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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 127 records · Page 7
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Synthesizing, Compounding, and Characterizing a Heat Labile Polyurethane Foam

Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) is part of the National Laboratory system within US Department of Energy (DOE) • Located within the DOE’s Savanah River Site near Aiken, SC • Operated by Battelle Savannah River Alliance (BSRA) LLC, a consortium of Battelle Laboratories, SRNL, University of South Carolina, Clemson University, South Carolina State University, University of Georgia, and Georgia Tech University.

Kranjc, Mark D.↗
DOE OSTI2024

Harnessing photoautotroph-methanotroph interactions for biogas conversion to fuels and chemicals using binary consortia (Project Final Technical Report)

Industrial, municipal, and agricultural waste streams containing stranded organic carbon represent a significant and underutilized feedstock to produce fuels and chemicals. With anaerobic digestion deployed at large scales to capture organic waste streams, over 6 million tons of biogas are available today. However, the utilization of biogas represents a significant challenge due to its low pressure and presence of contaminants such as H 2 S, ammonia, and volatile organic carbon compounds. To tap into this immense potential, effective biotechnologies that co-utilize both CO 2 and CH 4 are needed. Recent studies demonstrated that, in nature, microbial communities have developed a highly efficient way to recover energy and capture carbon from both CH 4 and CO 2 through metabolic coupling of methane oxidation to oxygenic photosynthesis. Using two synthetic methanotroph – photoautotroph (M-P) co-cultures that exhibit stable growth under a broad range of cultivation conditions, in this project we proposed to harness the interspecies interactions within these cocultures for biogas conversion to fuels and chemicals. To facilitate this overarching objective, we aim to develop experimental and computational tools to gain qualitative and quantitative understandings on the interactions and dynamics of the coculture at both systems and molecular levels, and to validate our findings through experiments and mutant development. The fundamental understanding on the interactions and dynamics of the photoautotroph-methanotroph will lay the foundation for the design and optimization of synthetic binary consortia for production of fuels and chemicals from biogas. We expect the knowledge gained from this project may be generally applicable to other cross-feeding binary consortium, and the tools developed can be adapted to study the interactions and dynamics of other multi-organism platforms.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Shaping the Future of Self-Driving Autonomous Laboratories Workshop

The "Shaping the Future of Self-Driving Autonomous Laboratories" workshop, held in Denver on November 7-8, 2024, brought together leading experts from materials science and computing to address the growing need to revolutionize scientific research through AI-driven autonomous laboratories. The workshop identified critical challenges, including the integration of heterogeneous data, development of AI systems that understand fundamental physical principles, and comprehensive safety protocols. Key recommendations emerged around developing universal laboratory equipment interfaces, implementing automated metadata collection systems, and creating hybrid AI approaches that combine data-driven learning with scientific principles. The workshop emphasized maintaining human oversight while leveraging automation, transforming scientific education to prepare the next generation of researchers, and establishing a national consortium leveraging DOE facilities as anchors for broader collaboration with academia and industry. Participants stressed the urgency of addressing the growing disconnect between human decision-making timescales and modern instrumentation capabilities, highlighting the need for strategic automation while preserving essential human insight and oversight in the research process.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2025

Selection of Global Climate Model Data for Downscaling With Generative Machine Learning and Use in the Power Planning for Alignment of Climate and Energy Systems Project

The range of results from climate models and scenarios is important to the understanding of uncertainty in power planning analysis. A U.S. Department of Energy-funded analytic project called Power Planning for Alignment of Climate and Energy Systems is developing data and analytic methods to reflect the effects of climate change on key variables for power system planning, as part of the Grid Modernization Lab Consortium. This project will select and prepare global climate model results for use in power system planning models. A related report (Evaluation of Global Climate Models for Use in Energy Analysis) assesses the performance of various global climate models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 data archive for their historical skill with respect to energy system performance and for their future projections under multiple climate change scenarios. Building from that report, we describe the selection of a climate scenario (Shared Socioeconomic Pathway [SSP] 2-4.5) and five climate models: TaiESM1, EC-Earth3-CC, GFDL-CM4, EC-Earth3-Veg, and MPI-ESM1-2-HR. We describe the model selection criteria, which were based on the quality of the match between model results under historical conditions and on the representation of the range of future values for several variables. These results will be downscaled via an open-source generative machine learning method called Super-Resolution for Renewable Energy Resource Data with Climate Change Impacts.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Cybersecurity for Energy Delivery Systems

The Cyber Resilient Energy Delivery Consortium (CREDC) started operations on October 1, 2015. The original period of performance ended September 30, 2020. During this span, CREDC developed projects with significant and measurable sector impact, achieved by involving industry partners (asset owners, equipment vendors, and technology providers) early and often, from helping us to identify critical sector needs, to performing pilot deployment and technology adoption. The central project goal was to create a research and development ecosystem where research results lead directly to development of applications and methodologies which are then validated in realistic contexts.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2025

Implementation Guide of Customer-Focused Key Performance Indicators for Electric Vehicle Charging

