Measurement of the Cross Section for e + e − → Hadrons at Energies from 2.2324 to 3.6710 GeV
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72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
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SU-G-JeP1-13: Innovative Tracking Detector for Dose Monitoring in Hadron Therapy: Realization and Monte Carlo Simulations
Purpose: Development of strategies to monitor range uncertainties is necessary to improve treatment planning in Charged Particle Therapy (CPT) and fully exploit the advantages of ion beams. Our group developed (within the framework of the INSIDE project funded by the Italian research ministry) and is currently building a compact detector Dose Profiler (DP) able to backtrack charged secondary particles produced in the patient during the irradiation. Furthermore we are studying monitoring strategy exploiting charged secondary emission profiles to control the range of the ion beam. Methods: This contribution reports on the DP detector design and construction status. The detector consists of a charged secondary tracker composed of scintillating fiber layers and a LYSO calorimeter for particles energy measurement.The detector layout has been optimized using the FLUKA Monte Carlo (MC) simulation software. The simulation of a 220 MeV Carbon beam impinging on a PMMA target has been performed to study the detector response, exploiting previous secondary radiation measurements performed by our group. The emission profile of charged secondary particles was reconstructed backtracking the particles to their generation point to benchmark the DP performances. Results: The DP construction status, including the technological details will be presented. The feasibility of range monitoring with DP will be demonstrated by means of MC studies. The correlation of the charged secondary particles emission shape with the position of the Bragg peak (BP) will be shown, as well as the spatial resolution achievable on the BP position estimation (less than 3 mm) in the clinical like conditions. Conclusion: The simulation studies supported the feasibility of an accurate range monitoring technique exploiting the use of charged secondary fragments emitted during the particle therapy treatment. The DP experimental tests are foreseen in 2016, at CNAO particle therapy center in Pavia.
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
The simplest and universal constituents for description of leptons and hadrons
Here I discuss a possibility to connect quantum numbers of elementary particles with their structure on the base of four connected components of Lorentz group. The complete and closed (with respect to homogenous Lorentz group) series of equations for description of lepton sector forms the pattern and ground for the present project.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
New results of measurement of cross sections for electron-positron annihilation to hadrons with the SND detector at VEPP-2000
A survey of preliminary results of experiments with the SND detector at the VEPP-2000 e{sup +}e{sup −} collider in the energy range of √s = 1000–2000 MeV MeV is presented. The cross sections for the processes e{sup +}e{sup −} → π{sup 0}π{sup 0}γ, e{sup +}e{sup −} → π{sup +}π{sup −}π{sup 0}π{sup 0}, e{sup +}e{sup −} → π{sup +}π{sup −}π{sup 0}, e{sup +}e{sup −} → π{sup +}π{sup −}η, and e{sup +}e{sup −} → pp̄ were measured. The measured cross sections agree with the results of earlier measurements but have a higher precision. The cross section for the process e{sup +}e{sup −} → ηγ in the energy range extending from 1.4 to 2 GeV was measured for the first time. The ratio G{sub E}/G{sub M} for the neutron was measured for the first time in the timelike region.
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
Understanding PT results for decays of τ-leptons into hadrons
We review some of our results obtained in the field of the structure of PT series in high orders and its resummation in some particular circumstances.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Energy scan of cross sections for e{sup +}e{sup –} annihilation into quarkonia and light hadrons in the Belle experiment
The cross sections of the reactions e{sup +}e{sup –} → ϒ(nS)π{sup +}π{sup −} (n = 1, 2,3) and e{sup +}e{sup –} → h{sub b}(nP)π{sup +}π{sup −} (n = 1, 2) are measured as a function of the cms collision energy from their thresholds up to 11.02 GeV using the data of the Belle experiment operating at the KEKB e{sup +}e{sup –} collider. The peaks of the ϒ(10 860) and ϒ(11020) resonances are observed in the cross sections with an insignificant contribution of the continuum. The decay ϒ(11020) → h{sub b}(nP)π{sup +}π{sup −} is found to fully proceed through intermediate isovector states Z{sub b}(10610) and Z{sub b}(10650).
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
TMDs and SSAs in hadronic interactions
Here we present an overview on the current experimental and phenomenological status of transverse single spin asymmetries (tSSAs) in proton-proton collisions. In particular, we focus on large- pT inclusive pion, photon, jet, pion-jet production and Drell-Yan processes. For all of them theoretical estimates are given in terms of a generalised parton model (GPM) based on a transverse momentum dependent (TMD) factorisation scheme. We also make comparisons with the corresponding results in a collinear twist-3 formalism and in a modified GPM approach. On the experimental side, a selection of the most interesting and recent results from RHIC is presented.
