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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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DOE OSTI2019

Method and system for information retrieval and aggregation from inferred user reasoning

The visual analytic system enables information retrieval within large text collections. Typically, users have to directly and explicitly query information to retrieve it. With this system and process, the reasoning of the user is inferred from the user interaction they perform in a visual analytic tool, and the appropriate information to query, process, and visualize is systematically determined.

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗

DOE OSTI2019

Systems, methods and computer program products for electric grid control

Systems, methods and computer program products for maintaining and controlling distributed energy resources (DERs), such as wind, solar, water and storage renewable energy resources, within an acceptable error margin are disclosed. The systems and processes control the energy output of these DERs in real time within the error margin.

Johnson, Jay↗

DOE OSTI2019

Arrangements for communicating data in a computing system using multiple processors

Data employed in computations amongst multiple processors in a computing system is processed so that less bits than a full representation of the data needs to be communicated yet all of the relevant information is communicated. More specifically, a sensitivity value is determined for various items of the data which reflect the number of bits in the data items that are not garbage bits, and only information in the data items that are indicated by the sensitivity value to not be garbage bits are necessarily effectively retained. At least the information that is not garbage bits and the corresponding associated sensitivity are packed together. The results of computations that are performed using the data items as at least one of the operands for the computation are associated with a sensitivity that is derived from the individual sensitivities of the operands used in the computation.

Gonzalez, Juan Guillermo↗

DOE OSTI2019

Biological material fouling assessment systems and methods

Biological material fouling assessment systems and methods are described. According to one aspect, a biological material fouling assessment system includes processing circuitry configured to access image data of an image of a surface of a substrate which has been fouled with biological material, wherein the image data comprises intensity information regarding a plurality of pixels of the image, and wherein the processing circuitry is further configured to process the intensity information regarding the pixels of the image to generate information which is indicative of an amount of the fouling of the biological material upon the surface of the substrate.

42 ENGINEERING↗

DOE OSTI2018

Numerical Simulation Applications in the Design of EGS Collab Experiment 1

The United States Department of Energy, Geothermal Technologies Office (GTO) is funding a collaborative investigation of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) processes at the meso-scale. This study, referred to as the EGS Collab project, is a unique opportunity for scientists and engineers to investigate the creation of fracture networks and circulation of fluids across those networks under in-situ stress conditions. The EGS Collab project is envisioned to comprise three experiments and the site for the first experiment is on the 4850 Level in phyllite of the Precambrian Poorman formation, at the Sanford Underground Research Facility, located at the former Homestake Gold Mine, in Lead, South Dakota. Principal objectives of the project are to develop a number of intermediate-scale field sites and to conduct well-controlled in situ experiments focused on rock fracture behavior and permeability enhancement. Data generated during these experiments will be compared against predictions of a suite of computer codes specifically designed to solve problems involving coupled thermal, hydrological, geomechanical, and geochemical processes. Comparisons between experimental and numerical simulation results will provide code developers with direction for improvements and verification of process models, build confidence in the suite of available numerical tools, and ultimately identify critical future development needs for the geothermal modeling community. Moreover, conducting thorough comparisons of models, modelling approaches, measurement approaches and measured data, via the EGS Collab project, will serve to identify techniques that are most likely to succeed at the Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy (FORGE), the GTO’s flagship EGS research effort. As noted, outcomes from the EGS Collab project experiments will serve as benchmarks for computer code verification, but numerical simulation additionally plays an essential role in designing these meso-scale experiments. This paper describes specific numerical simulations supporting the design of Experiment 1, a field test involving hydraulic stimulation of two fractures from notched sections of the injection borehole and fluid circulation between sub-horizontal injection and production boreholes in each fracture individually and collectively, including the circulation of chilled water. Whereas the mine drift allows for accurate and close placement of monitoring instrumentation to the developed fractures, active ventilation in the drift cooled the rock mass within the experimental volume. Numerical simulations were executed to predict seismic events and magnitudes during stimulation, initial fracture orientations for smooth horizontal wellbores, pressure requirements for fracture initiation from notched wellbores, fracture propagation during stimulation between the injection and production boreholes, tracer travel times between the injection and production boreholes, and produced fluid temperatures with chilled water injections, and pressure limits on fluid circulation to avoid fracture growth.

