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At least 127 records · Page 7
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NASA NTRS2024

Analysis of Ryugu Fluid Inclusions: An Update

The most direct and convincing evidence for the presence of water and organic molecules on protoplanetary bodies is provided by fluid inclusions trapped in secondary minerals. Our previous work has demonstrated that early solar system fluids have survived as fluid inclusions in a Ryugu pyrrhotite crystal [2]. We hypothesize that the bulk molecular and isotopic composition of individual Ryugu fluid inclusions can be measured to provide ground truth for exploring and thermochemical modeling of the compositional and isotopic evolution of fluids in protoplanetary bodies including asteroids, comets and icy moons. This presentation is an update on our efforts to make measurements of elemental, molecular and, in particular, isotopic compositions of individual aqueous fluid inclusions in Ryugu samples. The measurements we plan will permit us to (1) understand elemental composition of the aqueous fluids present on Ryugu’s progenitor body, (2) track changes in the chemical and stable isotopic composition of altering fluids in small bodies over time, (3) verify the presence of organics in Ryugu fluids, (4) verify the reported significant CO 2 in Ryugu fluids, (5) measure O and H isotopes in preserved Ryugu fluids, (6) provide constraints on temperature range calculations for the mineralizing reactions being performed by other groups using mineral pairs, (7) measure sulfur/chloride and chloride/phosphorus ratios of Ryugu fluids. We note here that recent results from Enceladus reveal the importance of phosphorus in small body aqueous brines, indicating that our proposed research will benefit studies of all current ocean worlds.

Andrei Dolocan↗
DOE OSTI2020

Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Chemical Bonding of Sr 7 Li 6 Sn 12 and its Quaternary Derivatives with Eu and Alkaline Earth Metal (Mg, Ca, Ba) Substitutions. A Tale of Seven Li‐Containing Stannides and Two Complex Crystal Structures

In this paper, we discuss the synthesis and the structural characterization of the new ternary compound Sr 7 Li 6 Sn 12 and its six quaternary derivatives, where alkaline earth metals (Ca, Mg, Ba) and the rare earth metal Eu are substituted, yielding crystalline phases of monoclinic or orthorhombic symmetry. The title compounds were synthesized via high‐temperature solid‐state reactions of the corresponding elements. The crystal structures were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction methods. The (Sr,Ca) 7 Li 6 Sn 12 and Eu 7 (Mg,Li) 6 Sn 12 phases represent a new structure type (space group P 2/ m , No. 10) while Sr 7 Li 6 Sn 12 and the rest of the title phases crystallize in the orthorhombic base‐centered space group Cmmm (No. 65) which is similar to the Eu 7 Li 8– x Sn 10+ x ( x ≈ 2.0) phase with the Ce 7 Li 8 Ge 10 structure type (Pearson code oC 50). Careful examination of the resulting structures shows intricate disordering between Li and Sn atoms, which is governed by the total number of valence electrons. The discussion of experimental results is also supported by DFT electronic structure calculations.

Osman, Hussien H.↗
DOE OSTI2024

Manipulating Photoconduction in Cu–Pyrene 1-D Coordination Nanosheets by Modulating Interlayer π–π Stacking

2D conductive metal organic frameworks (MOFs) have become promising candidates for applications in electronic and photoelectronic devices. However, the lack of a fundamental understanding of the charge transport mechanism and synthetic design to alter their conductivity limits their potential applications. In this work, we report the design and synthesis of two 1D Cu–pyrene coordination nanosheets, Cu–pyrene-4,5,9,10 tetrathiol (Cu-PTT) and Cu–2,7-di-tert-butylpyrene-4,5,9,10-tetrathiol (Cu– tBu PTT), as models of 2D conductive MOFs, where the introduction of two different functional groups (H and tert-butyl groups) at the 2 and 7 positions of the PTT ligands is used to tune the interlayer distance and π–π stacking of MOFs. Using optical pump terahertz probe spectroscopy, we show that both nanosheets exhibit appreciable photoconduction, but the photoconduction in Cu– tBu PTT is reduced with respect to that in Cu–PTT, which can be attributed to the larger interlayer distance in the former leading to the decoupling of the interlayer charge transport pathway. Furthermore, these results demonstrate a unique strategy to investigate the impact of out-of-plane extended conjugation on photoconduction in conductive conjugated polymers, MOFs, or coordination nanosheets through adjusting their interlayer spacing.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
NASA NTRS1991

