Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “database searching”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 127 records · Page 7
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

Augmented Reality Technologies for Radiation Safety Training: A Systematic Review of Sensor Integration and Visualization Approaches

This paper presents a comprehensive systematic review examining the application of augmented reality (AR) and sensor technologies for visualizing ionizing radiation in virtual training environments. The review methodology involved systematic identification and analysis of the relevant literature based on predetermined criteria including publication type, year of publication, application domain, and technological approach. The literature search encompassed publications from 2011 to 2021 across four major academic databases: Web of Science, Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, and Scopus. Through rigorous screening following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, 23 research articles met the inclusion criteria for detailed analysis. From 404 initial database records, 360 were excluded during title/abstract screening (primarily for lacking AR components, radiation focus, or training applications) and 4 during full-text assessment (all for lacking sensor integration). The findings reveal that AR-based ionizing radiation visualization has been successfully implemented across diverse domains, including nuclear facility operations, medical procedures, CERN research activities, and educational and monitoring applications. The analysis identified multiple dimensions of impact, encompassing distinct benefits, emerging opportunities, and implementation challenges associated with AR deployment for ionizing radiation training. Each of these dimensions is comprehensively examined and documented within this review. Additionally, this study identifies critical research gaps that currently limit the full potential of AR technology in supporting ionizing radiation training programs. These gaps are systematically analyzed and discussed to establish clear directions for future research endeavors in this emerging field.

61 - RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗
DOE OSTI2025

An Integrated ML/AI Framework for Digitizing, Structuring and Searching DOE U-TRU-Fuels Data with Gap Analysis of Non-DOE Records

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Advanced Fuels Campaign (AFC) is advancing transmutation fuel technologies to reduce long-lived radioactive waste by converting minor actinides into shorter-lived or stable elements through irradiation in sodium-cooled fast reactors. Key experiments such as AFC-1, AFC-2, FUels for the transmutation of Trans-URanium elements In phéniX (FUTURIX)-Fortes Teneurs en Actinides (FTA), and Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II) X501 have provided fuel fabrication, irradiation, and performance data on various transuranic-bearing fuel forms. This report documents the creation of an artificial-intelligence assisted database, which has consolidated all DOE-owned data related to Transuranic (TRU)-bearing fuel experiments and stored across it across both the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) Nuclear Data Management and Analysis System and the INL high performance computing (HPC) infrastructure. A dedicated webpage, hosted on the INL HPC system, has been developed to support role-based access and data interaction. The database architecture allows researchers to navigate large, heterogeneous archives with far greater speed and accuracy than manual search and lays the foundation for future expansion into multimodal nuclear materials analysis environments. The database represents a major step towards a nationally integrated fuels database utilizing artificial intelligence tools.

11 - NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2020

CheckV assesses the quality and completeness of metagenome-assembled viral genomes

Abstract Millions of new viral sequences have been identified from metagenomes, but the quality and completeness of these sequences vary considerably. Here we present CheckV, an automated pipeline for identifying closed viral genomes, estimating the completeness of genome fragments and removing flanking host regions from integrated proviruses. CheckV estimates completeness by comparing sequences with a large database of complete viral genomes, including 76,262 identified from a systematic search of publicly available metagenomes, metatranscriptomes and metaviromes. After validation on mock datasets and comparison to existing methods, we applied CheckV to large and diverse collections of metagenome-assembled viral sequences, including IMG/VR and the Global Ocean Virome. This revealed 44,652 high-quality viral genomes (that is, >90% complete), although the vast majority of sequences were small fragments, which highlights the challenge of assembling viral genomes from short-read metagenomes. Additionally, we found that removal of host contamination substantially improved the accurate identification of auxiliary metabolic genes and interpretation of viral-encoded functions.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Novel application of neutrinos to evaluate U.S. nuclear weapons performance

