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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 127 records · Page 7

Simulink Model of a New Energy EVG-005 5kW Hydropower Turbine

Simulink model for a New Energy 5kW hydropower turbine. ADCP data ("ds_streamwise_7_13.nc") and DC voltage, DC current, and rotor rotation observed from the New Energy EVG-005 Current Energy Converter (CEC) ("electrical_7_13_10ohms.nc") were collected at the Tanana River Test Site (TRTS) near Nenana Alaska. - Data was collected on July 13th, 2023 with a constant 10 ohms resistance applied with a DC load bank. - Simulink model is meant to resemble the electrical setup at the TRTS. - Model is initialized by running the "NewEnergy_2023_10hz.m" Matlab script. Then the Simulink model ("New_Energy_Model_PMSM.slx") can be run. - Results are processed with the "NewEnergy_2023_processing.m" Matlab code. The Matlab results are also saved in the "New_Energy_7_13_model_validation_results.mat" Matlab file. This can be directly loaded into the Matlab Workspace using the "Load()" command. - The timetable variables "electrical_model_downsampled" is the model results and the "electrical_limited" is the experimental data from the TRTS.

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗

HERO WEC Belt Test Data

The following submission includes raw and processed data from the 2024 Hydraulic and Electric Reverse Osmosis Wave Energy Converter (HERO WEC) belt tests conducted using NREL's Large Amplitude Motion Platform (LAMP). A description of the motion profiles run during testing can be found in the run log document. Data was collected using NREL's Modular Ocean Data AcQuisition (MODAQ) system in the form of TDMS files. Data was then processed using Python and MATLAB and converted to MATLAB workspace, parquet, and csv file formats. During Data processing, a low pass filter was applied to each array and the arrays were then resampled to common 10Hz timestamps. A MATLAB data viewer script is provided to quickly visualize these data sets. The following arrays are contained in each test data file: - Time: Unix seconds timestamp - Test_Time: Time in seconds since beginning of test - POS_OS_1001: Encoder position in degrees (the encoder is located on the secondary shaft of the spring return and is driven by the winch after a 4.5:1 gear reduction) - LC_ST_1001: Anchor load cell data in lbf - PRESS_OS_2002: Air spring pressure in psi This data set has been developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, operated by Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC36-08GO28308. Funding provided by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Water Power Technologies Office.

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗

SAPHIRE 8 Volume 2 - Technical Reference

The Systems Analysis Programs for Hands-on Integrated Reliability Evaluations (SAPHIRE) refers to a set of computer programs that were developed to create and analyze probabilistic risk assessment (PRAs). Herein information is provided on the principles used in the construction and operation of Version 8.0 of the SAPHIRE system. This report summarizes the fundamental mathematical concepts of sets and logic, fault trees, and probability. This volume then describes the algorithms used to construct a fault tree and to obtain the minimal cut sets. It gives the formulas used to obtain the probability of the top event from the minimal cut sets, and the formulas for probabilities that apply for various assumptions concerning reparability and mission time. It defines the measures of basic event importance that SAPHIRE can calculate. This volume gives an overview of uncertainty analysis using simple Monte Carlo sampling or Latin Hypercube sampling, and states the algorithms used by this program to generate random basic event probabilities from various distributions. Also covered are enhance capabilities such as seismic analysis, Workspace algorithms, cut set "recovery," end state manipulation, and use of "compound events."

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗

Establishment of a Hub for the Light Water Reactor Sustainability Online Monitoring Community

Implementation of online monitoring and prognostics in existing U.S. nuclear power plants will involve coordinating the efforts of national laboratories, utilities, universities, and private companies. Internet-based collaborative work environments provide necessary communication tools to facilitate interaction between geographically diverse participants. Available technologies were considered, and a collaborative workspace was established at INL as a hub for the light water reactor sustainability online monitoring community.

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗

Y12 7s/Clean Sweep Benchmarking: LANL Overview [Slides]

Overview of LANL Site: 1. Approach to Environmental Stewardship. 2. Programs Supporting Environmental Goals: UMCs, Moratorium Metals, Site Cleanup, Workspace Stewardship, P2, Site Sustainability Plan. 3. Questions?

