Life Cycle Analysis and Techno Economic Analysis of Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal
Poster representing the techno-economic analysis (TEA) and life cycle assessment of marine CDR technology.
Mahmud, Roksana↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Life Cycle Analysis of Coal Exports from the Powder River Basin
This presentation was given at the 2016 Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage Conference in June 2016, and provided the complete technical details behind and the full life cycle impacts of exporting coal from the Powder River Basin in the U.S. to electricity markets in Asia. Key takeaways are the relative large contribution of the transportation of the coal when traveling distance.
Climate Change↗
Life-cycle analysis of greenhouse gas emissions from hydrogen delivery: A cost-guided analysis
The cost of hydrogen delivery for transportation accounts for most of the current H 2 selling price; delivery also requires substantial amounts of energy. In this work, we developed harmonized techno-economic and life-cycle emissions models of current and future H 2 production and delivery pathways. Our techno-economic analysis of dispensed H 2 costs guided our selection of pathways for the life-cycle analysis. In this paper, we present the results of market expansion scenarios using existing capabilities (for example, those that use H 2 from steam methane reforming, chlor-alkali, and natural gas liquid cracker plants), as well as results for future electrolysis plants that use nuclear, solar, and hydroelectric power. Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions for fuel cell electric vehicles compared to conventional gasoline pathways vary from 40% reduction for fossil-derived H 2 to 20-fold for clean H 2 . Supplemental tables with greenhouse gas emissions data for each step in the H 2 pathways enable readers to evaluate additional scenarios.
08 HYDROGEN↗
Life Cycle Analysis of Natural Gas Extraction and Power Generation
This analysis expands upon previous life cycle analyses (LCAs) of natural gas systems performed by the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL). It provides a complete inventory of emissions to air and water, water consumption, and land use change. These environmental burdens are detailed for all supply chain steps from natural gas production through natural gas distribution. This analysis has 30 distinct scenarios. The scenarios include 14 onshore production basins with their respective extraction technologies, for a total of 27 onshore scenarios. The scenarios also include two offshore production scenarios, Gulf of Mexico (GoM) and offshore Alaska, and an associated gas scenario. The results include a national average based on a production-weighted aggregation of the onshore, offshore, and associated gas scenarios. The life cycle GHG emissions from the United States (U.S.) natural gas supply chain are 19.9 g carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e)/MJ (with a 95% mean confidence interval of 13.1 to 28.7 g CO2e/MJ). The top contributors to carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions are combustion exhaust and other venting from compressor systems. Compressor systems are prevalent in most supply chain stages, so compressor emissions are key emission drivers for life cycle emissions. Emission rates are highly variable across the entire supply chain. The national average CH4 emission rate is 1.24%, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 0.84% to 1.76%.
Littlefield, James↗
Verify Carbon Offsets and/or Life Cycle Analysis - RE-X Prize Ph2 Voucher: Cooperative Research and Development (Final Report)
Contractor will conduct supply chain life cycle assessment analysis.
36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
Pathways to a Sustainable Aviation Ecosystem: Life Cycle Analysis with Blockchain Carbon Accounting
When linked with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's (NREL's) rigorous life cycle assessment methodologies, blockchain technology can enable aviation stakeholders to quantify and transact on the impacts and benefits of sustainable aviation fuels and technologies. NREL can develop high-fidelity carbon modeling tools that enable apples-to-apples comparisons across technologies, fuels, companies, and jurisdictions.
aviation↗
Thermodynamic cycle analysis
An analysis was made of Rankine cycle efficiency in nuclear power plants with and without reheat capabilities. In addition, temperatures and pressures at certain selected locations were carried out to optimize plant efficiency. It was determined that plant efficiency without reheat was 39.03%, with reheat, a maximum efficiency of 4.44% was obtained at a pressure of 435.12 psia. Data also indicate efficiency appears to increase for pressures greater than 720 psia. However, higher pressures cannot be used because calculations indicate these pressure reheat temperatures exceed 1650 R, which is not allowed due to material limitations.
Source record↗
A Life Cycle Analysis Perspective of ROZ – CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery
This presentation was given at USAE ROZ Workshop in January 2016, and provided the background on the complexity of determining the greenhouse gas emissions from this type of complex interconnected energy system. It also showed results across the wide range of possible permutations of this type of system.
Climate Change↗
A Life Cycle Analysis Perspective of CCUS - Goal and Scope Definition
This presentation was given at an International Energy Agency Meeting in London in November 2015, and provided the background on the complexity of determining the greenhouse gas emissions from this type of complex interconnected energy system. It also showed results across the wide range of possible permutations of this type of system.
Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage↗
A Life Cycle Analysis Perspective of CO2 Enhanced Oil Recovery
This presentation was given at North American Energy Ministers Trilateral Climate Change and Energy meeting on Advancing the Deployment of CCUS in Mexico City in April 2016, and provided the background on the complexity of determining the greenhouse gas emissions from this type of complex interconnected energy system. It also showed results across the wide range of possible permutations of this type of system.