This report describes how individual and unique messages that are sent over in OCPP sessions and/or transactions are used to calculate the interim set of key performance indicators (KPI) established by ChargeX Consortium’s Working Group 1: Defining the Charging Experience in the report entitles “Customer-Focused Key Performance Indicators for Electric Vehicle Charging.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Using the Principals of Electrochemistry to Understand and Overcome the Complicated Degradation Mechanisms of Silicon Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries [Slides]

Battery technology is the most significant problem facing widespread market adoption of battery electric vehicles (BEVs). The low energy density of state-of-the-art lithium-ion electrode materials leaves BEV owners and prospective buyers with lower ranges than a comparable internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle, and vulnerable to a nascent fast charging network. Silicon has the potential to increase the anode energy density by nearly ten times compared to the incumbent material (graphite) and make BEVs a more competitive transportation option. However, lithiated silicon is extremely reactive towards components of the electrolyte and forms a heterogeneous, complicated, and dynamic solid at its surface known as the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Ideally, the SEI would passivate the silicon surface, but continuous chemical degradation persists even when the battery is not operating. This reactivity reduces silicon anode lifetimes well below the necessary standards for BEVs. The NREL-led Silicon Consortium Project is dedicated to understanding and solving these mechanisms of degradation. Here, I will discuss an electrochemical method that provides deep insights into the silicon interface during battery operation. I will link these observations to fundamental electrochemical principals and how they translate into actionable strategies that extend the lifetime of silicon anodes.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
DOE OSTI2024

Resistive Coatings for High-performance, Low-background MCPs Operating Across Broad Temperature Ranges and at Cryogenic Temperatures

Microchannel plate with improved thermo-electric properties are a high risk, high payoff development undertaken by a consortium of effort that links the Argonne National Lab, the Space-Science Lab at UC Berkeley and the small businesses (Incom Inc.) that will commercialize the advanced technology in open MCPs and LAPPDs. This development will satisfy the needs for new instrumentation for homeland security (non-proliferation) sensors to screen vehicles and cargo for Special Nuclear Materials (SNMs) and scientific detectors for astrophysics, electron microscopy, time-of-flight mass spectrometry, molecular and atomic collision studies, and fluorescence imaging applications in biotechnology and medical imaging products including positron emission tomography (PET scanning).

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Recommendations for Minimum Required Diagnostics Information

The rapid growth of electrified transportation, including light- and medium-duty electric vehicles (EVs) as a mobility solution requires a reliable EV-charging infrastructure. To advance charging reliability, the ChargeX Consortium reports “Recommendations for Minimum Required Error Codes for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure” and “Implementation Guide for Minimum Required Error Codes in Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure” provided recommendations for a set of minimum required error codes (MRECs), their functional and responsibility classifications, and a guide for their implementation, using Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) versions 1.6J4 and 2.0.1.5 These reports outline a recommended practice for consistent error reporting and interpretation, which is essential for communicating issues uniformly across the complex and diverse EV-charging ecosystem. However, MRECs are just one part of diagnosing issues; another critical part is obtaining enough information about the current state and performance of the various charging components to identify root causes for each of the error codes. This additional diagnostics data can be used by technicians or automated systems to understand the context around an issue, allowing for timely resolution, decreased maintenance costs, and increased charging reliability. During everyday operations, data are regularly collected and analyzed across the ecosystem. Although sharing of all that available data would be great for diagnostics, concerns on data ownership, privacy, and original equipment manufacturer (OEM) intellectual property pose a challenge. To overcome this obstacle, this report proposes a set of minimum required diagnostic information (MRDI) and recommends that the industry implement these uniformly across the North American EV charging ecosystem. MRDI provides a means to exchange only data deemed necessary for root cause determination.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2025

CAMAS 2025: Continuing to Advance Arctic Marine Science

The Consortium for the Advancement of Marine Arctic Science (CAMAS) held its second annual Workshop and Early-Career School in Seattle, WA, on April 15-18, 2025. The workshop attracted 74 participants, including a dozen scientists from Europe (8) and Asia (4). The goal of CAMAS is to facilitate and enhance international collaboration on marine Arctic science, in order to advance the understanding and model representation of key marine Arctic processes that contribute to the rapid changes in the Arctic Earth system. These rapid changes have profound impacts on operations in the Arctic, including those associated with the national and energy security of the United States. The Early-Career School started the event on Tuesday April 15. Thirty-three early-career scientists (postdocs and students) gathered for lectures and discussions on topics like high-resolution Arctic Ocean and sea ice modeling; biogeochemistry of the Arctic; Machine Learning for Arctic Earth system modeling; and an Arctic perspective on geo-engineering.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Energy Services Interface: Architecture, Requirements, and Agreements