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

Define and Quantify the Physics of Air Flow, Pressure Drop and Aerosol Collection in Nuclear Grade HEPA Filters

Objective: Develop a set of peer-review and verified analytical methods to adjust HEPA filter performance to different flow rates, temperatures and altitudes. Experimental testing will measure HEPA filter flow rate, pressure drop and efficiency to verify the analytical approach. Nuclear facilities utilize HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filters to purify air flow for workspace ventilation. However, the ASME AG-1 technical standard (Code on Nuclear Air and Gas Treatment) does not adequately describe air flow measurement units for HEPA filter systems. Specifically, the AG-1 standard does not differentiate between volumetric air flow in ACFM (actual cubic feet per minute)compared to mass flow measured in SCFM (standard cubic feet per minute). More importantly, the AG-1 standard has an overall deficiency for using HEPA filter devices at different air flow rates, temperatures, and altitudes. Technical Approach: The collection efficiency and pressure drops of 18 different HEPA filters will be measured over a range of flow rates, temperatures and altitudes. The experimental results will be compared to analytical scoping calculations. Three manufacturers have allocated six HEPA filters each for this effort. The 18 filters will be tested at two different flow rates, two different temperatures and two different altitudes. The 36 total tests will be conducted at two different facilities: the ATI Test facilities (Baltimore MD) and the Los Alamos National Laboratory (Los Alamos NM). The Radiation Protection RP-SVS group at Los Alamos has an aerosol wind tunnel that was originally designed to evaluate small air samplers. In 2010, modifications were started to convert the wind tunnel for HEPA filter testing. (Extensive changes were necessary for the required aerosol generators, HEPA test fixtures, temperature control devices and measurement capabilities.) To this date, none of these modification activities have been funded through a specific DOE or NNSA program. This is expected to require six months of time, after receipt of funding. Benefits: US DOE facilities that use HEPA filters will benefit from access to the new operational measurement methods. Uncertainty and guesswork will be removed from HEPA filter operations.

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗

Extracting the Data From the LCM vk4 Formatted Output File

These are slides about extracting the data from the LCM vk4 formatted output file. The following is covered: vk4 file produced by Keyence VK Software, custom analysis, no off the shelf way to read the file, reading the binary data in a vk4 file, various offsets in decimal lines, finding the height image data, directly in MATLAB, binary output beginning of height image data, color image information, color image binary data, color image decimal and binary data, MATLAB code to read vk4 file (choose a file, read the file, compute offsets, read optical image, laser optical image, read and compute laser intensity image, read height image, timing, display height image, display laser intensity image, display RGB laser optical images, display RGB optical images, display beginning data and save images to workspace, gamma correction subroutine), reading intensity form the vk4 file, linear in the low range, linear in the high range, gamma correction for vk4 files, computing the gamma intensity correction, observations.

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗

Prototype Design, Analysis, and Results for a Liquid Radiological Waste Control Room

Human factors researchers at Idaho National Laboratory are collaborating with a utility partner to address human factors in the modernization of their radiological waste control room. The collaborating utility, Palo Verde, plans to remove all control boards associated with the liquid radiological waste system, which include controls, indicators, and alarm systems, and replace them with modernized digital instrumentation and controls and displays. To be sure the new system either supports current operational performance or enhances it, researchers have carried out three planning and analysis activities: expert operator review, function allocation analysis, and human factor principles and design applications. Researchers utilized access to expert operators to gain information about the system. Operators were asked to detail a procedure exemplifying typical interactions with the liquid radiological waste system and provide it to Idaho National Laboratory with a list of functionalities to incorporate (Section 4.1). Later, operators were asked to provide additional feedback to inform a prototype with adequate realism to support sound analysis of the system design (Section 4.2). Other operators not associated with the utility partner were also involved in experiment design and prototype evaluation (Section 4.2). Due to the extent of the upgrade, care was given to measure the change in the operator’s role (Section 7). As part of the modernization, some plant systems are expected to be equipped with automation or sensors that send information directly to the control where previously operators were required to enter controlled areas to find the information. Such updates made slight changes to operator role requirements, but the impact was negligible. The way the system is operated will remain largely the same, but operator convenience and safety is expected to increase. Additionally, to map operator tasks during the selected procedure, an Operational Sequence Diagram was created (Section 7.1). The diagram helped to account for every interaction and piece of equipment needed to create the prototype design. Alternatively, the diagram can be created following the final design to identify any function reallocations due to redesign. Human factors principles were also applied to the design. An ergonomic assessment was performed on the workspace resulting in various recommendations for placing and designing the new workstation (Section 6). A 3 D mockup of the control room was created to depict the options available with in-depth descriptions of each. Furthermore the prototype design incorporates well known human factors principles. However, to be sure the principles are sound in the control room context, the researches have designed an experiment to measure the impact design decision has on operator performance. The experiment is described in detail in Section 5. Lastly, a tool emerged as this effort began called the NUREG 0711 Crosswalk (Section 8). The tool has multiple uses, but it was primarily intended to communicate how the researcher’s action directly mapped to specific results suggested in the Nuclear Regulatory Commission review guideline. The tool also maps how current results impact future decisions in the modernization process.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗

Tritium Safety: Self-Study Course 11952

Course Overview: Tritium is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen which has characteristics that require workers understand what should be done to work safely and responsibly around it. Tritium is used for defense applications, experimental purposes for general research, and is a byproduct of some of the work that is done at LANL. Practical guidance offered in this training will inform safe handling to minimize negative impacts on personnel, the workspace, and the surrounding environment. This course, Tritium Safety Self-Study (Course 11952), provides information on the physical, chemical, and radioactive properties of tritium; sources of tritium; uses of tritium; biological effects of tritium; radiological control methods for tritium; monitoring methods of tritium; tritium waste minimization and handling; and alarms and proper response to abnormal conditions in a tritium facility. Course Objectives: When you have completed this course, you will be able to: Identify the physical, chemical, and radioactive properties of tritium; Identify the sources of tritium; Identify the uses of tritium; Identify the modes of tritium exposure; Identify the biological effects of tritium; Identify the radiological control methods of tritium; Identify methods used to monitor for tritium; Identify tritium waste minimization and handling techniques; Identify proper response to abnormal conditions in tritium facilities.

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗

Radioisotope Analysis of Wastewater from Livermore Site Retention Tanks by Gel Laboratory Gross Alpha, Gross Beta and Tritium Sampling Method

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory discharged approximately 4.4% of the City of Livermore’s total wastewater in 2022 (LLNL’s Annual Site Environmental Report, Chapter 5, 2022). This volume includes wastewater from Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) and some process wastewater from Site 300. Due to the high volume and constituents of the discharge, LLNL works alongside the City of Livermore under permit #1250, requiring wastewater generated to be monitored and sampled in accordance with permit limits. Process wastewater, from buildings with the highest risk to sewer, is collected by wastewater retention tanks throughout the Livermore Site and sampled prior to discharge. Domestic wastewater directly discharges to sanitary sewer. To maintain permit requirements and ensure proper wastewater discharge practices, an internal wastewater audit was conducted during the summer of 2023. Current wastewater practices, regulatory knowledge and risk management across various Livermore Site buildings were evaluated. Workspaces connected to a wastewater retention tank and sanitary sewer drains were major focus areas. Data collected from walk-throughs prompted further evaluation as many practices were reported to be done based on historical usage. A table of concerns was created to showcase reasons for auditing and proceeding action. An analysis of current and historical retention tank usage throughout LLNL Livermore Site buildings with radioisotope results over a 5-year period from 2019 to 2024, was done to assess building trends and any significant changes throughout the 5-year period. Analytes evaluated were Gross Alpha, Gross Beta and Tritium (GABT) of eleven buildings at the Livermore Site, posing the highest risk to sanitary sewer for radioisotopes.

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗

Hillsborough County Clear Sky Assessment Process: Prioritizing Solar + Storage for Resilient Facilities & Communities

The Clear Sky Tampa Bay project was a 15-month collaborative research effort to support solar + storage deployment for community resilience in Florida. The Clear Sky Decision Support Toolkit is a collection of resources designed to support users in conducting solar + storage prioritization and feasibility screening assessments at critical facilities. The Tampa Bay Regional Planning Council worked with four local governments in the region to test and apply the Toolkit. This case study series describes how each partner government used the Toolkit and highlights key insights and lessons learned that other users could follow to replicate the process. Hillsborough County used the Clear Sky Decision Support Toolkit to analyze solar + storage as an additional resiliency feature at its Brandon Support Operation Complex (BSOC). During normal operations, the BSOC houses water utility administration services and workspaces for water and wastewater engineers, facilities maintenance, and environmental management staff. During emergency management activation, the BSOC serves as an emergency hub for Emergency Support Function 3 (ESF-3), which includes public utilities, public works, and engineering staff support members. The BSOC is designated as a critical facility by the County.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