Effect of 29 days of simulated microgravity on maximal oxygen consumption and fat-free mass of rats

Effects of a 29-days exposure to simulated microgravity on the values of maximal oxygen consumption and fat-free mass (FFM) and on the mechanical efficiency of running were investigated in rats randomly assigned to one of three regimens: head-down suspension (HDS) at 45 deg, horizontal suspension (HS), or cage control (CC). Before suspension and on days 7, 14, 21, and 28, five exercise performance tests were carried out, with measurements related to maximal oxygen consumption, treadmill run time, and mechanical efficiency. It was found that maximal oxygen consumption of both HDS and HS groups decreased significantly at day 7, after which the HDS rats remained decreased while the HS rats returned to presuspension values. Apparent mechanical efficiency in the HDS and HS groups decreased by 22-35 percent during the experimental period, and FFM decreased significantly.

Woodman, Christopher R.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Local order of orthorhombic weberite-type Y 3 TaO 7 as determined by neutron total scattering and density functional theory calculations

Weberite-type oxides are a family of oxides with A 3 BO 7 stoichiometry that can adopt different space groups depending on chemical composition. There is a discrepancy in previous studies as to whether Y 3 TaO 7 is the orthorhombic C222 1 or the Ccmm space group. Here, we describe the short- and long-range structural properties of weberite-type Y 3 TaO 7 using neutron total scattering data, which has a high sensitivity to the oxygen sublattice. Simultaneous analysis of both short- and long-range structural data via conventional Rietveld and small box modelling demonstrates that Y 3 TaO 7 is best modeled as C222 1 . While the Ccmm describes equally well the long-range structure, pair distribution function analysis revealed that the local atomic configuration can be best modelled as C222 1 . This is corroborated by first-principles calculations that confirm the energetic preference of the C222 1 over Ccmm. Further, neutron total scattering data are reported for the first time for the Y 3 TaO 7 weberite-type ceramics.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS2017

Advancing Translational Space Research Through Biospecimen Sharing: Amplifying the Impact of Ground-Based Studies

Biospecimen Sharing Programs (BSPs) have been organized by NASA Ames Research Center since the 1960s with the goal of maximizing utilization and scientific return from rare, complex and costly spaceflight experiments. BSPs involve acquiring otherwise unused biological specimens from primary space research experiments for distribution to secondary experiments. Here we describe a collaboration leveraging Ames expertise in biospecimen sharing to magnify the scientific impact of research informing astronaut health funded by the NASA Human Research Program (HRP) Human Health Countermeasures (HHC) Element. The concept expands biospecimen sharing to one-off ground-based studies utilizing analogue space platforms (e.g., Hind limb Unloading (HLU), Artificial Gravity) for rodent experiments, thereby significantly broadening the range of research opportunities with translational relevance for protecting human health in space and on Earth. In this presentation, we will report on biospecimens currently being acquired from HHC Award Head-Down Tilt as a Model for Intracranial and Intraocular Pressures, and Retinal Changes during Spaceflight, and their availability. The BSP add-on to the project described herein has already yielded for HHC-funded investigators more than 4,700 additional tissues that would otherwise have been discarded as waste, with additional tissues available for analysis. Young (3-mo old) male and female rats and Older (9-mo old) male rats are being exposed to HLU for either 7, 14, 28, or 90 days. Additional groups are exposed to 90 days of unloading followed by either 7, 14, 28 days or 90 days of recovery (normal loading). Comparisons are made with non-suspended controls. Unused tissues are: Skin, Lungs, Thymus, Adrenals, Kidneys, Spleen, Hindlimb Muscles (Soleus, Extensor Digitorum Longus, Tibialis Anterior, Plantaris Gastrocnemius), Fat Pads, Reproductive Organs, and Intestines. Tissues are harvested, weighed, preserved then archived (with metadata) using a sample tracking system (CryoTrack). Preservation techniques include snap-freezing and RNALatersnap-freezing. Specimens were weighed at the time of dissection, and organ mass: body mass ratios analyzed to determine unloading effects across conditions and durations. The results corroborate previously reported effects of short-term exposure to microgravity or unloading exposure on various organs, and provide new insights into adaptation to long-duration unloading relevant to sustained spaceflight exposures on ISS. Supported by the Human Research Program (HRP) Human Health Countermeasures (HHC) Element and NASA Grant NNX13AD94G (CAF).

