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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Geochemical Changes in Response to CO 2 Injection in a CO 2 -EOR Complex in Northern Michigan

The overall purpose of the geochemical monitoring program under Midwestern Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (MRCSP) is to use stable and radiogenic isotope geochemistry in concert with analysis of general geochemical parameters of fluids and gases and analysis of core samples to determine geochemical processes occurring in the reef structure because of CO 2 injection..

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Geochemical Changes in Response to CO 2 Injection in a CO 2 -EOR Complex in Northern Michigan (Volume II.1)

The Midwest Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (MRCSP) was founded in 2003 as part of the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership initiative. Since its founding, MRCSP has made significant strides toward making CCUS a viable option for states in the region. The public/private consortium, funded through the DOE Regional Carbon Sequestration Initiative, brings together nearly 40 industry partners and 10 states. Battelle, as the project lead, oversees research, development and operations and coordinates activities among the partners. The incremental, phased approach has built a valuable knowledge base for the industry and paved the way for commercial-scale adoption of CCUS technologies. From 2008 to 2020, MRCSP Phase III focused on the development of large-scale injection projects. This report is part of a series of reports prepared under the Midwestern Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (MRCSP) Phase III (Development Phase). These reports summarize and detail the findings of the work conducted under the Phase III project. The report describes the geochemical monitoring program under MRCSP to use stable and radiogenic isotope geochemistry in concert with analysis of general geochemical parameters of fluids and gases and analysis of core samples to determine geochemical processes occurring in the reef structure because of CO 2 injection. Specifically, brine and gas samples were collected and analyzed to determine changes occurring between reefs prior to and following CO 2 injection. The analytical results for general geochemical parameters were modeled with chemical equilibrium models to determine if the injection of CO 2 resulted in the mineral dissolution or precipitation. Finally, core samples were collected and analyzed to determine if there was evidence of dissolution features or mineral precipitation.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗
DOE OSTI2019

Automatic Analyte-Ion Recognition and Background Removal for Ambient Mass-Spectrometric Data Based on Cross-Correlation

Ambient mass spectrometry is a powerful approach for rapid, high-throughput, and direct sample analysis. Due to the open-air desorption and ionization processes, random fluctuations of ambient conditions can lead to large variances in mass-spectral signals over time. The mass-spectral data also can be further complicated due to multiple analytes present in the sample, background-ion signals stemming from the desorption/ionization source itself, and other laboratory-specific conditions (e.g., ambient laboratory air, nearby hardware). Thus, background removal and analyte-ion recognition can be quite difficult, particularly in non-targeted analyses. Here, we demonstrate the use of a cross-correlation-based approach to exploit chemical information encoded in the time domain to group/categorize mass-spectral peaks from a single analysis dataset. Ions that originate from ambient (or other) background species were readily flagged and removed from spectra; the result was a decrease in mass-spectral complexity by over 70% due to the removal of these background ions. Meanwhile, analyte ions were differentiated and categorized based on their time-domain profiles. With sufficient mass resolving-power and mass-spectral acquisition rate, isolated mass spectra containing ions from the same species in a sample could be extracted, leading to a reduction in mass-spectral complexity by more than 98% in some cases. The cross-correlation approach was tested with different ionization sources as well as reproducible and irreproducible sample introduction. Software built in-house enabled fully automated data processing, which can be performed within a few seconds. Ultimately, this approach provides an additional dimension of analyte separation in ambient mass-spectrometric analyses with information that is already recorded throughout the analysis. .

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2021

Cell-Type-Specific Proteomics Analysis of a Small Number of Plant Cells by Integrating Laser Capture Microdissection with a Nanodroplet Sample Processing Platform

Plant organs and tissues contain multiple cell types, which are well organized in 3-dimensional structure to efficiently perform physiological functions such as homeostasis, response to environmental perturbation, pathogen infection. It is critically important to perform molecular measurements at the cell-type-specific level to discover mechanisms and unique features of cell populations that govern differentiation and respond to external perturbations. Although mass spectrometry-based proteomics has been demonstrated as an enabling discovery tool to study plant physiology, conventional approaches require millions of cells to generate robust biological conclusions. Such requirements mask the cell-to-cell heterogeneities and limit the comprehensive profiling of plant proteins at spatially resolved and cell-type-specific resolutions. This protocol describes a recently-developed proteomics workflow for studying a small number of plant cells by integrating laser capture microdissection, microfluidic nanodroplet-based sample preparation, with ultrasensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Using poplar as a model tree species, we provide detailed protocols, including plant tissue harvest, tissue preparation, cryosectioning, laser microdissection, protein digestion, mass spectrometry measurement, and data analysis. We show the workflow enables the precise identification and quantification of thousands of proteins from hundreds of isolated plant root and leaf cells.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Small Angle X-Ray Scattering and Polymers