Numerical Simulation, EGS Collab, EGS, Sanford Und↗

DOE OSTI2017

The Role of Numerical Simulation in the Design of Stimulation and Circulation Experiments for the EGS Collab Project

The United States Department of Energy, Geothermal Technologies Office (GTO) is funding a collaborative investigation of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) processes at the meso-scale. This study, referred to as the EGS Collab project, is a unique opportunity for scientists and engineers to investigate the creation of fracture networks and circulation of fluids across those networks under in-situ stress conditions. The EGS Collab project is envisioned to comprise three experiments and the site for the first experiment is on the 4850 Level in phyllite of the Precambrian Poorman formation, at the Sanford Underground Research Facility, located at the former Homestake Gold Mine, in Lead, South Dakota. Principal objectives of the project are to develop a number of intermediate-scale field sites and to conduct well-controlled in situ experiments focused on rock fracture behavior and permeability enhancement. Data generated during these experiments will be compared against predictions of a suite of computer codes specifically designed to solve problems involving coupled thermal, hydrological, geomechanical, and geochemical processes. Comparisons between experimental and numerical simulation results will provide code developers with direction for improvements and verification of process models, build confidence in the suite of available numerical tools, and ultimately identify critical future development needs for the geothermal modeling community. Moreover, conducting thorough comparisons of models, modelling approaches, measurement approaches and measured data, via the EGS Collab project, will serve to identify techniques that are most likely to succeed at the Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy (FORGE), the GTO’s flagship EGS research effort. As noted, outcomes from the EGS Collab project experiments will serve as benchmarks for computer code verification, but numerical simulation additional plays an essential role in designing these meso-scale experiments. This paper describes specific calculations and numerical simulation approaches conducted in support of the designs for the stimulation and circulation experiments, and their monitoring, including those for predicting seismic energies during stimulation, stimulation pressure requirements, impacts of borehole orientation on fracture development and trajectories, influence of notch shapes on hydraulic fracture initiation, and pressure limits on fluid circulation to avoid fracture growth.

Numerical Simulation, EGS Collab, EGS, Sanford Und↗

DOE OSTI2021

Online Monitoring of Radiochemical Processing Streams for the Plutonium-238 Supply Program

Online monitoring with spectrophotometry is being developed to improve the timeliness of analytical measurements for the Plutonium-238 Supply Program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. A commercially available online monitoring software was used to calculate and view process data in real time to help identify process deviations and optimize system performance. Monitoring detailed process data will improve processing efficiency and help technicians make decisions during hot-cell operations.

Sadergaski, Luke↗

DOE OSTI2021

Heat-pump driven desiccant regeneration

Disclosed herein are systems and processes to thermally regenerate and re-concentrate a liquid desiccant (absorbent) with an electrically driven heat pump. The regeneration and re-concentration may be performed in a cost and energy efficient manner.

Woods, Jason David↗

DOE OSTI2024

Spectroscopic Investigations of Molecular Symmetry Breakdown

This project addressed precise measurements of the spectra of molecules to address fundamental questions in chemical physics in the realm of nuclear spin symmetries and their breakdown in molecules, and parity non-conservation caused by the weak nuclear force. Nuclear spin symmetry is intimately connected to parity in symmetrical molecules and plays a central role in the physical and chemical properties of symmetric molecules, their collisional relaxation, and the establishment of thermodynamic equilibrium in an ensemble. Such effects are present in every molecular system or process, but their small size means they are often only directly observable under special conditions. However, their measurement is of fundamental, and often practical importance, and strongly relates to the themes of coherence in light and matter in the recent Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee (BESAC) report “Challenges at the Frontiers of Matter and Energy: Transformative Opportunities for Discovery Science”.

74 ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR PHYSICS↗

DOE OSTI2022

Optimal Design Formulations for Families of Similar Processes with Applications in Energy Systems

This presentation was delivered at the 2022 INFORMS Annual Meeting.

Stinchfield, Georgia↗

DOE OSTI2022

Membrane absorption process for CO2 capture

Processes and systems for the capture of CO 2 from a CO 2 -containing gas stream are provided. The CO 2 -containing gas stream is passed to a membrane contactor absorber wherein the CO 2 -containing gas contacts or passes a first side of a membrane element while a CO 2 selective solvent with a viscosity between 0.2 and 7 cP contacts, passes or flows on second side of the membrane, opposed to the first side. The CO 2 permeates through the hollow fiber membrane pores and is chemically absorbed into the solvent.

Li, Shiguang↗

DOE OSTI2022

Graphene embedded seal

Systems and processes for forming seals. The seals have graphene embedded in the seal. The graphene-embedded seals exhibit improved wear resistance over seals without graphene.

