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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 127 records · Page 7
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1974

Develop a land use-peak runoff classification system for highway engineering purposes

The author has identified the following significant results. Based on the detail study of the Sunkhaze Stream Watershed, it is believed that good detailed drainage studies can be derived from repetitive ERTS imagery. Land use maps tailored to hydrologic study can be prepared from ERTS imagery. Significant changes in the Sunkhaze Stream and Otter Stream Watersheds at spring flood conditions have given important information on the causes for flooding in the town of Bradley.

Stoeckeler, E. G.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Multidisciplinary analysis of Skylab photography for highway engineering purposes

The author has identified the following significant results. The greatly increased resolution of ground features by Skylab as compared with LANDSAT is considered to be best in the S190B high resolution film, followed by S190A camera stations 4, 5, and 6 respectfully. Results of the study of vegetation damage sites using data derived from S190A film were disappointing. The major cause of detection problems is the graininess of the CIR film. Good results were achieved for the hydrology-land use study. Both camera systems gave better agreement with the ground truth than did LANDSAT imagery. Surficial geology and glacial landform areas were clearly visible in single scenes. Several previously unmapped or unknown features were detected, especially in eastern coastal Maine.

Stoeckeler, E. G.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Land use project (comparison of LANDSAT with aircraft-derived land cover data for a proposed highway project)

The Maryland Automated Geographic Information System is described as well as the development of a general land cover classification with level 2 separation for vegetation categories for a 95,000-acre study area in Howard and Anne Arundel Counties. An accuracy analysis was performed on two subsections of the entire study area. The 1:24,000 scale land use map and the high in altitude infrared photography were determined to the best source of ground truth for the analysis. Results show that (1) delineation of deciduous and coniferous forested areas from LANDSAT data compared well with results from infrared photography; (2) general classification of agricultural areas showed acceptable results; (3) delineation of residential areas had the highest error rates (difference in interpretation and cover type assignment methods was a primary factor); and (4) LANDSAT-derived land cover data is to be used as an ancillary data source in a Maryland statewide land cover inventory.

Rugoski, T.↗
NASA NTRS1986

Adiabatic diesel engine component development: Reference engine for on-highway applications

The main objectives were to select an advanced low heat rejection diesel reference engine (ADRE) and to carry out systems analysis and design. The ADRE concept selection consisted of: (1) rated point performance optimization; (2) study of various exhaust energy recovery scenarios; (3) components, systems and engine configuration studies; and (4) life cycle cost estimates of the ADRE economic worth. The resulting ADRE design proposed a reciprocator with many advanced features for the 1995 technology demonstration time frame. These included ceramic air gap insulated hot section structural components, high temperature tribology treatments, nonmechanical (camless) valve actuation systems, and elimination of the cylinder head gasket. ADRE system analysis and design resulted in more definition of the engine systems. These systems include: (1) electro-hydraulic valve actuation, (2) electronic common rail injection system; (3) engine electronic control; (4) power transfer for accessory drives and exhaust energy recovery systems; and (5) truck installation. Tribology and performance assessments were also carried out. Finite element and probability of survival analyses were undertaken for the ceramic low heat rejection component.

Hakim, Nabil S.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Dense fog on the highway: Visual range monitoring in cars?

This paper reports on the development of a new sensor. Laser range-finders are currently installed in cars and trucks to measure the distance to a proceeding car (LEICA). A modification of such a sensor to measure visibility was made. The problems that had to be solved were: (1) choice of wavelength with relation to the human eye for visibility measurements; (2) dependency of the wavelength on atmospheric turbidity; (3) laser eye-safety; and (4) influence of multiple scattering at visibilities smaller than 200 m. The wavelength used for lidar sensors in the near infrared presents no real problems because the object to be sensed is fog appearing white which means that scattering from fog is wavelength independent. There are however differences in backscatter-to-extinction ratio for different fog and weather situations. The two solutions to these problems are polarization and multiple scattering. As known from airport operations of a laser ceilometer, one can use this multiple scattering contribution to determine the visibility.

Hahn, W.↗
NASA NTRS1995

Child Safety on the Information Highway

Most people who use online services have mainly positive experiences. But, like an endeavor, there are some risks. Children and teenagers get a lot of benefit from being online, but they can also be targets of crime and exploitation in this as in any other environment. Trusting, curious, and anxious to explore this new world and the relationships it brings, children and teenagers need parental supervision and common sense advice on how to be sure that their experiences in cyberspace are happy, healthy, and productive.

Warren, Gary P.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The Impact of Emerging Electronic Highway Control Systems on Motorist Information Requirements

Advanced forms of electronic and computerized control systems are being developed to optimize traffic flow in and between cities. Modern technology permits communication of real-time information via signs and auditory messages and allows motorists to plan ahead for safer and more efficient travel. This paper describes an on-going research program for defining drivers' information needs and behavior in response to various message types and modes of presentation. Human engineer design criteria for real-time displays will be investigated in the laboratory and in research vehicles with field testing in actual city corridors. The results will be incorporated into a design handbook for use by sign design engineers.

Huchingson, R. Dale↗
NASA NTRS1996

Intelligent Highway System

Under contract to the Texas Department of Transportation, AlliedSignal Technical Services developed the Transportation Guidance System (TransGuide) used in San Antonio, Texas. The system monitors the passage of traffic over the sensors embedded in the roadways and detects incidents. Control center operators are alerted to the occurrence of an accident and the area of the occurrence is highlighted on a map display. TransGuide incorporates technology AlliedSignal developed under various contracts to NASA at Goddard Space Flight Center, Johnson Space Center and Jet Propulsion Laboratory, including the design of ground control centers.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS2005

3-D Highway in the Sky

If it were 50 years ago, NASA's contribution to rock and roll could have been more than just the all-astronaut rock band, Max Q, composed of six NASA astronauts, all of whom have flown aboard the Space Shuttle. If it were 50 years ago, a new NASA spinoff technology, Synthetic Vision, would likely have been able to prevent the fateful, small plane crash that killed rock and roll legends Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and The Big Bopper on that stormy night in 1959. Synthetic Vision is a new cockpit display system that helps pilots fly through bad weather, and it has incredible life-saving potential. In 1997, the White House Commission on Aviation Safety and Security created NASA s Aviation Safety and Security Program (AvSSP) with the aim of sounding the depths of NASA s cutting-edge aviation advances and history of successes. The AvSSP decided to use NASA technology to cut the rate of fatal aviation accidents that occur because of lowered visibility and spatial disorientation, common problems that arise in poor weather conditions, in the dark, or with inexperienced pilots.

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