There is a growing realization that neutrinos can be used as a diagnostic tool to better understand the inner workings of a nuclear weapon. Robust estimates demonstrate that an Inverse Beta Decay (IBD) neutrino scintillation detector built at the Nevada Test Site with a 1000-ton active target mass at a standoff distance of 500 m would detect thousands of antineutrino events per nuclear test. This would provide less than 4% statistical error on the measured antineutrino rate and 5% error on antineutrino energy. Extrapolating this to an error on the test device explosive yield requires knowledge from evaluated nuclear databases, non-equilibrium fission rates, and assumptions on internal neutron fluxes. Initial calculations demonstrate that the total number of neutrinos emitted per fission in the first 10 3 s after a short pulse of 239 Pu fission is about a factor of two less than that from Pu fissioning under steady state conditions. Furthermore, there are significant energy spectral differences as a function of time after the pulse that must be considered. These and other model dependencies will be discussed in the paper. In the absence of nuclear weapons testing, many of the technical and theoretical challenges of a full nuclear test could be mitigated with a low cost smaller scale 20 ton fiducial mass IBD demonstration detector placed near a pulsed reactor. Potential reactors include the Texas A&M University TRIGA 1 GW–10 ms pulsed facility or the Sandia Annular Core Research Reactor. The short duty cycle and repeatability of pulses would provide critical real environment testing and measurements, which would be valuable for planning a possible real test shot in the future. Furthermore, the antineutrino rate as a function of time data would provide unique constraints on fission databases and model assumptions. Finally, there are impactful science drivers such as sensitive searches for ∼1 eV 2 sterile neutrinos and ∼MeV scale axions.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2024

Signatures of Mollicutes-related endobacteria in publicly available Mucoromycota genomes

ABSTRACT Mucoromycota fungi and their Mollicutes-related endobacteria (MRE) are an ideal system for studying bacterial–fungal interactions and evolution due to the long-term and intimate nature of their interactions. However, methods for detecting MRE face specific challenges due to the poor representation of MRE in sequencing databases coupled with the high sequence divergence of their genomes, making traditional similarity searches unreliable. This has precluded estimations on the diversity of MRE associated with Mucoromycota. To determine the prevalence of previously undetected MRE in fungal genome sequences, we scanned 389 Mucoromycota genome assemblies available from the National Center for Biotechnology Information for the presence of MRE sequences using publicly available tools to map contigs from fungal assemblies to publicly available MRE genomes. We demonstrate a higher diversity of MRE genomes than previously described in Mucoromycota and a lack of cophylogeny between MRE and the majority of their fungal hosts. This supports the late invasion hypothesis regarding MRE acquisition across most of the examined fungal families. In contrast with other Mucoromycota lineages, MRE from the Gigasporaceae displayed some degree of cophylogeny with their hosts, which may indicate that horizontal transmission is restricted between members of this family or that transmission is strictly vertical. These results underscore the need for a refined process to capture sequencing data from potential fungal endosymbionts to discern their evolution and transmission. Screens of fungal genomes for MRE can help improve the quality of fungal genome assemblies while identifying new MRE lineages to further test hypotheses on their origin and evolution. IMPORTANCE Mollicutes-related endobacteria (MRE) are obligate intracellular bacteria found within Mucoromycota fungi. Despite their frequent detection, MRE roles in host functioning are still unknown. Comparative genomic investigations can improve our understanding of the impact of MRE on their fungal hosts by identifying similarities and differences in MRE genome evolution. However, MRE genomes have only been assembled from a small fraction of Mucoromycota hosts. Here, we demonstrate that MRE can be present yet undetected in publicly available Mucoromycota genome assemblies. We use these newfound sequences to assess the broader diversity of MRE and their phylogenetic relationships with respect to their hosts. We demonstrate that publicly available tools can be used to extract novel MRE sequences from assembled fungal genomes leading to insights on MRE evolution. This work contributes to a greater understanding of the fungal microbiome, which is crucial to improving knowledge on the dynamics and impacts of fungi in microbial ecosystems.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Gaps in global wildlife trade monitoring leave amphibians vulnerable

As the biodiversity crisis continues, we must redouble efforts to understand and curb pressures pushing species closer to extinction. One major driver is the unsustainable trade of wildlife. Trade in internationally regulated species gains the most research attention, but this only accounts for a minority of traded species and we risk failing to appreciate the scale and impacts of unregulated legal trade. Despite being legal, trade puts pressure on wild species via direct collection, introduced pathogens, and invasive species. Smaller species-rich vertebrates, such as reptiles, fish, and amphibians, may be particularly vulnerable to trading because of gaps in regulations, small distributions, and demand of novel species. Here, we combine data from five sources: online web searches in six languages, Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) trade database, Law Enforcement Management Information System (LEMIS) trade inventory, IUCN assessments, and a recent literature review, to characterise the global trade in amphibians, and also map use by purpose including meat, pets, medicinal, and for research. We show that 1215 species are being traded (17% of amphibian species), almost three times previous recorded numbers, 345 are threatened, and 100 Data Deficient or unassessed. Traded species origin hotspots include South America, China, and Central Africa; sources indicate 42% of amphibians are taken from the wild. Newly described species can be rapidly traded (mean time lag of 6.5 years), including threatened and unassessed species. The scale and limited regulation of the amphibian trade, paired with the triptych of connected pressures (collection, pathogens, invasive species), warrants a re-examination of the wildlife trade status quo, application of the precautionary principle in regard to wildlife trade, and a renewed push to achieve global biodiversity goals.