Erdemir, Ali↗

DOE OSTI2023

Method and apparatus for front end gather/scatter memory coalescing

A system for processing gather and scatter instructions can implement a front-end subsystem, a back-end subsystem, or both. The front-end subsystem includes a prediction unit configured to determine a predicted quantity of coalesced memory access operations required by an instruction. A decode unit converts the instruction into a plurality of access operations based on the predicted quantity, and transmits the plurality of access operations and an indication of the predicted quantity to an issue queue. The back-end subsystem includes a load-store unit that receives a plurality of access operations corresponding to an instruction, determines a subset of the plurality of access operations that can be coalesced, and forms a coalesced memory access operation from the subset. A queue stores multiple memory addresses for a given load-store entry to provide for execution of coalesced memory accesses.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

DOE OSTI2023

Method and apparatus for back end gather/scatter memory coalescing

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

DOE OSTI2023

Systems and methods of electron beam induced processing

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for methods and systems for making structures using an electrospray system while under vacuum. In particular, embodiments of the present disclosure provide for methods and systems for ultra-fast growth of high aspect ratio nano/meso/micro-structures with three dimensional topological complexity and control of phase and composition of the structure formed.

Fedorov, Andrei G.↗

DOE OSTI2023

Error containment for enabling local checkpoint and recovery

Various embodiments include a parallel processing computer system that detects memory errors as a memory client loads data from memory and disables the memory client from storing data to memory, thereby reducing the likelihood that the memory error propagates to other memory clients. The memory client initiates a stall sequence, while other memory clients continue to execute instructions and the memory continues to service memory load and store operations. When a memory error is detected, a specific bit pattern is stored in conjunction with the data associated with the memory error. When the data is copied from one memory to another memory, the specific bit pattern is also copied, in order to identify the data as having a memory error.

Cherukuri, Naveen↗

DOE OSTI2017

Employing Whisper in selecting benchmarks for traditional validation methods

The Nuclear Criticality Safety Program at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) uses a collection of benchmarks developed from the International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments for validation of MCNP. In early 2016, an effort began to expand the benchmark collection to cover a broader range of materials and neutron spectra. The program undertook the task of updating current benchmarks to reflect best practices from Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) for MCNP calculations. Spring of 2016, LANL shared the Whisper code with SNL in a collaborated effort to investigate application of the code to activities at SNL. Whisper is a statistical package developed to support nuclear criticality safety validation efforts. It measures how well benchmarks correlate to a system or process and calculates a USL. Whisper has begun to develop into an asset for the SNL Nuclear Criticality Safety team to determine and reassure benchmarks selected for validation truly correlate process parameters (i.e., fall within an acceptable Area of Applicability). SNL's use of traditional statistical methods, with the abilities of Whisper to identify correlating benchmarks, has facilitated in ensuring confidence in validation and USL determination. (authors)

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗

DOE OSTI2020

On the Road to Achieving Safety Excellence at the Idaho Cleanup Project: The Initial Challenges, Solutions, and Positive Results of Striving to be the Best and Safest in the DOE Complex - 20518

When Fluor Idaho, LLC (Fluor Idaho) assumed the Idaho Cleanup Project Core contract (ICP Core) in mid-2016, it inherited the successful multi-faceted, employee-owned safety programs of two prior contractors supporting cleanup operations at the Idaho National Laboratory Site. Fluor Idaho incorporated the best of both safety programs along with Fluor Corporate's 106-year legacy of safety initiatives and successes. Fluor Idaho integrated the separate programs and cultures under a One Fluor approach - one project, one mission, One Fluor. Job changes, management changes, and procedures, processes, and system changes presented multiple challenges. Those challenges combined with the severe Winter of 2016/2017 resulted in numerous slips, trips, and falls first aids and reportable injuries. The road to safety excellence started off bumpy and stayed that way for some time. Since then, Fluor Idaho has successfully implemented several key initiatives including employee engagement; management engagement and time in the field; communications improvements; safety culture sustainment; injury/illness prevention; organizational learning; and DOE Voluntary Protection Program (VPP) readiness and preparation. Management became more engaged by making more workplace visits and increasing their supervision of 'life critical work' or complex activities. Additional training became mandatory for first-line supervisors and front-line workers. Most recently, Fluor Idaho increased its injury and illness prevention initiatives extensively. In the last year, things have turned around in a dramatic way. This shift is directly attributable to the significant number of initiatives launched in late 2017 and 2018. These initiatives addressed safety performance in the five key areas of the DOE VPP and promoted sustainability of the company's safety culture. The five key areas are: management leadership, employee involvement, work-site analysis, hazard prevention and control, and safety and health training. Employees and managers alike recommitted to making safety the highest value. The result of this laser-like focus on safety and accident and injury prevention is that injuries and first aids are a fraction of what they were. During FY 2019, employees worked more than 4.2 million hours without a serious injury or lost work-day and 1 million hours without a recordable injury. Fluor Idaho is proud of its safety trend. The company invested significant resources in improving its safety record, and that investment is paying off. Other contractors in the DOE Complex can learn and benefit from this discussion of the challenges Fluor Idaho faced, as well as its innovative safety initiatives that are producing results that are being recognized by our U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) customer. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