Polymers are some of the most versatile and useful materials on this planet. Properties of polymers are a result of their processing history, chemical makeup, and physical structure. Therefore, characterization is necessary to develop new polymer formulations and processes. Many established techniques for polymer characterization are destructive, and alternative methods that don’t destroy samples are in high demand. Thermal analysis techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) yield important characteristic information for polymer samples while destroying the sample. Non-destructive strategies such as X ray diffraction (XRD) or small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) can also find polymer characteristics while preserving a sample’s attributes. Sample preservation is desirable when investigating novel formulation and processing methods. SAXS analysis will be done on two different polymers: polyethylene, and a triblock copolymer. Using these two polymers allows for confidence between tests as polyethylene is very common, and well understood. Polyethylene analysis will be done first, and when methods have been refined so that the SAXS data matches accepted thermal analysis values for HDPE, there will be confidence to use the same analysis on block copolymers. Block copolymers remain relatively unexplored, so SAXS data will yield valuable information on their characteristics. Understanding the mechanical properties of these polymers is paramount to their application in upcycling, a process by which waste plastic can be converted into a higher value commodity. For this project, the upcycling process will be done via 3-dimensional (3d) printing.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2016

Update on SRNL Support of Saltstone Sampling and Analysis - 16325

At the Savannah River Site, low-level waste is immobilized in cementitious waste form known as saltstone. The saltstone Performance Assessment models the performance of the waste form and other aspects of the Saltstone Disposal Facility over ten thousand years after closure to determine the transport history of radionuclides and other hazardous constituents in low-level waste. As part of an ongoing Performance Assessment Maintenance Plan, Savannah River Remediation with Savannah River National Laboratory, has designed a sampling and analyses plan to correlate the properties of field-emplaced samples and samples processed and cured in the laboratory. As part of the plan, SRR has retrieved field-emplaced samples from SDU 2A. Prior to analyzing the field emplaced samples, SRNL is developing the strategy, protocols and equipment necessary to retrieve, store in an inert environment, and analyze the three sample sets of interest outlined in the analysis plan. To date, the simulant saltstone samples have been analyzed for hydraulic conductivity, porosity, density, and other properties. This paper will give an update to the current protocols and equipment being utilized at Savannah River National Laboratory for storing and analyzing the field-emplaced and simulant samples, results from the simulant saltstone analyses, as well as analysis plans for the samples retrieved from the Saltstone Processing Facility and the field-emplaced samples. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2021

On single-crystal total scattering data reduction and correction protocols for analysis in direct space

Data reduction and correction steps and processed data reproducibility in the emerging single-crystal total-scattering-based technique of three-dimensional differential atomic pair distribution function (3D-ΔPDF) analysis are explored. All steps from sample measurement to data processing are outlined using a crystal of CuIr 2 S 4 as an example, studied in a setup equipped with a high-energy X-ray beam and a flat-panel area detector. Computational overhead as pertains to data sampling and the associated data-processing steps is also discussed. Various aspects of the final 3D-ΔPDF reproducibility are explicitly tested by varying the data-processing order and included steps, and by carrying out a crystal-to-crystal data comparison. Situations in which the 3D-ΔPDF is robust are identified, and caution against a few particular cases which can lead to inconsistent 3D-ΔPDFs is noted. Although not all the approaches applied herein will be valid across all systems, and a more in-depth analysis of some of the effects of the data-processing steps may still needed, the methods collected herein represent the start of a more systematic discussion about data processing and corrections in this field.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2026