This report continues and extends the development of the Energy Services Interface (ESI) that recently has been led by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Grid Modernization Laboratory Consortium. The ESI is intended to facilitate the coordination of multiple, flexible energy resources that work in tandem to satisfy grid objectives by using performance attributes encoded within an ESI Service Template. The ESI relies on a pair of interfaces, representing the service requestor (the consumer of a service) and a service provider (who manages its resources per the agreed performance attributes) to achieve what is commonly known as a “grid service”. Due to its performance-driven approach, the ESI is hypothesized to be able to satisfy all common grid needs via only six common ESI service types. This report first reviews the status of ESI development, including its fundamental tenets. The report makes three important contributions to ESI development: First, it recognizes the similarity between service level agreements and the contract-like agreements that would be needed between energy service requestors and providers and recommends that ESI service agreements be modeled after the web services agreement specification. Second, whereas prior development efforts had focused on a flat, five-stage lifecycle, this report asserts that the ESI should have three behavioral layers in its architecture—the discovery, agreement, and service layers. Finally, this report offers concrete requirements that should be useful toward the development of the service requestors’ and service providers’ respective communications interfaces.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2025

Design, Optimization, and Control of a 100 kW Electric Traction Motor Meeting or Exceeding DOE 2025 Targets

The overall objective of the electric motor portion of the Electric Drives Technology consortium is to research, develop, and test electric motors for use in electric vehicle applications capable of a peak power greater than 100 kW, power density greater than or equal to 50 kW/l, and a cost less than 3.3 $/kW. To meet the electric traction motor power density and cost targets a number of approaches were pursued simultaneously throughout the course of this project which address all of the major volumetric power density variables. The specific research thrusts at the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) are the following: multiphysics design for increased power density through maximum utilization of active materials, synthesis of electric machine windings and PM flux barriers with controlled space harmonics, high slot fill windings for increased current loadings or efficiency, aggressive cooling strategies, and design studies and prototype construction of candidate electric machines.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2025

FlowDash Geothermal Energy Enhancer: Where is Next Geothermal Resource? Machine Learning + Multiple Datasets => Geothermal Exploration Indication?

This is the presentation delivered at the 2025 GEODE Datathon competition. GEODE is a consortium of experts that addresses technology and knowledge gaps in geothermal energy, leveraging technology and best practices from the oil and gas industry. NETL team was awarded the 1st place in the engineering track. 2025 GEODE Datathon had a total of 42 teams from top universities and several major industrial companies. This awarded work is founded on a robust idea and innovative approach that uses machine learning coupled to multiple datasets to visualize geothermal “sweet” spots/indications in Great Basin based on the data provided from the GEODE Datathon. The use case also leveraged other datasets and demonstrated insightful and valuable indications for geothermal exploration.

Geothermal energy, Machine learning, Multiple Data↗
DOE OSTI2025

UNIFI's Grid-Forming (GFM) Inverter Reference Design: A Tutorial on Modeling, Control, and Experimental Implementation of GFM Inverters

The UNIFI Consortium's tutorial on grid-forming (GFM) inverters provides a comprehensive guide to the modeling, control, and experimental implementation of GFM inverters. As the integration of renewable energy accelerates, the transition from traditional grid following (GFL) to GFM inverters is crucial to ensure stable and sustainable power systems. This document outlines a reference design for three-phase and single-phase GFM inverters developed at the University of Texas at Austin. The tutorial also provides step-by-step guidance for accessing and using UNIFI’s GitHub repository, enabling users to design, build, and test GFM inverters efficiently. By fostering collaboration and equipping users with accessible resources, this initiative aims to drive widespread adoption of GFM technology across academia, utilities, and industries.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2025

Electric Grid Security (EGS) FY24 Annual Report

Sandia’s Electric Grid Security program advances a national vision of a secure, resilient, and affordable electric system for all users. Our achievements reflect a strategic approach combining technology development; modeling, simulation, and data analytics; and partnered demonstrations and outreach to further the adoption of advanced grid and storage technologies. Our FY24 efforts leverage the strengths of our partnerships—spanning Sandia’s core science and technology competencies as well as external technology leaders—to develop the solutions today which enable the grid of tomorrow. Key accomplishments in this report that support our strategy span our technical program areas and include: • The advancement of energy storage technologies, including creation of a national Long Duration Energy Storage Consortium; • Applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning to enhanced grid operations and planning; • Development of solid-state power conversion technologies and a new medium-voltage research lab; • New technologies to assess wildfire vulnerabilities and mitigate potential impacts; • Advanced applications of new cybersecurity technologies with industry partners; • Contributions to understanding the impacts of electromagnetic pulses and geomagnetic disturbances on grid components; and • Digital twin development for hybrid microgrids with multiple generators, storage, and loads.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2025

EVs@Scale NextGen Profiles: EVSE Characterization 2024

As part of the U.S. Department of Energy's EVs@Scale consortium, the Next-Generation Profiles (NextGen Profiles) project presents analysis and results from the characterization of high-power conductive and wireless charging infrastructure. High power charging equipment is capable of recharging electric vehicle traction batteries at power levels of 200KW and above. EVSE characterization was conducted over a wide range of DC output current and DC voltage charging for nominal and off-nominal test conditions. Test plans and procedures were developed and refined to define the test configurations and requirements, measurement parameters, and test procedures used throughout NextGen Profiles testing.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