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
Computing Properties of Hadrons, Nuclei and Nuclear Matter from Quantum Chromodynamics (LQCD)
Building on the success of two preceding generations of Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing (SciDAC) projects, this grant supported the MIT component (P.I. John Negele) of a multi-institutional SciDAC-3 project that also included Brookhaven National Laboratory, the lead laboratory with P. I. Frithjof Karsch serving as Project Director, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility with P. I. David Richards serving as Co-director, University of Washington with P. I. Martin Savage, University of North Carolina with P. I. Rob Fowler, and College of William and Mary with P. I. Andreas Stathopoulos. Nationally, this multi-institutional project coordinated the software development effort that the nuclear physics lattice QCD community needs to ensure that lattice calculations can make optimal use of forthcoming leadership-class and dedicated hardware, including that at the national laboratories, and to exploit future computational resources in the Exascale era.
73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
Compact, Low-Cost, Light-Weight, Superconducting, Ironless Cyclotrons for Hadron Radiotherapy (Final Report)
This is the final report of a conceptual design study to demonstrate the feasibility of an ironless, superconducting synchrocyclotron for use as a particle accelerator in the clinical treatment of cancer using proton beam radiotherapy (PBRT). Furthermore, the ironless synchrocyclotron approach can be scaled up to accelerate light ions up to carbon, offering significant treatment advantages over conventional proton therapies, and offers a path for more rapid introduction of this technology to clinical uses.
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
U.S. – Japan Research and Development Report on SiD Hadron Calorimeter Studies
The measurement of energy in the SiD Detector for the future International Linear Collider in Japan has been studied. Energy resolutions compared to experimental measurements are reported.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
PREFACE: A Search for Long-Lived Particles at the Large Hadron Collider
The Standard Model (SM) fails to explain many problems (neutrino masses, dark matter, and matter–antimatter asymmetry, among others) that may be resolved with new particles beyond the SM. No observation of such new particles may be explained either by their exceptionally high mass or by considerably small coupling to SM particles. The latter case implies relatively long lifetimes. Such long-lived particles (LLPs) then to have signatures different from those of SM particles. Searches in the “central region” are covered by the LHC general purpose experiments. The forward small angle region far from the interaction point (IP) is unexplored. Such particles are expected to have the energy as large as E = O(1 TeV) and Lorentz time dilation factor γ = E/m ≈ 10 2 –10 3 (with m the particle mass) hence long enough decay distances. A new class of specialized LHC detectors dedicated to LLP searches has been proposed for the forward regions. Among these experiments, FASER is already operational, and FACET is under consideration at a location 100 m from the LHC IP5 (the CMS detector intersection). However, some features of FACET require a specially enlarged beam pipe, which cannot be implemented for LHC Run 4. In this study, we explore a simplified version of the proposed detector PREFACE compatible with the standard LHC beam pipe in the HL-LHC Run 4. Realistic G EANT 4 simulations are performed and the background is evaluated. An initial analysis of the physics potential with the PREFACE geometry indicates that several significant channels could be accessible with sensitivities comparable to FACET and other LLP searches.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Rare Hadronic B Decays to Vector, Axial-Vector and Tensors
The authors review BABAR measurements of several rare B decays, including vector-axial-vector decays B{sup {+-}} {yields} {phi}K{sub 1}{sup {+-}}(1270), B{sup {+-}} {yields} {phi} K{sub 1}{sup {+-}}(1400) and B{sup {+-}} {yields} b{sub 1}{sup {-+}}{rho}{sup {+-}}, vector-vector decays B{sup {+-}} {yields} {phi}K*{sup {+-}}(1410), B{sup 0} {yields} K*{sup 0}{bar K}*{sup 0}, B{sup 0} {yields} K*0K*0 and B{sup 0} {yields} K*+K*-, vector-tensor decays B{sup {+-}} {yields} {phi}K*{sub 2}(1430){sup {+-}} and {phi}K{sub 2}(1770)/{sup {+-}}(1820), and vector-scalar decays B{sup {+-}} {yields} {phi}K*{sub 0}(1430){sup {+-}}. Understanding the observed polarization pattern requires amplitude contributions from an uncertain source.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Development of a Superconducting RF Deflecting System for Hadron Accelerators
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
Search for signatures of extra dimensions in the diphoton mass spectrum at the Large Hadron Collider