Filtration Performance of Simulated 200 West Area Waste Feeds

This report describes the scaled experimental system and approach used to examine dead-end filtration performance of representative 200W waste feeds. The scaled system, which was originally designed and assembled to test Tank Side Cesium Removal (TSCR) system performance with higher-than-expected solid loadings in 2021 (Schonewill et al. 2021), was repurposed to conduct the current experiments at ~1/145 of full scale (based on throughput). Six experimental runs were conducted with five different 200W waste feed simulants: three using a DEF module scaled for TSCR and three using a DEF module scaled for the 200W process modules (based on the current design for the Advanced Modular Pretreatment System). Each experiment was run continuously for multiple days with an operating approach prototypic of the full-scale system. Staff performing the experimental runs monitored performance, obtained data from calibrated process instruments, and collected samples for observation and analysis. The measured data are presented with a focus on assessing DEF performance – specifically, the filters’ differential pressure response to the five waste simulants, frequency and efficacy of backwashing, and baseline recovery between experimental runs; data related to ion exchange column performance are also discussed in cases where the opportunity arose. The experimental campaign demonstrated that the DEFs satisfied their primary function of protecting the ion exchange column from solid intrusion for all the representative simulants used. The filters readily handled solids loadings of =500 ppm (and even greater), especially the modules scaled to the 200W process modules. Adjustments to the processing flow rate and reductions in feed temperature were observed to affect the rate of differential pressure increase on the filters, but neither adversely affected the ability of the DEFs to perform their primary function. Backflushing reliably recovered filter performance in all runs, although it did not prevent irreversible fouling for one simulant. The run that exhibited irreversible fouling established that both the quantity and the nature of the solids being filtered need to be considered when projecting filter performance.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2023

A hybrid machine-learning approach for analysis of methane hydrate formation dynamics in porous media with synchrotron CT imaging

Fast multi-phase processes in methane hydrate bearing samples pose a challenge for quantitative micro-computed tomography study and experiment steering due to complex tomographic data analysis involving time-consuming segmentation procedures. This is because of the sample's multi-scale structure, which changes over time, low contrast between solid and fluid materials, and the large amount of data acquired during dynamic processes. Here, a hybrid approach is proposed for the automatic segmentation of tomographic data from time-resolved imaging of methane gas-hydrate formation in sandy granular media, which includes a deep-learning 3D U-Net model. To prepare a training dataset for the 3D U-Net, a technique to automate data labeling based on sample-specific information about the mineral matrix immobility and occasional fluid movement in pores is proposed. Automatic segmentation allowed for studying properties of the hydrate growth in pores, as well as dynamic processes such as incremental flow and redistribution of pore brine. Results of the quantitative analysis showed that for typical gas-hydrate stability parameters (100 bar methane pressure, 7°C temperature) the rate of formation is slow (less than 1% per hour), after which the surface area of contact between brine and gas increases, resulting in faster formation (2.5% per hour). Hydrate growth reaches the saturation point after 11 h of the experiment. Finally, the efficacy of the proposed segmentation scheme in on-the-fly automatic data analysis and experiment steering with zooming to regions of interest is demonstrated.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Sampling and Analysis Plan for Investigation of Undeclared Nuclear Activities - 20104

The nuclear-centered energy policy in South Korea is moving towards a nuclear-free era. It also facilitates an action or progress on the denuclearization of the Korean peninsula. The Nuclear Safety and Security Commission (NSSC) launched a new R and D project which attempts to verify nuclear activities via analyzing environmental samples. Environmental samples possibly contain significant radiological information relevant to past undeclared activities. In order to precisely verify them, it is essential to provide 1) the concrete information of target facilities, 2) appropriate methodologies and procedures, and 3) well-suited instrumentation and equipment corresponding to sample signatures. It is also important to provide scientific reliability or validity in any process such as sample collection, handling, transportation and laboratory analysis. Therefore, the information of nuclear facilities (fuel fabrication plant, graphite moderated reactor, reprocessing plant) in North Korea are reviewed in order to determine parameters for appropriate sampling methods representing a facility's characteristics. Secondly, a sampling procedure for radioactive elements is being developed based on international and domestic standards such as ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials), KS (Korean industrial Standards), and International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) manuals. The procedure contains some specific information including sampling process, sampling tools, amount of sample, sample identification, and other related information. Developing the qualified national guidelines is most important since sampling and analyzing results can be used as evidences of nuclear activities. The guideline developed through this work will clearly define various methodologies such as document verification, sampling procedures, collection methods, sample storage criteria, chain of custody, and transportation conditions. The final objective of this work is to establish the infrastructure and regulatory framework for assessment of nuclear activities, and provide a national guideline for sampling and analysis. This will bring confidence in the results and play a critical role in complete denuclearization progress in South Korea. (authors)

