Forecasting Emissions from Carbon Capture Plants Leveraging Advanced Artificial Intelligence Models
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20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS↗
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Mass transfer intensification through increased surface wetting and liquid turbulence using 3D printing structured packing for CO2 capture
The absorber column is one of the most expensive pieces of equipment to construct in the solvent-based post-combustion carbon capture unit. In order to decrease the absorber size and reduce capital costs, novel polymer packings were proposed by enhancing surface wettability and local turbulence within liquid solvent. The novel packings intensify the mass transfer in CO2 absorption and show better separation efficiency than traditional structured packings. In this work, the economic influence of applying the more efficient packing with a shorter absorber column is studied in a techno-economic analysis for a carbon capture unit at a coal-fired power plant. The baseline case includes CO2 capture unit in a supercritical pulverized coal power plant to generate 650 MWe (net) of electricity, where the additional CO2 capture unit leads to 63.4% increase of LCOE. While implementing UK PCC with traditional and novel packings, there will be 47.2% and 46.4% LCOE increase separately, both of which are lower than the baseline value. Applying more efficient packing and smaller absorber could further lessen the LCOE increase. The UK PCC with traditional packings reduces CO2 capture cost by 23.4% and the application of the advanced packings allows to the reduction increases to 24.4%.
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
Eliminating the Derate of Carbon Capture Retrofits (Rev. 2)
This study presents updated cost and performance information on retrofitting pulverized coal (PC) power plants with post-combustion carbon capture based on an advanced solvent process, based on NETL's Fossil Energy Baseline, Revision 4A. Cases considered include those using a fully integrated capture system, a case that provides capture system steam via a natural gas boiler, and a case that provides combined heat and power via a natural gas simple cycle system. Comparison cases include both new build and retrofit analysis at 90% and 95% carbon capture.
20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS↗
Cost and Performance of Retrofitting NGCC Units for Carbon Capture – Revision 3
This study presents updated cost and performance information on retrofitting natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) power plants with post-combustion carbon capture based on an advanced solvent process, based on NETL's Fossil Energy Baseline, Revision 4A. Cases considered include those using a state-of-the-art F-frame turbine, and H-frame turbines. Cases include both greenfield and retrofit analysis at 90% and 95% carbon capture.
03 NATURAL GAS↗
Chevron Natural Gas Carbon Capture Technology Testing Project (Final Technical Report)
The objective of this project was to design, construct, commission, and operate an engineering scale post combustion carbon capture system to validate the technical maturity, operability, and scalability of Svante’s VeloxoTherm™ solid sorbent carbon capture technology under representative flue gas conditions. The project was executed at Chevron’s Kern River oil field in the San Joaquin Valley of California and evaluated carbon capture performance using slipstream flue gas from natural gas fired once through steam generators (OTSG), including indicative coal and natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) operating scenarios.
03 NATURAL GAS↗
Techno-Economic Optimization of Fixed Bed and Moving Bed Contactors for CO2 Capture from NGCC Plants Using a Functionalized Metal-Organic Framework
Amine-appended metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have strong potential for post-combustion CO2 capture from NGCC plants. In this work, a specific tetramine-appended MOF, Mg2(dobpdc)(3-4-3) (dobpdc4− = 4,4′-dioxidobiphenyl-3,3′dicarboxylate; 3-4-3 = N,N′bis(3-aminopropyl)-1,4-diaminobutane), is evaluated due to its superior performance compared to other candidate diamine-appended and tetraamine-appended MOFs. Techno-economic optimization is performed to minimize the cost of capture by using the Framework for Optimization, Quantification of Uncertainty, and Surrogates (FOQUS), which is capable of optimizing systems by using derivative-free optimization solvers where process models are built using numerous modeling platforms. The technical and economic performances of both fixed bed and moving bed processes are compared with state-of-the-art amine-based solvent systems.
Hughes, Ryan↗
Computational Modeling of CO2 Capture By Novel PIM-RU in a Fluidized Bed Riser
The interest in carbon capture, storage, and utilization (CCUS) has increased significantly in the past few decades as it can help mitigate the threat of global warming caused by substantial increase in CO2 emissions due to anthropogenic activities. Although several CO2 capture technologies have been developed, porous solid sorbents, which adsorb CO2 by physisorption, are considered promising candidates for post-combustion CO2 capture because of the easier recovery of adsorbed CO2 and high material stability. Some prominent types of porous solid sorbents are metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), Zeolite, mesoporous silica, and polymer-based sorbents (e.g., polymers with intrinsic microporosity or PIM). Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) recently developed a novel PIM-based sorbent, referred to here as PIM-RU. The main objective of this work is to investigate the CO2 capture performance of this sorbent using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). While process configuration and reactor design are open questions, a fluidized bed riser was selected as the contactor type for this study.