rodent↗
NASA NTRS2017

Advancing Translational Space Research Through Biospecimen Sharing: Amplified Impact of Studies Utilizing Analogue Space Platforms

Biospecimen Sharing Programs (BSPs) have been organized by NASA Ames Research Center since the 1960s with the goal of maximizing utilization and scientific return from rare, complex and costly spaceflight experiments. BSPs involve acquiring otherwise unused biological specimens from primary space research experiments for distribution to secondary experiments. Here we describe a collaboration leveraging Ames expertise in biospecimen sharing to magnify the scientific impact of research informing astronaut health funded by the NASA Human Research Program (HRP) Human Health Countermeasures (HHC) Element. The concept expands biospecimen sharing to one-off ground-based studies utilizing analogue space platforms (e.g., Hindlimb Unloading (HLU), Artificial Gravity) for rodent experiments, thereby significantly broadening the range of research opportunities with translational relevance for protecting human health in space and on Earth. In this presentation, we will report on biospecimens currently being acquired from HHC Award Head-Down Tilt as a Model for Intracranial and Intraocular Pressures, and Retinal Changes during Spaceflight, and their availability. The BSP add-on to the project described herein has already yielded for HHC-funded investigators more than 4,700 additional tissues that would otherwise have been discarded as waste, with additional tissues available for analysis. Young (3-mo old) male and female rats and Older (9-mo old) male rats are being exposed to HLU for either 7, 14, 28, or 90 days. Additional groups are exposed to 90 days of unloading followed by either 7, 14, 28 days or 90 days of recovery (normal loading). Comparisons are made with non-suspended controls. Unused tissues are: Skin, Lungs, Thymus, Adrenals, Kidneys, Spleen, Hindlimb Muscles (Soleus, Extensor Digitorum Longus, Tibialis Anterior, Plantaris Gastrocnemius), Fat Pads, Reproductive Organs, and Intestines. Tissues are harvested, weighed, preserved then archived (with metadata) using a sample tracking system (CryoTrack). Preservation techniques include snap-freezing and RNALatersnap-freezing. Specimens were weighed at the time of dissection, and organ mass:body mass ratios analyzed to determine unloading effects across conditions and durations. The results corroborate previously reported effects of short-term exposure to microgravity or unloading exposure on various organs, and provide new insights into adaptation to long-duration unloading relevant to sustained spaceflight exposures on ISS.

biospecimen sharing↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Cs2Li5(BO2)7 by Materials Project