Vacuum Insulated Panels in a Roofing Application, Camden U.S. Post Office and Courthouse, Camden, New Jersey

The U.S. General Services Administration (GSA) Public Buildings Service (PBS) acquires space on behalf of the Federal Government through new construction and leasing and acts as a steward for federal properties across the country. PBS has jurisdiction, custody, and control over 9,624 federally owned and leased assets and maintains an inventory of more than 370.2 million square feet of workspace and because of this has enormous potential for implementing energy efficient and renewable energy technologies to reduce energy and water use and associated emissions.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

FY25 MOOSE Usability Improvements: 3D Meshing Capabilities, Initiation of Geometry Support for Monte Carlo Tools, and Enhancement of MOOSE/Workbench User Input Interactions

Usability improvements have been made to MOOSE and Workbench in FY25 to enhance usability and user workflows. Assorted enhancement have been made to MOOSE’s intrinsic meshing capabilities in order to enable more flexible and complex meshing of nuclear reactor systems, in particular for 3D applications. Mesh generators have been added to perform operations such as batch mesh generation, surface mesh generation, and creation of 3D transition layers. These mesh generation capabilities make it much easier to generate high quality non-extruded 3D meshes. Additionally, work to integrate Monte Carlo reactor physics simulations into MOOSE-based multi-physics workflows has reached another milestone with the implementation of the Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) base framework. This framework lays the foundation for mesh generators to offer the user a generic CSG output option (as opposed to a finite element mesh). To support users, workshop on the MOOSE Reactor Module was delivered which featured hands-on examples using the NEAMS Workbench on INL’s High Performance Computing system. Recent updates to the NEAMS Workbench, WASP, and the MOOSE language server have introduced several improvements aimed at making MOOSE-based simulation setup and input management faster, more accurate, and easier to use. Key capabilities that have been added include multi-tab-stop autocompletion, visual input diagnostics, developer-directed data visualizations, upgraded ParaView integration, and Workspace-level file tracking. Together, these changes make it easier for users to build, validate, and manage complex MOOSE-based simulation models — especially those involving reusable components, included files, and datasets. The improvements are designed to save time, reduce input errors, and help users get to a successful simulation run faster, with more confidence in the results.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗

SDSS-V Algorithms: Fast, Collision-free Trajectory Planning for Heavily Overlapping Robotic Fiber Positioners

Robotic fiber positioner (RFP) arrays are becoming heavily adopted in wide-field massively multiplexed spectroscopic survey instruments. RFP arrays decrease nightly operational overheads through rapid reconfiguration between fields and exposures. In comparison to similar instruments, SDSS-V has selected a very dense RFP packing scheme where any point in a field is typically accessible to three or more robots. This design provides flexibility in target assignment. However, the task of collisionless trajectory planning is especially challenging. We present two multiagent distributed control strategies that are highly efficient and computationally inexpensive for determining collision-free paths for RFPs in heavily overlapping workspaces. We demonstrate that a reconfiguration path between two arbitrary robot configurations can be efficiently found if a “folded” state, in which all robot arms are retracted and aligned in a lattice-like orientation, is inserted between the initial and final states. Although developed for SDSS-V, the approach we describe is generic and thus applicable to a wide range of RFP designs and layouts. Robotic fiber positioner technology continues to advance rapidly, and in the near future ultra-densely packed RFP designs may be feasible. Our algorithms are especially capable in routing paths in very crowded environments, where we see efficient results even in regimes significantly more crowded than the SDSS-V RFP design.

42 ENGINEERING↗

Man-machine interactive imaging and data processing using high-speed digital mass storage

The role of vision in teleoperation has been recognized as an important element in the man-machine control loop. In most applications of remote manipulation, direct vision cannot be used. To overcome this handicap, the human operator's control capabilities are augmented by a television system. This medium provides a practical and useful link between workspace and the control station from which the operator perform his tasks. Human performance deteriorates when the images are degraded as a result of instrumental and transmission limitations. Image enhancement is used to bring out selected qualities in a picture to increase the perception of the observer. A general purpose digital computer, an extensive special purpose software system is used to perform an almost unlimited repertoire of processing operations.

Alsberg, H.↗