapping at the 1:5M quadrangle scale. In our current Venus mapping projects we have utilized and tested the various platforms to understand their capabilities and assess their usefulness in defining units, establishing stratigraphic relationships, mapping structures, reaching consensus on interpretations and producing map products. We are specifically assessing how computer visualization display qualities (e.g., level of immersion, stereoscopic vs. monoscopic viewing, field of view, large vs. small display size, etc.) influence performance on scientific analysis and geological mapping. We have been exploring four different environments: 1) conventional desktops (DT), 2) semi-immersive Fishtank VR (FT) (i.e., a conventional desktop with head-tracked stereo and 6DOF input), 3) tiled wall displays (TW), and 4) fully immersive virtual reality (IVR) (e.g., "Cave Automatic Virtual Environment," or Cave system). Formal studies demonstrate that fully immersive Cave environments are superior to desktop systems for many tasks [e.g., 4].

Head, James W.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Analysis of ZTE MRI application to sandstone and carbonate

Micro-tomography (μCT) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have been used to characterize porous media for decades. Here, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) enables direct visualization of pore architecture and many pulse sequences exist. In this work, we tested the MRI pulse sequence Zero Echo Time (ZTE) to study sandstone and carbonate for its ability to address short relaxation times. We aimed at resolving two fluid conduit scales, i.e. pores and fractures. In this research, we study tighter porous systems than those previously reported using ZTE. Additionally, Pore Cluster Analysis (PCA), combined with ZTE, can be used to analyze pore-fracture connectivity of relatively large core plugs. We show that ZTE can resolve two-scale pore systems simultaneously, i.e. fractures and pores. By combining Time-Domain NMR pore-size analysis and PCA, we show that careful selection of resolution is necessary to understand transport in porous media.

02 PETROLEUM↗
DOE OSTI2018

Dual-Energy CT Pulmonary Angiography: Quantification of Disease Burden and Impact on Management

Purpose of Review: Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) has become the imaging modality of choice for patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). Post-processing techniques currently available for dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography (DE-CTPA) enhance image quality and provide additional value in the diagnosis of PE. The objective of this article is to summarize these recent developments and discuss the appropriate use of DE-CTPA post-processing applications. Recent Findings: DE-CTPA post-processing applications enable reconstruction of virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) and color-coded iodine-perfusion maps to increase contrast conditions and visualize lung perfusion defects in case of embolic occlusion of pulmonary arteries. Both techniques revealed a superior diagnostic performance for the detection of pulmonary emboli and assessment of the pulmonary perfusion compared to the standard image reconstructions. Summary: DE-CTPA is a well-established method for excluding or diagnosing PE. Continued developments in DE-CTPA post-processing techniques improve patient management and allow for a quantification of disease burden.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗
DOE OSTI2018

Strong-field optoelectronics in solids

Here, perturbative optical nonlinearities induced by static electric fields have proven useful in visualizing dynamical function in systems including operating circuits, electric and magnetic domain walls, and biological matter, and in controlling light for applications in silicon photonics. Here, we extend field-induced second-harmonic generation to the non-perturbative regime. We demonstrate that static or transient fields up to terahertz (THz) frequencies applied to silicon and ZnO crystals generate even-order high harmonics. Images of the even harmonics confirm that static fields delivered with conventional electronics control the spatial properties of the high-harmonic emission. Extending our methodology to higher-harmonic photon energies paves the way for realizing active optics in the extreme ultraviolet and will allow imaging of operating electronic circuits, of Si-photonic devices and of other functional materials, with higher spatio-temporal resolution than perturbative methods. For THz spectroscopy, our method has the bandwidth to allow measurement of attosecond transients imprinted on THz waveforms.