Cs2Li5(BO2)7 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Ama2 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cs1+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Cs–O bond distances ranging from 3.05–3.34 Å. There are three inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with four equivalent BO4 tetrahedra. There is two shorter (1.97 Å) and two longer (1.99 Å) Li–O bond length. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.12 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted edge-sharing LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–1.99 Å. There are four inequivalent B3+ sites. In the first B3+ site, B3+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form BO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one BO4 tetrahedra and corners with two equivalent LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of B–O bond distances ranging from 1.47–1.51 Å. In the second B3+ site, B3+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three O2- atoms. There are a spread of B–O bond distances ranging from 1.32–1.43 Å. In the third B3+ site, B3+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.35 Å) and two longer (1.40 Å) B–O bond length. In the fourth B3+ site, B3+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three O2- atoms. There are a spread of B–O bond distances ranging from 1.36–1.41 Å. There are eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+ and two equivalent B3+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Li1+ and one B3+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to three Li1+ and one B3+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Cs1+, one Li1+, and two B3+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Cs1+, one Li1+, and two B3+ atoms. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to four equivalent Cs1+, one Li1+, and one B3+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two equivalent Cs1+ and two B3+ atoms. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Cs1+, one Li1+, and two equivalent B3+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

Imaging the crust and uppermost mantle structure of Portugal (West Iberia) with seismic ambient noise

SUMMARY We present a new high-resolution 3-D shear wave velocity (Vs) model of the crust and uppermost mantle beneath Portugal, inferred from ambient seismic noise tomography. We use broad-band seismic data from a dense temporary deployment covering the entire Portuguese mainland between 2010 and 2012 in the scope of the WILAS project. Vertical component data are processed using phase correlation and phase weighted stack to obtain empirical Green functions (EGFs) for 2016 station pairs. Further, we use a random sampling and subset stacking strategy to measure robust Rayleigh-wave group velocities in the period range 7–30 s and associated uncertainties. The tomographic inversion is performed in two steps: First, we determine group-velocity lateral variations for each period. Next, we invert them at each grid point using a new trans-dimensional inversion scheme to obtain the 3-D shear wave velocity model. The final 3-D model extends from the upper crust (5 km) down to the uppermost mantle (60 km) and has a lateral resolution of ∼50 km. In the upper and middle crusts, the Vs anomaly pattern matches the tectonic units of the Variscan Massif and Alpine basins. The transition between the Lusitanian Basin and the Ossa Morena Zone is marked by a contrast between moderate- and high-velocity anomalies, in addition to two arched earthquake lineations. Some faults, namely, the Manteigas–Vilariça–Bragança fault and the Porto–Tomar–Ferreira do Alentejo fault, have a clear signature from the upper crust down to the uppermost mantle (60 km). Our 3-D shear wave velocity model offers new insights into the continuation of the main tectonic units at depth and contributes to better understanding the seismicity of Portugal.

Silveira, Graça (ORCID:0000000221102554)↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Re3(SeCl)7 by Materials Project

Re3(SeCl)7 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbcm space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four Re3(SeCl)7 clusters. there are two inequivalent Re7+ sites. In the first Re7+ site, Re7+ is bonded to five Se2- and two Cl1- atoms to form distorted face-sharing ReSe5Cl2 pentagonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Re–Se bond distances ranging from 2.49–2.62 Å. There are one shorter (2.42 Å) and one longer (2.43 Å) Re–Cl bond lengths. In the second Re7+ site, Re7+ is bonded to five Se2- and two Cl1- atoms to form distorted face-sharing ReSe5Cl2 pentagonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Re–Se bond distances ranging from 2.48–2.61 Å. There are one shorter (2.42 Å) and one longer (2.45 Å) Re–Cl bond lengths. There are five inequivalent Se2- sites. In the first Se2- site, Se2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two Re7+ and one Cl1- atom. The Se–Cl bond length is 2.83 Å. In the second Se2- site, Se2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two Re7+ atoms. In the third Se2- site, Se2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Re7+ and one Cl1- atom. The Se–Cl bond length is 2.69 Å. In the fourth Se2- site, Se2- is bonded in a 10-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Re7+ atoms. In the fifth Se2- site, Se2- is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to three Re7+ atoms. There are five inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Re7+ atom. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Re7+ atom. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Re7+ atom. In the fourth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to three Se2- atoms. In the fifth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Re7+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Re3(SeBr)7 by Materials Project