98 NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT, SAFEGUARDS, AND PHYSICAL P↗
DOE OSTI2020

Characterising Ion-Irradiated FeCr: Hardness, Thermal Diffusivity and Lattice Strain

Ion-irradiated FeCr alloys are useful for understanding and predicting neutron damage in the structural steels of future nuclear reactors. Previous studies have largely focused on the structure of irradiation induced defects, probed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), as well as changes in mechanical properties. Across these studies, a wide range of irradiation conditions has been employed on samples with different processing histories, which complicates the analysis of the relationship between defect structures and material properties. Furthermore, key properties, such as irradiation-induced changes in thermal transport and lattice strain, are little explored. Here we present a systematic study of Fe3Cr, Fe5Cr and Fe10Cr binary alloys implanted with 20 MeV Fe3+ ions to nominal doses of 0.01 dpa and 0.1 dpa at room temperature. Nanoindentation, transient grating spectroscopy (TGS) and X-ray micro-beam Laue diffraction were used to study the changes in hardness, thermal diffusivity and strain in the material as a function of damage and Cr content. Our results suggest that Cr leads to an increased retention of irradiation-induced defects, causing substantial changes in hardness and lattice strain. However, thermal diffusivity varies little with increasing damage and instead degrades significantly with increasing Cr content in the material. We find significant lattice strains even in samples exposed to a nominal displacement damage of 0.01 dpa. The defect density predicted from the lattice strain measurements is significantly higher than that observed in previous TEM studies, suggesting that TEM may not fully capture the irradiation-induced defect population. (C) 2020 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

FeCr alloys↗
DOE OSTI2014

Comparative quantification and statistical analysis of η′ and η precipitates in aluminum alloy AA7075-T651 by TEM and AFM

Quantification of nanometric precipitates in metallic alloys has been traditionally performed using transmission electron microscopy, which is nominally a low throughput technique. This work presents a comparative study of quantification of η′ and η precipitates in aluminum alloy AA7075-T651 using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and non-contact atomic force microscopy (AFM). AFM quantification was compared with 2-D stereological results reported elsewhere. Also, a method was developed, using specialized software, to characterize nanometric size precipitates observed in dark-field TEM micrographs. Statistical analysis of the quantification results from both measurement techniques supports the use of AFM for precipitate characterization. Once the precipitate stoichiometry has been determined by appropriate analytical techniques like TEM, as it is the case for η′ and η in AA7075-T651, the relative ease with which specimens are prepared for AFM analysis could be advantageous in product and process development, and quality control, where a large number of samples are expected for analysis on a regular basis. - Highlights: • Nanometric MgZn{sub 2} precipitates in AA7075-T651 were characterized using AFM and TEM. • Phase-contrast AFM was used to differentiate metal matrix from MgZn{sub 2} precipitates. • TEM and AFM micrographs were analyzed using commercially available software. • AFM image analysis and TEM 2-D stereology render statistically equivalent results.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2018

Analysis of Krypton-85 Legacy Waste Forms: Part II

During a removal of legacy materials from one hot cell at the Idaho National Laboratory in 2010, five metal capsules and some loose zeolite material were identified as krypton (Kr) immobilization test specimens produced in the late 1970s under the Airborne Waste Management Program (AWMP). This AWMP research and development effort examined the encapsulation of 85Kr within a collapsed zeolite structure for use as a potential waste form for long-term storage. The recovered capsules appeared to have been placed to the side and remained untouched after the AWMP was halted in the mid-1980s. These reclaimed capsules and loose material presented a unique opportunity to study a potential 85 Kr waste form after three half-lives had elapsed. The first phase of this study included two parts: The first was to assess the physical condition of the capsule walls, and the second was to examine the Kr-containing material within the capsules. The first part of this study was previously reported and noted that substantial corrosion was observed throughout each capsule wall of the two previously breached capsules that were examined. One of these capsules had been hot isostatic pressed (HIPed) and one was not HIPed. The second part of the study examined the materials contained in the two previously breached capsules. There appears to be a relatively uniform distribution of Kr and rubidium throughout the pellets examined. The chemical composition of the pellets appears to be consistent with 5A molecular sieves. The material contained within the HIPed capsules showed ~1 at. % lead (Pb). The origin of the Pb is currently indeterminate. X-ray diffraction analysis shows a significant shift from the 5A structure, most likely due to the Kr encapsulation/sintering process that occurred when the samples were made. Calculations based on the energy dispersive spectrometry elemental analysis show a residual Kr level within the pellets that is within a factor of 2 of the reported Kr capacities for this type of processed material. This provides a clear indication that a significant fraction of the Kr initially encapsulated in the material remained within the waste form even following a significant breach of the capsule wall. As a result, it would appear that this Kr immobilization method, even in non-HIPed form, is very promising as a waste form for long-term storage. The successful analysis of these two breached capsules forms a solid basis for the future analysis of the remaining unbreached capsules, which offers the opportunity to provide an even more complete understanding of the long-term Kr retention performance of this promising waste form.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2019