71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗
DOE OSTI2025

Ziti (Ziti Client) [SWR-25-91]

Ziti is a NOODLES client application for RealityKit-powered devices (specifically the Apple Vision Pro). NOODLES is a cross-platform/device/tool protocol for collaborative visualization. NOODLES was Developed at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) as a capability of the Insight Center https://www.nrel.gov/computational-science/insight-center.html

Brunhart-Lupo, Nicholas [National Renewable Energy↗
DOE OSTI2018

Modeling City Building Stock for Large-Scale Energy Efficiency Improvements using CityBES

Buildings in San Francisco consumed 52% of total primary energy. Improving building energy efficiency is one of the key strategies cities are adopting towards their energy and climate goals. Urban building energy models (UBEM) can support city managers to evaluate and prioritize energy conservation measures for investment and to design effective incentive and rebate programs. This paper introduces methods to develop a standardized dataset of city building stock, and it demonstrates the use of a UBEM tool, City Building Energy Saver (CityBES), for an urban-scale energy retrofit analysis of building stock in the city of San Francisco. CityBES is an open web-based data and computing platform providing city-scale building energy modeling and performance visualization and benchmarking. CityBES utilizes an international standard CityGML to represent the three-dimensional building stock in cities. As an application example, 940 office and retail buildings in six districts of northeast San Francisco were modeled and analyzed with CityBES to evaluate energy savings for five selected measures. The analysis found that replacing existing lighting with LED and adding an air economizer to HVAC systems are cost-effective measures with combined savings per building between 17% to 31%. The CityBES retrofit analysis feature does not require users to have deep knowledge of building systems or building energy models, which helps overcome barriers for city managers and their consultants to adopt UBEM.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2019

Synchrophasor Visual Integration and Event Evaluation for Utilities (SynchroVIEEU) with High Penetration of Renewables

The Hawaiian Electric Companies (Companies), operating independent grid systems on the islands of Oahu, Hawaii, Maui, Molokai and Lanai, have been contending with some of the highest levels of renewable generation from both utility-scale and distributed generation resources. Renewable penetration levels exceeding 50% of generation are some of the highest in the nation and are changing the system characteristics and requiring operational changes to grid management. The Companies have aggressively leveraged federal, multi-state and industry grant funding to demonstrate new technologies for monitoring, visualization, forecasting and analysis to inform transformation needs and to improve operational awareness, especially at the distribution level. As part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) supported efforts to facilitate integration of renewables, synchrophasor devices were deployed on the islands of Hawaii and Maui in 2010. The devices have potential to provide Hawaii Electric Light Company (HELCO) on Hawaii Island and Maui Electric Company (MECO) with additional information to support post-event analysis and to help quantify observed area-wide changes in voltage and frequency on the systems. Consistent with the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE) FOA objectives, the goal of this project was to accelerate the integration of synchrophasor information into production grade data visualization and analysis platforms/models to inform timely, efficient and reliable operations of a modern grid in light of high penetrations of renewable resources. The project comprised a two-year development effort to investigate the integration and visualization of synchrophasor field data into production-ready transmission and distribution proactive modeling efforts and a common data analysis platform application currently being used by the Companies. Conceptually, the project was about getting the right data to the right people at the right time in an easily accessible and timely environment.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2019

NEAMS Workbench Status and Capabilities

The mission of the US Department of Energy’s Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program is to develop, apply, deploy, and support state-of-the-art predictive modeling and simulation tools for the design and analysis of current and future nuclear energy systems. This is accomplished by using computing architectures that range from laptops to leadership-class facilities. The NEAMS Workbench is a new initiative that will facilitate the transition from conventional tools to high fidelity tools by providing a common user interface for model creation, review, execution, output review, and visualization for integrated codes. The Workbench can use common user input, including engineering-scale specifications that are expanded into application-specific input requirements through the use of customizable templates. The templating process can enable multifidelity analysis of a system from a common set of input data. Additionally, the common user input processor can provide an enhanced alternative application input that provides additional conveniences over the native input, especially for legacy codes. Expansion of the integrated codes and application templates available in the Workbench will broaden the NEAMS user community and will facilitate system analysis and design. Current and planned capabilities of the NEAMS Workbench are detailed here.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2019

VERAView API and Programmer's Guide (Milestone L3:PHI.MQA-1.P19.03)

VERAView's component-based design facilitates extension and integration into other applications and systems. In addition to describing VERAView's architecture and components, this document provides details on the component application programming interfaces (API), illustrates how to use them independently of VERAView itself, and explains how to extend VERAView with custom visualizations.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