Re3(SeBr)7 crystallizes in the trigonal P31c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four Re3(SeBr)7 clusters. Re7+ is bonded to five Se2- and two Br1- atoms to form distorted face-sharing ReSe5Br2 pentagonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Re–Se bond distances ranging from 2.49–2.61 Å. Both Re–Br bond lengths are 2.60 Å. There are three inequivalent Se2- sites. In the first Se2- site, Se2- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Re7+ atoms. In the second Se2- site, Se2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Re7+ and one Br1- atom. The Se–Br bond length is 2.91 Å. In the third Se2- site, Se2- is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Re7+ atoms. There are three inequivalent Br1- sites. In the first Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Re7+ atom. In the second Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Re7+ atom. In the third Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Se2- atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Re3(SCl)7 by Materials Project

Re3(SCl)7 crystallizes in the trigonal P31c space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two Re3(SCl)7 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. there are two inequivalent Re7+ sites. In the first Re7+ site, Re7+ is bonded to five S2- and two Cl1- atoms to form distorted face-sharing ReS5Cl2 pentagonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Re–S bond distances ranging from 2.36–2.47 Å. Both Re–Cl bond lengths are 2.39 Å. In the second Re7+ site, Re7+ is bonded to five S2- and two Cl1- atoms to form distorted face-sharing ReS5Cl2 pentagonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Re–S bond distances ranging from 2.37–2.46 Å. There are one shorter (2.37 Å) and one longer (2.43 Å) Re–Cl bond lengths. There are six inequivalent S2- sites. In the first S2- site, S2- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Re7+ and one S2- atom. The S–S bond length is 2.07 Å. In the second S2- site, S2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Re7+ atoms. In the third S2- site, S2- is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Re7+ and one Cl1- atom. The S–Cl bond length is 2.71 Å. In the fourth S2- site, S2- is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Re7+, one S2-, and four Cl1- atoms. There are a spread of S–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.71–3.60 Å. In the fifth S2- site, S2- is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Re7+ atoms. In the sixth S2- site, S2- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Re7+ atoms. There are six inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Re7+ atom. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Re7+ and two equivalent S2- atoms. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Re7+ atom. In the fourth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Re7+ and one S2- atom. In the fifth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent S2- atoms. In the sixth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent S2- atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on La2(BiO2)7 by Materials Project

La2(BiO2)7 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of one La2(BiO2)7 sheet oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. there are two inequivalent La3+ sites. In the first La3+ site, La3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form distorted LaO6 octahedra that share corners with three BiO5 square pyramids and corners with three BiO5 trigonal bipyramids. There are a spread of La–O bond distances ranging from 2.44–2.54 Å. In the second La3+ site, La3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of La–O bond distances ranging from 2.35–2.66 Å. There are seven inequivalent Bi+3.14+ sites. In the first Bi+3.14+ site, Bi+3.14+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted BiO5 square pyramids that share a cornercorner with one LaO6 octahedra, corners with four BiO5 square pyramids, and edges with two BiO5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 57°. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.17–2.69 Å. In the second Bi+3.14+ site, Bi+3.14+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.19–2.67 Å. In the third Bi+3.14+ site, Bi+3.14+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted BiO5 trigonal bipyramids that share a cornercorner with one LaO6 octahedra, corners with four BiO5 trigonal bipyramids, and edges with two BiO5 trigonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 69°. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.15–2.71 Å. In the fourth Bi+3.14+ site, Bi+3.14+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted BiO5 square pyramids that share a cornercorner with one LaO6 octahedra, corners with four BiO5 square pyramids, and edges with two BiO5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 59°. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.15–2.42 Å. In the fifth Bi+3.14+ site, Bi+3.14+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted BiO5 trigonal bipyramids that share a cornercorner with one LaO6 octahedra, corners with four BiO5 trigonal bipyramids, and edges with two BiO5 trigonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 70°. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.15–2.75 Å. In the sixth Bi+3.14+ site, Bi+3.14+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted BiO5 trigonal bipyramids that share a cornercorner with one LaO6 octahedra, corners with four BiO5 trigonal bipyramids, and edges with two BiO5 trigonal bipyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 70°. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.16–2.64 Å. In the seventh Bi+3.14+ site, Bi+3.14+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted BiO5 square pyramids that share a cornercorner with one LaO6 octahedra, corners with four BiO5 square pyramids, and edges with two BiO5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 55°. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.16–2.68 Å. There are fourteen inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to two La3+ and two Bi+3.14+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing OLa2Bi2 tetrahedra. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Bi+3.14+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded to two La3+ and two Bi+3.14+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OLa2Bi2 tetrahedra. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Bi+3.14+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three Bi+3.14+ atoms. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two La3+ and two Bi+3.14+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing OLa2Bi2 tetrahedra. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Bi+3.14+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OBi4 tetrahedra. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two La3+ and two Bi+3.14+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OLa2Bi2 tetrahedra. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Bi+3.14+ atoms. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one La3+ and three Bi+3.14+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OLaBi3 tetrahedra. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Bi+3.14+ atoms. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two La3+ and two Bi+3.14+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OLa2Bi2 tetrahedra. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Bi+3.14+ atoms. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two La3+ and two Bi+3.14+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing OLa2Bi2 tetrahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Dy2(BiO2)7 by Materials Project