Aziz, Hossain↗
Carbon Capture Pilot at Dry Fork Power Station (Final Technical Report)
The objective of this project was to design, seek necessary approvals, build and operate a large-scale pilot sorbent-based post combustion carbon capture system (CCS) at a coal fired power generation facility. TDA’s CCS uses a highly stable, low-cost, high-capacity physical adsorbent to effectively remove CO 2 via a combination vacuum and concentration swing adsorption (VCSA) process. The CCS is integrated with the power plant flue gas exhaust, which is rich in CO 2 (~13% vol. CO 2 ) and removes more than 90% of the plant’s overall carbon emissions.
01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗
Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC) Power Plants with Carbon Capture and Exhaust Gas Recycle (EGR)
The purpose of this study is to determine the cost and performance of natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) power plants using state-of-the-art gas turbines with post combustion carbon capture and recycle streams designed to increase the CO 2 concentration in the inlet to the capture system. Increasing the inlet CO 2 concentration by exhaust gas recycle (EGR) is expected to improve the efficiency of the capture system and reduce its costs. Primary results indicate that adding EGR to NGCC plants with CO 2 capture results in minimal improvement to the cost of electricity. The addition of 50 percent EGR in NGCC plants with CO 2 capture reduces the LCOE by 2 percent over the LCOE of the same design without EGR as reference. Including the EGR ductwork and cooler in a greenfield plant design could still be prudent since there is some cost advantage to EGR and it would allow more flexibility for taking advantage of future improvements in the technology.
20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS↗
Developing new alkaline ceramics as possible CO 2 chemisorbents at high temperatures: The lithium and sodium yttriates (LiYO 2 and NaYO 2 ) cases
In this work, lithium and sodium yttriates (LiYO 2 and NaYO 2 ) were synthesized, characterized and tested as possible carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) captors. All the experimental syntheses and analyses were supported by the theoretical thermodynamic calculations, showing that both ceramics would be able to chemisorb CO 2 in a wide temperature range. Therefore, both ceramics were prepared by solid-state reaction and structurally characterized. In fact, the structural characterization evidenced that sodium atoms are located in a octahedral close-packed structure, while lithium ions are not so packed. The lithium ions are, indeed, in a highly distorted tetrahedron, tending to square-planar coordination. Then, based on the theoretical and structural analysis, LiYO 2 and NaYO 2 samples were investigated for the CO 2 capture process through dynamic and isothermal thermogravimetric experiments. All these experiments showed that LiYO 2 has better CO 2 capture properties than NaYO 2 , which was further correlated with the crystal structures of each ceramic. Furthermore, both ceramics presented similar CO 2 capture efficiencies regardless of the CO 2 concentration. Finally, LiYO 2 sample was tested for cyclic CO 2 chemisorption-desorption processes. The obtained results showed that the CO 2 capture efficiency is maintained high at least through 10 cycles. Therefore, these alkaline yttriates seem to present interesting alternatives as high and moderate temperature CO 2 captors, applicable for post-combustion industrial capture processes.
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
Development of process model of CESAR1 solvent system and validation with large pilot data
Presented at the 16th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologie in Lyons, France.
Morgan, Joshua↗
Polymeric membranes for CO 2 separation and capture
Over the past decade, CO 2 separation and capture have become the new bandwagon for polymer science and membrane research. This review presents the fundamentals of CO 2 /gas separation in polymeric membranes and discusses how these principles underpin opportunities and challenges for post-combustion carbon capture (CO 2 /N 2 ), hydrogen purification (CO 2 /H 2 ), and natural gas and biogas sweetening (CO 2 /CH 4 ). Emerging polymeric membrane materials are discussed, including a few polymers containing a high content of polar functional groups (i.e., ether oxygen-rich polymers and polymeric ionic liquids), shape-persisting glassy polymers (i.e., perfluoropolymers, thermally rearranged polymers, iptycene-containing polymers), and reactive polymers featuring facilitated transport. Moreover, the promising candidates for each CO 2 separation application are highlighted. Lastly, the permeability-selectivity data reviewed were plotted against their 2008 and 2019 upper bounds.