X-Ray Fluorescence Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis Using Micro Glass Beads

The fused glass bead method is the accepted 'best practice' method of preparation of samples for X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. It minimizes the effects of sample heterogeneity and simplifies calibration by dissolving the sample into a uniform glass matrix. Glass fusion XRF samples are typically prepared by grinding sample powder with Lithium Tetraborate / Lithium Bromide and fusing the mixture at 1000 deg. C. In most cases sample-to-flux ratios of between 1:1 to 1:10 are used (1:1 for determination of trace elements and 1:10 for major elements). Typical sample mass consumed is in the range of 1000 to 2500 mg. It would be advantageous to reduce this sample mass in cases where the sample material is rare, valuable or highly radioactive. This study examines the effects of using lower sample-to-flux ratios and smaller fusion bead size on the detection and quantification of major and trace elements by XRF analysis. We have employed a micro fused glass bead process, using sample-to-flux ratios of 1:10, 1:15 and 1:25, to determine the effects on measurement precision, accuracy and detection limit. Objectives: - Created micro fused glass beads of a series of standards and andesite sample with sample-to-flux ratios of 1:10, 1:15 and 1:25. - Perform an qualitative analysis of the different sample-to-flux ratio micro beads and compare the results with the 1:5.3 beads routinely used at SRNL. - Quantitate the major components in the different sample-to-flux ratio micro beads using a wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence instrument. Advantages: - Reduce sample amount needed. - Speed up waste tank characterization. - Reduce personnel exposure. - Potential sealed source. Fused micro glass beads with sample-to-flux ratios of 1:10, 1:15 and 1:25 were created using sample amounts of 123 mg, 82 mg and 52 mg respectively. It was possible to detect most of the major oxides and some trace elements in the fused micro glass beads with different sample-to-flux ratios. The quantitative analysis showed good linear correlation between the intensity of the analysis and the concentration of the elements. Good precision and accuracy results were obtained for the majority of the major oxides in the three fused micro glass beads with different sample-to-flux ratios. Path Forward: Enhance the precision and accuracy of the method by optimizing different sample preparation steps, such as weighing and sample transfer. Continue to increase the sample-to-flux ratio to determine the minimum amount of sample needed to perform a multielement analysis. Consider the use of synthetic standards to lower the detection limit of the analysis. Used the micro bead sample preparation method to analyze radioactive samples.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2018

Versatile technique for assessing thickness of 2D layered materials by XPS

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been utilized as a versatile method for thickness characterization of various two-dimensional (2D) films. Accurate thickness can be measured simultaneously while acquiring XPS data for chemical characterization of 2D films having thickness up to approximately 10 nm. For validating the developed technique, thicknesses of few-layer graphene (FLG), MoS 2 and amorphous boron nitride (a-BN) layer, produced by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD), plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) respectively, were accurately measured. The intensity ratio between photoemission peaks recorded for the films (C 1s, Mo 3d, B 1s) and the substrates (Cu 2p, Al 2p, Si 2p) is the primary input parameter for thickness calculation, in addition to the atomic densities of the substrate and the film, and the corresponding electron attenuation length (EAL). The XPS data was used with a proposed model for thickness calculations, which was verified by cross-sectional transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurement of thickness for all the films. The XPS method determines thickness values averaged over an analysis area which is orders of magnitude larger than the typical area in cross-sectional TEM imaging, hence provides an advanced approach for thickness measurement over large areas of 2D materials. The study confirms that the versatile XPS method allows rapid and reliable assessment of the 2D material thickness and this method can facilitate in tailoring growth conditions for producing very thin 2D materials effectively over a large area. Furthermore, the XPS measurement for a typical 2D material is non-destructive and does not require special sample preparation. Furthermore, after XPS analysis, exactly the same sample can undergo further processing or utilization.