Dy2(BiO2)7 crystallizes in the monoclinic Cm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of one Dy2(BiO2)7 sheet oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. there are two inequivalent Dy3+ sites. In the first Dy3+ site, Dy3+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Dy–O bond distances ranging from 2.38–2.62 Å. In the second Dy3+ site, Dy3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Dy–O bond distances ranging from 2.28–2.57 Å. There are seven inequivalent Bi+3.14+ sites. In the first Bi+3.14+ site, Bi+3.14+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing BiO5 square pyramids. There are one shorter (2.13 Å) and four longer (2.41 Å) Bi–O bond lengths. In the second Bi+3.14+ site, Bi+3.14+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted corner-sharing BiO5 trigonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.18–2.56 Å. In the third Bi+3.14+ site, Bi+3.14+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.19–2.23 Å. In the fourth Bi+3.14+ site, Bi+3.14+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.17–2.24 Å. In the fifth Bi+3.14+ site, Bi+3.14+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.30–2.67 Å. In the sixth Bi+3.14+ site, Bi+3.14+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted corner-sharing BiO5 trigonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.15–2.53 Å. In the seventh Bi+3.14+ site, Bi+3.14+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing BiO5 square pyramids. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.12–2.45 Å. There are fourteen inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Dy3+ and one Bi+3.14+ atom to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing ODy3Bi tetrahedra. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three Bi+3.14+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Dy3+ and three Bi+3.14+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing ODyBi3 tetrahedra. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two equivalent Dy3+ and two Bi+3.14+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing ODy2Bi2 tetrahedra. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two equivalent Bi+3.14+ atoms. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Dy3+ and three Bi+3.14+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing ODyBi3 tetrahedra. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Dy3+ and one Bi+3.14+ atom to form ODy3Bi tetrahedra that share corners with ten ODy2Bi2 tetrahedra and edges with six ODy3Bi tetrahedra. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Dy3+ and three Bi+3.14+ atoms to form ODyBi3 tetrahedra that share corners with ten ODy3Bi tetrahedra and edges with six OBi4 tetrahedra. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Bi+3.14+ atoms to form distorted OBi4 tetrahedra that share corners with seven OBi4 tetrahedra and edges with three ODyBi3 tetrahedra. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Dy3+ and three Bi+3.14+ atoms to form distorted ODyBi3 tetrahedra that share corners with eleven ODy3Bi tetrahedra and edges with four ODyBi3 tetrahedra. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Dy3+ and three Bi+3.14+ atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing ODyBi3 tetrahedra. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two equivalent Bi+3.14+ atoms. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three Bi+3.14+ atoms. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two equivalent Dy3+ and two Bi+3.14+ atoms to form distorted ODy2Bi2 tetrahedra that share corners with twelve ODy3Bi tetrahedra and edges with five ODyBi3 tetrahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Nd2(BiO2)7 by Materials Project