A search for signatures of extra dimensions in the diphoton invariant-mass spectrum has been performed with the CMS detector at the LHC. No excess of events above the standard model expectation is observed using a data sample collected in proton-proton collisions at {radical}s = 7 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.2 fb{sup -1}. In the context of the large-extra-dimensions model, lower limits are set on the effective Planck scale in the range of 2.3-3.8 TeV at the 95% confidence level. These limits are the most restrictive bounds on virtual-graviton exchange to date. The most restrictive lower limits to date are also set on the mass of the first graviton excitation in the Randall-Sundrum model in the range of 0.86-1.84 TeV, for values of the associated coupling parameter between 0.01 and 0.10.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Progress on the upgrade of the CMS Hadron Calorimeter Front-End electronics
We present a scheme to upgrade the CMS HCAL front-end electronics in the second long shutdown to upgrade the LHC (LS2), which is expected to occur around 2018. The HCAL electronics upgrade is required to handle the major instantaneous luminosity increase (up to 5 * 10{sup 34} cm{sup -2} s{sup -1}) and an expected integrated luminosity of {approx}3000 fb{sup -1}. A key aspect of the HCAL upgrade is to read out longitudinal segmentation information to improve background rejection, energy resolution, and electron isolation at the L1 trigger. This paper focuses on the requirements for the new electronics and on the proposed solutions. The requirements include increased channel count, additional timing capabilities, and additional redundancy. The electronics are required to operate in a harsh environment and are constrained by the existing infrastructure. The proposed solutions span from chip level to system level. They include the development of a new ASIC ADC, the design and testing of higher speed transmitters to handle the increased data volume, the evaluation and use of circuits from other developments, evaluation of commercial FPGAs, better thermal design, and improvements in the overall readout architecture. We will report on the progress of the designs for these upgraded systems, along with performance requirements and initial design studies.
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
Hadron Spectroscopy Program with CLAS g12
Some conclusions from this presentation are: (1) previous CLAS result on exotic {pi}{sub 1}(1600)/{alpha}{sub 2}(1320) in photoproduction confirmed with higher statistics; (2) previous CLAS result on {gamma}p {yields} pentaquark not confirmed with higher statistics; (3) high luminosity allows exploitation of rare topologies {gamma}p {yields} {phi}{pi}{sup 0}p, {phi}{eta}p, {phi}{omega}p; (4) no observation of any {Xi}* states above 1530 MeV recoiling off of K{sup +}K{sup +} lepton detection permits high statistic study of pseudoscalar dalitz decay; and (5) first observation of {eta}' Dalitz decay, {rho}-{omega} interference via e{sup +}e{sup -} channel.
72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
Search for Gluonic Excitations in Hadrons with GlueX
The GlueX experiment will employ a linearly polarized 9 GeV tagged photon beam incident on a liquid hydrogen target to search for exotic states in the light meson spectrum. Optimized for this purpose, the detector has a highly uniform acceptance over nearly 4p solid angle, with high efficiency for both neutral and charged final state particles. An overview of the physics motivation and detector design will be given.
08 HYDROGEN↗
ISR Hadron Production in e+e- Annihilations and Meson-Photon Transition Form Factors
We present several recent results from the BaBar collaboration in the areas of initial state radiation physics and transition form factors. An updated study of the processes e{sup +}e{sup -} {yields} K{sup +}K{sup -}{pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} and e{sup +}e{sup -} {yields} K{sup +}K{sup -}{pi}{sup 0}{pi}{sup 0} provides an improved understanding of the Y (2175) meson. A very precise study of the process e{sup +}e{sup -} {yields} {pi}{sup +}{pi}{sup -} improves the precision on the calculated anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and provides by far the best information on excited {rho} states. Our previous measurements of the timelike transition form factors (TFF) of the {eta} and {eta}' mesons at Q{sup 2} = 112 GeV{sup 2}, combined with new measurements of the their spacelike TFFs and those of the {pi}{sup 0} and {eta}{sub c} mesons, provide powerful tests of QCD and models of the distribution amplitudes of quarks inside these mesons. The {eta}{sub c} TFF shows the expected behavior over the Q{sup 2} range 1-50 GeV{sup 2}, and we are sensitive to next-to-leading-order QCD corrections. The {eta} and {eta}' TFFs are consistent with expected behavior, but those for the {pi}{sup 0} are not. Extracting the strange and nonstrange components of the {eta} and {eta}' TFFs, we find the nonstrange component to be consistent with theoretical expectations and inconsistent with the measured {pi}{sup 0} TFF.
71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSIC↗