2D film thickness↗
DOE OSTI2020

SHαDE: survey description and mass–kinematics scaling relations for dwarf galaxies

ABSTRACT The Study of H α from Dwarf Emissions (SHαDE) is a high spectral resolution (R = 13 500) H α integral field survey of 69 dwarf galaxies with stellar masses 106 < M⋆ < 109 M⊙. The survey used FLAMES on the ESO Very Large Telescope. SHαDE is designed to study the kinematics and stellar populations of dwarf galaxies using consistent methods applied to massive galaxies and at matching level of detail, connecting these mass ranges in an unbiased way. In this paper, we set out the science goals of SHαDE, describe the sample properties, outline the data reduction, and analysis processes. We investigate the log M⋆–log S0.5 mass–kinematics scaling relation, which has previously shown potential for combining galaxies of all morphologies in a single scaling relation. We extend the scaling relation from massive galaxies to dwarf galaxies, demonstrating this relation is linear down to a stellar mass of M⋆ ∼ 108.6 M⊙. Below this limit, the kinematics of galaxies inside one effective radius appears to be dominated by the internal velocity dispersion limit of the H α-emitting gas, giving a bend in the log M⋆–log S0.5 relation. Replacing stellar mass with total baryonic mass using gas mass estimate reduces the severity but does not remove the linearity limit of the scaling relation. An extrapolation to estimate the galaxies’ dark matter halo masses, yields a log Mh–log S0.5 scaling relation that is free of any bend, has reduced curvature over the whole mass range, and brings galaxies of all masses and morphologies on to the virial relation.

Barat, Dilyar↗
DOE OSTI2021

A multimodal and integrated approach to interrogate human kidney biopsies with rigor and reproducibility: guidelines from the Kidney Precision Medicine Project

Comprehensive and spatially mapped molecular atlases of organs at a cellular level are a critical resource to gain insights into pathogenic mechanisms and personalized therapies for diseases. The Kidney Precision Medicine Project (KPMP) is an endeavor to generate three-dimensional (3-D) molecular atlases of healthy and diseased kidney biopsies by using multiple state-of-the-art omics and imaging technologies across several institutions. Obtaining rigorous and reproducible results from disparate methods and at different sites to interrogate biomolecules at a single-cell level or in 3-D space is a significant challenge that can be a futile exercise if not well controlled. Here we describe a “follow the tissue” pipeline for generating a reliable and authentic single-cell/region 3-D molecular atlas of human adult kidney. Our approach emphasizes quality assurance, quality control, validation, and harmonization across different omics and imaging technologies from sample procurement, processing, storage, shipping to data generation, analysis, and sharing. We established benchmarks for quality control, rigor, reproducibility, and feasibility across multiple technologies through a pilot experiment using common source tissue that was processed and analyzed at different institutions and different technologies. A peer review system was established to critically review quality control measures and the reproducibility of data generated by each technology before their being approved to interrogate clinical biopsy specimens. The process established economizes the use of valuable biopsy tissue for multiomics and imaging analysis with stringent quality control to ensure rigor and reproducibility of results and serves as a model for precision medicine projects across laboratories, institutions and consortia.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2017

RCT: Module 2.03, Counting Errors and Statistics, Course 8768

Radiological sample analysis involves the observation of a random process that may or may not occur and an estimation of the amount of radioactive material present based on that observation. Across the country, radiological control personnel are using the activity measurements to make decisions that may affect the health and safety of workers at those facilities and their surrounding environments. This course will present an overview of measurement processes, a statistical evaluation of both measurements and equipment performance, and some actions to take to minimize the sources of error in count room operations. This course will prepare the student with the skills necessary for radiological control technician (RCT) qualification by passing quizzes, tests, and the RCT Comprehensive Phase 1, Unit 2 Examination (TEST 27566) and by providing in the field skills.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