Nd2(BiO2)7 crystallizes in the monoclinic Cm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of one Nd2(BiO2)7 sheet oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. there are two inequivalent Nd+2.50+ sites. In the first Nd+2.50+ site, Nd+2.50+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight O2- atoms. There are a spread of Nd–O bond distances ranging from 2.47–2.65 Å. In the second Nd+2.50+ site, Nd+2.50+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Nd–O bond distances ranging from 2.39–2.60 Å. There are seven inequivalent Bi+3.29+ sites. In the first Bi+3.29+ site, Bi+3.29+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.29–2.64 Å. In the second Bi+3.29+ site, Bi+3.29+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted edge-sharing BiO5 square pyramids. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.12–2.47 Å. In the third Bi+3.29+ site, Bi+3.29+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted BiO5 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with two equivalent BiO5 square pyramids, corners with two equivalent BiO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two equivalent BiO5 trigonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.14–2.58 Å. In the fourth Bi+3.29+ site, Bi+3.29+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted BiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two equivalent BiO5 square pyramids, corners with two equivalent BiO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two equivalent BiO5 trigonal bipyramids. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.18–2.26 Å. In the fifth Bi+3.29+ site, Bi+3.29+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O2- atoms. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.19–2.78 Å. In the sixth Bi+3.29+ site, Bi+3.29+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O2- atoms. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.20–2.63 Å. In the seventh Bi+3.29+ site, Bi+3.29+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted BiO5 square pyramids that share corners with two equivalent BiO4 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent BiO5 trigonal bipyramids, and edges with two equivalent BiO5 square pyramids. There are a spread of Bi–O bond distances ranging from 2.12–2.45 Å. There are fourteen inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to two equivalent Nd+2.50+ and two Bi+3.29+ atoms to form distorted ONd2Bi2 tetrahedra that share corners with twelve ONd2Bi2 tetrahedra, edges with three ONdBi3 tetrahedra, and edges with two equivalent ONdBi3 trigonal pyramids. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three Bi+3.29+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two equivalent Bi+3.29+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Nd+2.50+ and three Bi+3.29+ atoms to form distorted ONdBi3 tetrahedra that share corners with seven ONd2Bi2 tetrahedra, a cornercorner with one ONdBi3 trigonal pyramid, and edges with three ONdBi3 tetrahedra. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Nd+2.50+ and three Bi+3.29+ atoms to form distorted ONdBi3 tetrahedra that share corners with eleven ONd2Bi2 tetrahedra and edges with four ONdBi3 tetrahedra. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Bi+3.29+ atoms to form distorted OBi4 tetrahedra that share corners with seven ONd2Bi2 tetrahedra and edges with three ONdBi3 tetrahedra. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Nd+2.50+ and one Bi+3.29+ atom to form ONd3Bi tetrahedra that share corners with ten ONd2Bi2 tetrahedra, edges with five ONdBi3 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one ONdBi3 trigonal pyramid. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Nd+2.50+ and three Bi+3.29+ atoms to form distorted ONdBi3 tetrahedra that share corners with five ONdBi3 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent ONdBi3 trigonal pyramids, and edges with three ONd3Bi tetrahedra. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Nd+2.50+ and three Bi+3.29+ atoms to form ONdBi3 tetrahedra that share corners with nine ONdBi3 tetrahedra, a cornercorner with one ONdBi3 trigonal pyramid, and edges with six ONd2Bi2 tetrahedra. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Nd+2.50+ and three Bi+3.29+ atoms to form distorted ONdBi3 trigonal pyramids that share corners with six ONdBi3 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent ONdBi3 trigonal pyramids, and edges with three ONd3Bi tetrahedra. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to two equivalent Nd+2.50+ and two Bi+3.29+ atoms to form ONd2Bi2 tetrahedra that share corners with eleven ONd2Bi2 tetrahedra and edges with four ONd3Bi tetrahedra. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Bi+3.29+ atoms. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three Bi+3.29+ atoms. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Nd+2.50+ and one Bi+3.29+ atom to form ONd3Bi tetrahedra that share corners with ten ONd2Bi2 tetrahedra, corners with two equivalent ONdBi3 trigonal pyramids, and edges with five ONd3Bi tetrahedra.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2025