08 HYDROGEN↗
Industrial Carbon Capture from a Cement Facility Using the Cryocap™ FG Process
The objective of the project was to execute and complete front-end engineering and design (FEED) studies for commercial-scale, carbon capture projects that separate 95% of the total CO 2 emissions at an industrial facility, producing at least 100,000 metric tonnes/year of CO 2 for sequestration. The industrial facility selected is the Holcim (US) Ste. Genevieve cement manufacturing facility (the largest single kiln line in the world), while the carbon capture system selected is Pressure Swing Adsorption system (PSA) assisted Cryocap™ technology developed by Air Liquide. The industrial host site emits approximately 3 million tonnes CO 2 /year based on plant data from 2020-2022. The captured CO 2 will meet the requirements of transport (Pipeline Grade) and geological storage, and the geological storage facilities within 80 miles of the CO 2 source. The impact of the project on Environmental Justice and the regional economy was also analyzed.
01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗
Industrial Carbon Capture from a Cement Facility Using the Cryocap FG Process (FE0032136)
The project's objective was to execute and complete front-end engineering and design (FEED) studies for commercial-scale, carbon capture projects that separate 95% of the total CO2 emissions at an industrial facility, producing at least 100,000 metric tonnes/year of CO2 for sequestration. The industrial facility selected is the Holcim (US) Ste. Genevieve cement manufacturing facility (the largest single kiln line in the world), while the carbon capture system selected is Pressure Swing Adsorption system (PSA) assisted Cryocap™ technology developed by Air Liquide. The impact of the project on Environmental Justice and the regional economy was also analyzed.
01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗
Industrial Carbon Capture from a Cement Facility Using the CryocapTM FG Process (2023 FECM/NETL Conference Proceeding)
The project's objective was to execute and complete front-end engineering and design (FEED) studies for commercial-scale, carbon capture projects that separate 95% of the total CO2 emissions at an industrial facility, producing at least 100,000 metric tonnes/year of CO2 for sequestration. The industrial facility selected is the Holcim (US) Ste. Genevieve cement manufacturing facility (the largest single kiln line in the world), while the carbon capture system selected is Pressure Swing Adsorption system (PSA) assisted Cryocap™ technology developed by Air Liquide. The impact of the project on Environmental Justice and the regional economy was also analyzed.
01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗
Industrial Carbon Capture from a Cement Facility Using the CryocapTM FG Process (2022 FECM/NETL Conference Proceeding)
The project objective was to execute and complete a front-end engineering and design (FEED) study for a commercial-scale carbon capture system that separates 95% of the total CO2 emissions at Holcim Ste. Genevieve Cement Plant Using Air Liquide's Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) assisted CryocapTM FG technology.
01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗
Recent Progress in the Engineering of Polymeric Membranes for CO2 Capture from Flue Gas
CO2 capture from coal- or natural gas-derived flue gas has been widely considered as the next opportunity for the large-scale deployment of gas separation membranes. Despite the tremendous progress made in the synthesis of polymeric membranes with high CO2/N2 separation performance, only a few membrane technologies were advanced to the bench-scale study or above from a highly idealized laboratory setting. Therefore, the recent progress in polymeric membranes is reviewed in the perspectives of capture system energetics, process synthesis, membrane scale-up, modular fabrication, and field tests. These engineering considerations can provide a holistic approach to better guide membrane research and accelerate the commercialization of gas separation membranes for post-combustion carbon capture.
20 FOSSIL-FUELED POWER PLANTS↗
OPERATIONAL TECHNOLOGY BEHAVIORAL ANALYTICS (OTBA) – A DATA-CENTRIC APPROACH FOR REDUCING CYBERSECURITY RISK
This paper provides a summary of the methodology, findings, lessons learned, and insights from an investigation into the feasibility of the Operational Technology Behavioral Analytics (OTBA) cybersecurity approach. The concept was evaluated with data from the National Carbon Capture Center (NCCC) – a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) funded facility that is managed and operated by Southern Company at Alabama Power’s E. C. Gaston generating power plant in Wilsonville, Alabama. Appropriate data sources for the post-combustion carbon capture system were identified. Infrastructure was deployed to monitor, capture and archive data for the system. Critical parameters for each subsystem were identified and analyzed. Machine-learning algorithms were used to establish and characterize normal operations and subsequently identify anomalies. This effort yielded valuable insights and formed the basis of a data-centric strategy for detecting cyber-attacks along with a coordinated response philosophy. A significant takeaway is that the OTBA cybersecurity approach is quite portable; it can be applied to other critical infrastructure beyond fossil power generation.
Black, Clifton↗