Hughes, Alice C.↗
DOE OSTI2024

FatPlants: a comprehensive information system for lipid-related genes and metabolic pathways in plants

Abstract FatPlants, an open-access, web-based database, consolidates data, annotations, analysis results, and visualizations of lipid-related genes, proteins, and metabolic pathways in plants. Serving as a minable resource, FatPlants offers a user-friendly interface for facilitating studies into the regulation of plant lipid metabolism and supporting breeding efforts aimed at increasing crop oil content. This web resource, developed using data derived from our own research, curated from public resources, and gleaned from academic literature, comprises information on known fatty-acid-related proteins, genes, and pathways in multiple plants, with an emphasis on Glycine max, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Camelina sativa. Furthermore, the platform includes machine-learning based methods and navigation tools designed to aid in characterizing metabolic pathways and protein interactions. Comprehensive gene and protein information cards, a Basic Local Alignment Search Tool search function, similar structure search capacities from AphaFold, and ChatGPT-based query for protein information are additional features. Database URL: https://www.fatplants.net/

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Tripal, a community update after 10 years of supporting open source, standards-based genetic, genomic and breeding databases

Abstract Online, open access databases for biological knowledge serve as central repositories for research communities to store, find and analyze integrated, multi-disciplinary datasets. With increasing volumes, complexity and the need to integrate genomic, transcriptomic, metabolomic, proteomic, phenomic and environmental data, community databases face tremendous challenges in ongoing maintenance, expansion and upgrades. A common infrastructure framework using community standards shared by many databases can reduce development burden, provide interoperability, ensure use of common standards and support long-term sustainability. Tripal is a mature, open source platform built to meet this need. With ongoing improvement since its first release in 2009, Tripal provides full functionality for searching, browsing, loading and curating numerous types of data and is a primary technology powering at least 31 publicly available databases spanning plants, animals and human data, primarily storing genomics, genetics and breeding data. Tripal software development is managed by a shared, inclusive governance structure including both project management and advisory teams. Here, we report on the most important and innovative aspects of Tripal after 11 years development, including integration of diverse types of biological data, successful collaborative projects across member databases, and support for implementing FAIR principles.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

NP-MRD: the Natural Products Magnetic Resonance Database

The Natural Products Magnetic Resonance Database (NP-MRD) is a comprehensive, freely available electronic resource for the deposition, distribution, searching and retrieval of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data on natural products, metabolites and other biologically derived chemicals. NMR spectroscopy has long been viewed as the ‘gold standard’ for the structure determination of novel natural products and novel metabolites. NMR is also widely used in natural product dereplication and the characterization of biofluid mixtures (metabolomics). All of these NMR applications require large collections of high quality, well-annotated, referential NMR spectra of pure compounds. Unfortunately, referential NMR spectral collections for natural products are quite limited. It is because of the critical need for dedicated, open access natural product NMR resources that the NP-MRD was funded by the National Institute of Health (NIH). Since its launch in 2020, the NP-MRD has grown quickly to become the world's largest repository for NMR data on natural products and other biological substances. It currently contains both structural and NMR data for nearly 41,000 natural product compounds from >7400 different living species. All structural, spectroscopic and descriptive data in the NP-MRD is interactively viewable, searchable and fully downloadable in multiple formats. Extensive hyperlinks to other databases of relevance are also provided. The NP-MRD also supports community deposition of NMR assignments and NMR spectra (1D and 2D) of natural products and related meta-data. The deposition system performs extensive data enrichment, automated data format conversion and spectral/assignment evaluation.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