Gravitational Wave Scattering via the Born Series: Scalar Tidal Matching to 𝒪⁡(𝐺 7 ) and Beyond

We introduce a novel method to compute gravitational wave amplitudes within the framework of effective field theory. By reinterpreting the Feynman diagram expansion as a Born series, our method offers several key advantages. It directly yields partial wave amplitudes, streamlining the matching with black hole perturbation theory. Long-distance gravitational interactions are unambiguously factorized from short-distance tidal effects, including dissipation, which are systematically incorporated via an in-in worldline effective action. Crucially, at every order in perturbation theory, integrals are expressed in terms of harmonic polylogarithms, enabling an end-to-end computation scalable to arbitrary orders. We illustrate the method with new predictions for scalar black hole Love numbers and their renormalization group equations to 𝒪⁡(𝐺 7 ).

effective field theory↗
NASA NTRS1986

The stratigraphy of the Steep Rock Group, N.W. Ontario, with evidence of a major unconformity

The Steep Rock Group is exposed 6 km north of Atikokan, 200 km west of Thunder Bay. It is situated on the southern margin of the Wabigoon Belt of the Archaean Superior Province, N. W. Ontario. Reinvestigation of the geology of the Group has shown that the Group lies unconformably on the Tonalite Complex to the east. This unconformity has been previously suspected, from regional and ine mapping but no conclusive outcrop evidence for its existence has as yet been published. The strike of the group, comprised of Basal Conglomerate, Carbonate Member, Ore Zone and Ashrock is generally north-northwest dipping steeply to the southwest. Of the 7 contacts between the Steep Rock Group and the Tonalite Complex, 3 expose the unconformity (The Headland, S. Roberts Pit, Trueman Point), and 4 are faulted. These three outcrops demonstrate unequivocally that the Steep Rock group was laid down unconformably on the underlying Tonalite Complex, which is circa 3 Ga old.

Wilks, M. E.↗
NASA NTRS2006

What Happens to bone health during and after spaceflight?

Weightless conditions of space flight accelerate bone loss. There are no reports to date that address whether the bone that is lost during spaceflight could ever be recovered. Spaceinduced bone loss in astronauts is evaluated at the Johnson Space Center (JSC) by measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) by Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. Astronauts are routinely scanned preflight and at various time points postflight (greater than or equal to Return+2 days). Two sets of BMD data were used to model spaceflight-induced loss and skeletal recovery in crewmembers following long-duration spaceflight missions (4-6 months). Group I was from astronauts (n=7) who were systematically scanned at multiple time points during the postflight period as part of a research protocol to investigate skeletal recovery. Group II came from a total of 49 sets of preflight and postflight data obtained by different protocols. These data were from 39 different crewmembers some of whom served on multiple flights. Changes in BMD (between pre- and postflight BMD) were plotted as a function of time (days-after-landing); plotted data were fitted to an exponential equation which enabled estimations of i) BMD change at day 0 after landing and ii) the number of days by which 50% of the lost bone is recovered (half-life). These fits were performed for BMD of the lumbar spine, trochanter, pelvis, femoral neck and calcaneus. There was consistency between the models for BMD recovery. Based upon the exponential model of BMD restoration, recovery following long-duration missions appears to be substantially complete in crewmembers within 36 months following return to Earth.

Sibonga, Jean D.↗