Tank investigation of a series of related hydro-skis as load-alleviation devices for landing a seaplane in waves
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The following report contains the most essential data for the hydrodynamic portion of the twin-float problem. The following points were successfully investigated: 1) difference between stationary and nonstationary flow; 2) effect of the shape of the step; 3) effect of distance between floats; 4) effect of nose-heavy and tail-heavy moments; 5) effect of the shape of floats; 6) maneuverability.
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The theory developed by H. Wagner for the computation of the landing impact on water for a rigid float is extended to include elastic floats by introducing the concept of an equivalent rigid bottom to substitute for the actual elastic bottom.
This report contains the results of tank tests carried out at free trim on seventeen hulls and floats of various types. The data as to the weight on water, trim, and relative resistance for each model are plotted nondimensionally and are referenced both to the total weight and to the weight on water. Despite the fact that the experiments were not made systematically, a study of the models and of the test data permits nevertheless some general deductions regarding the forms of floats and their resistance. One specific conclusion is that the best models have a maximum relative resistance not exceeding 20 percent of the total weight.
This paper presents the characteristics of floats submitted to the test committee and the tests performed on them.
For the purpose of solving all the problems involved, an investigation was made with flat, rectangular planing surfaces. The investigation of a flat, rectangular planing surface, which can be considered as the portion of a flat float bottom lying in front of the step, has the advantage that the frictional resistance can be determined directly from the test results. Normal and tangential forces act on the lower side of the planing surface towed through still water, while the upper side and the lateral edges are under constant atmospheric pressure.
This report begins with a brief resume of a theoretical consideration and its results. Then a description is presented of the processes at the moment a keeled bottom strikes the water and the formulas and solutions are given. Lastly a discussion of the application of these results to practical problems is given.
A model of a Consolidated Vultee Aircraft Corporation Skate 7 sea-plane:was tested in Langley tank no= 2. Resistance data, 'spray photographs, and underwater photographs,are given in this report without discussion.