Climate Change↗
Comparative assessment of new oxygen carrier materials for gas switching reforming of natural gas: Techno-economics assessment, life cycle analysis, and experimental insights
The increasing demand for hydrogen and the CO 2 intensity of natural gas (NG) reforming motivate the development of low-carbon-emission hydrogen production technologies. Gas Switching Reforming (GSR) with integrated CO 2 capture, a technology based on Chemical Looping Reforming (CLR), has been experimentally proven and shows potential for scale-up. In this study, select oxygen carriers (OC) (NiO/Al 2 O 3 , Fe 2 O 3 -CeO 2 /Al 2 O 3 , and magnetite) were tested in methane steam reforming in a fixed bed reactor to determine their relative reactivities under relevant conditions for GSR (800 °C, 7 bar total pressure). Process models were then developed to perform techno-economic analysis (TEA) of GSR for hydrogen production (GSR-H 2 ) and a combined cycle (GSR-CC) in which high-purity H 2 is fired in a gas turbine to produce electricity. Operating at 10 bar and 1100 °C and with the additional recovery steps implemented increased H 2 production by ∼ 30% and improved efficiency relative to prior studies. For GSR-H 2 , the levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) is 1.61–1.64 $/kg-H 2 , competitive with a reference SMR case, though operating and maintenance costs are higher due to increased electricity demand. GSR-CC has a significantly higher levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) than its reference NGCC (natural gas combined cycle) plant, suggesting it is less competitive; however, increasing production scale could make it more attractive. Life-cycle results for GSR-H 2 indicate NG consumption drives ∼ 75% of total global warming impacts (∼2.3 kg CO 2 eq/kg H 2 ). An environmental, health, and safety screening suggests iron-based carriers are comparatively safer, whereas NiO may pose greater risks. Overall, GSR-H 2 is a scalable, competitive option for hydrogen production using nickel and non-nickel OC.
03 NATURAL GAS↗
Energy, greenhouse gas, and water life cycle analysis of lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide monohydrate from brine and ore resources and their use in lithium ion battery cathodes and lithium ion batteries
Life cycle analyses (LCAs) were conducted for battery-grade lithium carbonate (Li 2 CO 3 ) and lithium hydroxide monohydrate (LiOH·H 2 O) produced from Chilean brines (Salar de Atacama) and Australian spodumene ores. The LCA was also extended beyond the production of Li 2 CO 3 and LiOH·H 2 O to include battery cathode materials as well as full automotive traction batteries to observe the effect that the lithium production pathways had on these end products. The LCA here covers material, water, and energy flows associated with lithium acquisition; lithium concentration; production of lithium chemicals, battery cathode powders, and batteries; and associated transportation activities along the supply chain. Based on battery cathode material, the difference in lithium source represents a difference of up to 20% for NMC811 cathode greenhouse gases (GHGs) and up to 45% for NMC622 cathode GHGs. For full batteries, this represents a difference of up to 9% for NMC811 batteries and 20% for NMC622 batteries. Production of Li 2 CO 3 from brine-based resources had less life cycle GHG emissions and freshwater consumption per tonne of Li 2 CO 3 than Li 2 CO 3 from ore-based resources. And LiOH·H 2 O produced from brine-based lithium also had less life cycle GHG emissions and freshwater consumption per tonne of LiOH·H 2 O than LiOH·H 2 O from ore-based resources.
25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
A Life Cycle Analysis Perspective of CCUS - CO2 Enchanced Oil Recovery
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Life Cycle Analysis, LCA, Carbon Capture and Utili↗
U.S. Average Corn Ethanol Production Baseline for 45Q Life Cycle Analysis Version 1.0 (2018-2022)
U.S. Average Benchmark life cycle inventory documentation for ethanol production for calendar years 2018 - 2022. The documentation includes a technical report describing data sources and statistical methods used and an Excel file showing calculations. The calculations performed are used in the 45Q benchmark json-ld dataset, compatible with the NETL CO2U LCA Guidance Toolkit. Summary impact results will be included in the NETL CO2U LCA Documentation Spreadsheet within the Toolkit. To access the model referenced in the report, please visit https://www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analysis/details?id=55ab21f1-9238-4b63-9a7a-ae1a4cfa7b05.
09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
U.S. Average Market Carbon Dioxide Production Baseline Documentation For 45Q Life Cycle Analysis: Version 1.0 (2018-2022)
U.S. Average Benchmark life cycle inventory documentation for market carbon dioxide production for calendar years 2018 - 2022. The documentation includes a technical report describing data sources and statistical methods used and an Excel file showing calculations. The calculations performed are used in the 45Q benchmark json-ld dataset, compatible with the NETL CO2U LCA Guidance Toolkit. Summary impact results will be included in the NETL CO2U LCA Documentation Spreadsheet within the Toolkit. To access the model referenced in the report, please visit https://www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analysis/details?id=21915ba8-d2cf-43ea-b9b2-1d76363a46a7
29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
U.S. Average Nitrogen Fertilizer Production Baseline Documentation For 45Q Life Cycle Analysis: Version 1.0 (2018-2022)
U.S. Average Benchmark life cycle inventory documentation for nitrogenous fertilizer production for calendar years 2018 - 2022. The documentation includes a technical report describing data sources and statistical methods used and an Excel file showing calculations. The calculations performed are used in the 45Q benchmark json-ld dataset, compatible with the NETL CO2U LCA Guidance Toolkit. Summary impact results will be included in the NETL CO2U LCA Documentation Spreadsheet within the Toolkit. https://www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analysis/details?id=7c0db05a-231e-40a5-b5fd-112a7c001834
09 BIOMASS FUELS↗