The Efficacy and Safety of Mesalamine and Probiotics in Mild‐to‐Moderate Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Objective . To evaluate the efficacy and safety of mesalamine in conjunction with probiotics for ulcerative colitis. Methods . Random controlled trials (RCTs) were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and VIP (VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals) from inception to October 2019. Methodological quality was assessed by the Cochrane Collaboration tool. The quality of evidence was rated by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Data analysis was carried out in Review Manager 5.3. Results . A total of fifteen studies met the criteria for inclusion. Thirteen studies reported the clinical efficacy, three studies provided data on the clinical symptom scores, two trials reported disease activity index, four studies evaluated endoscopic score, and twelve studies reported adverse events. For ulcerative colitis (UC), mesalamine and probiotics had better clinical efficacy than mesalamine alone (≤8 weeks: RR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.07–1.18, P < 0.0001; >8 weeks: RR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.11–1.41, P = 0.0003). On the clinical symptom scores, disease activity index, and endoscopic score, UC patients receiving mesalamine and probiotics had significant difference than patients receiving mesalazine alone (MD = −2.02, 95% CI: −3.28 to −0.76, P = 0.002; MD = −1.20, 95% CI: −1.76 to −0.65, P < 0.001; and MD = −0.42, 95% CI: −0.61 to −0.23, P < 0.0001, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in adverse events between the two groups (RR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.54 to 1.43, P = 0.60). Conclusion . Our meta‐analysis results supported that mesalamine and probiotics were effective and safe in treating ulcerative colitis.

Tian, Chunying↗
DOE OSTI2022

Improved Mobilome Delineation in Fragmented Genomes

The mobilome of a microbe, i.e., its set of mobile elements, has major effects on its ecology, and is important to delineate properly in each genome. This becomes more challenging for incomplete genomes, and even more so for metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), where misbinning of scaffolds and other losses can occur. Genomic islands (GIs), which integrate into the host chromosome, are a major component of the mobilome. Our GI-detection software TIGER, unique in its precise mapping of GI termini, was applied to 74,561 genomes from 2,473 microbial species, each species containing at least one MAG and one isolate genome. A species-normalized deficit of ∼1.6 GIs/genome was measured for MAGs relative to isolates. To test whether this undercount was due to the higher fragmentation of MAG genomes, TIGER was updated to enable detection of split GIs whose termini are on separate scaffolds or that wrap around the origin of a circular replicon. This doubled GI yields, and the new split GIs matched the quality of single-scaffold GIs, except that highly fragmented GIs may lack central portions. Cross-scaffold search is an important upgrade to GI detection as fragmented genomes increasingly dominate public databases. TIGER2 better captures MAG microdiversity, recovering niche-defining GIs and supporting microbiome research aims such as virus-host linking and ecological assessment.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

An experimentally informed design process for future inertial confinement fusion facilities

The achievement of ignition in the laboratory has renewed interest in defining the requirements for a future high-gain inertial confinement fusion (ICF) facility. Our best chance of predicting future ICF performance is with 3-D radiation hydrodynamic simulations that have been benchmarked against experimental data, but their high computational cost is prohibitive for use in practical design studies. We introduce a hierarchical approach where 3-D simulations are tuned to match experimental measurements and used to train 3-D degradation models in 1-D simulations allowing for accurate predictions over the entire OMEGA direct-drive database. A genetic algorithm was used in combination with the trained 1-D simulations to search for optimal direct-drive implosion designs at driver energies ranging from 20 kJ to 10 MJ. As the fidelity of 3-D codes improves, this approach will provide a viable experimentally informed tool for defining the next ICF facility.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2025

MTUQ: a framework for estimating moment tensors, point forces, and their uncertainties

SUMMARY We introduce MTUQ, an open-source Python package for seismic source estimation and uncertainty quantification, emphasizing flexibility and operational scalability. MTUQ provides MPI-parallelized grid search and global optimization capabilities, compatibility with 1-D and 3-D Green’s function database formats, customizable data processing, C-accelerated waveform and first-motion polarity misfit functions, and utilities for plotting seismic waveforms and visualizing misfit and likelihood surfaces. Applicability to a range of full- and constrained-moment tensor, point force, and centroid inversion problems is possible via a documented application programming interface, accompanied by example scripts and integration tests. We demonstrate the software using three different types of seismic events: (1) a 2009 intraslab earthquake near Anchorage, Alaska; (2) an episode of the 2021 Barry Arm landslide in Alaska; and (3) the 2017 Democratic People’s Republic of Korea underground nuclear test. With these events, we illustrate the well-known complementary character of body waves, surface waves, and polarities for constraining source parameters. We also convey the distinct misfit patterns that arise from each individual data type, the importance of uncertainty quantification for detecting multimodal or otherwise poorly constrained solutions, and the software’s flexible, modular design.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Annotated Bibliography of Literature Addressing the Low-Income Energy Affordability in the United States

Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), with support from the Georgia Institute of Technology, conducted a “meta review” of low-income energy affordability in the United States. The first step of that review involved the creation of an annotated bibliography of literature focused on low-income household energy affordability, needs, and gaps. This bibliography includes abstracts of the published literature discussed in the meta review. This annotated bibliography describes the relatively current literature (published from 2010 to 2019) that examines low-income energy affordability in the United States. As an initial search criterion, literature was compiled from journal publications archived in Web of Science and Scopus databases.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2020

MaizeMine: A Data Mining Warehouse for the Maize Genetics and Genomics Database

MaizeMine is the data mining resource of the Maize Genetics and Genome Database (MaizeGDB; http://maizemine.maizegdb.org). It enables researchers to create and export customized annotation datasets that can be merged with their own research data for use in downstream analyses. MaizeMine uses the InterMine data warehousing system to integrate genomic sequences and gene annotations from the Zea mays B73 RefGen_v3 and B73 RefGen_v4 genome assemblies, Gene Ontology annotations, single nucleotide polymorphisms, protein annotations, homologs, pathways, and precomputed gene expression levels based on RNA-seq data from the Z. mays B73 Gene Expression Atlas. MaizeMine also provides database cross references between genes of alternative gene sets from Gramene and NCBI RefSeq. MaizeMine includes several search tools, including a keyword search, built-in template queries with intuitive search menus, and a QueryBuilder tool for creating custom queries. The Genomic Regions search tool executes queries based on lists of genome coordinates, and supports both the B73 RefGen_v3 and B73 RefGen_v4 assemblies. The List tool allows you to upload identifiers to create custom lists, perform set operations such as unions and intersections, and execute template queries with lists. When used with gene identifiers, the List tool automatically provides gene set enrichment for Gene Ontology (GO) and pathways, with a choice of statistical parameters and background gene sets. With the ability to save query outputs as lists that can be input to new queries, MaizeMine provides limitless possibilities for data integration and meta-analysis.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Viroid-like “obelisk” agents are widespread in the ocean and exceed the abundance of RNA viruses in the prokaryotic fraction

Abstract “Obelisks” are recently discovered ribonucleic acid (RNA) viroid-like elements present in diverse environments with no phylogenetic similarity to any known biological agent. obelisks were first identified in the human gut and in a commensal bacterium acting as a replicative host. They have a circular ∼1 kb RNA genome, rod-like secondary structures, and the encoding of a protein superfamily called “Oblins”. We performed a large-scale search of obelisks in the ocean using the Pebblescout program and the transcriptomic Sequence Archive Read databases, revealing the biogeography and abundance of these viroid-like RNA elements. We detected 55 obelisk genomes resulting in 35 marine clusters at the species level. These obelisks were detected in the prokaryotic fraction and to a lesser extent in the eukaryotic fraction, and distributed across all the oceans from surface to mesopelagic including the Arctic, and even in the coldest seawater of Earth beneath the Antarctic Ross Ice Shelf. The obelisk hallmark protein Oblin-1 confirmed by 3D models was found in various marine samples. Some of the detected marine obelisks harbor hammerhead self-cleaving ribozymes in both polarities. In the prokaryotic, but not the eukaryotic, fraction of the Tara Ocean dataset, relative abundance of obelisks calculated by transcriptomic fragment recruitment indicated that they are abundant in marine samples, reaching or even exceeding the relative abundance of the previously discovered uncultured RNA viruses. In conclusion, obelisks are abundant and widespread viroid-like elements that should be included in ocean biogeochemical models.

Environmental Sciences & Ecology↗
DOE OSTI2023

Industry Facing PV Degradation Prediction Tool and Database to Enable a 50 Year Life Module

The goal of this work is to create an online tool that can be used to search for degradation information and extrapolate PV module performance and durability to field exposure. A graphical user interface will aid in the understanding of the results. The prediction tool will be built modular and published open-source allowing users to expand on the existing framework.

degradation↗