Risky decisions by individuals and groups
Individual and group risky decision preference in action task performance
Goodman, B. C. E.↗
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Organizational factors and individual performance - A longitudinal study
Correlations between organizational factors and individual engineer performance, analyzing stability of relationships and time lags in measurement
Farris, G. F.↗
Individual recognition between mother and infant bats (Myotis)
The recognition process and the basis for that recognition, in brown bats, between mother and infant are analyzed. Two parameters, ultrasonic communication and olfactory stimuli, are investigated. The test animals were not allowed any visual contact. It was concluded that individual recognition between mother and infant occurred. However, it could not be determined if the recognition was based on ultrasonic signals or olfactory stimuli.
Turner, D.↗
Flat conductor cable connectors with individually sealed contacts
Information is presented on flat conductor cable connectors, a series with individually sealed contacts. Data are concerned with connector historical development, design requirements, and testing and costs.
Angele, W.↗
U, Th, Pb and REE abundances and Pb 207/Pb 206 ages of individual minerals in returned lunar material by ion microprobe mass analysis.
Results of ion microprobe analyses of Apollo 11, 12 and 14 material, showing that U, Th, Pb and REE are concentrated in accessory minerals such as apatite, whitlockite, zircon, baddeleyite, zirkelite, and tranquillityite. Th/U ratios are found to vary by over a factor of 40 in these minerals. K, Ba, Rb and Sr have been localized in a K rich, U and Th poor glass phase that is commonly associated with the U and Th bearing accessory minerals. Li is observed to be fairly evenly distributed between the various accessory phases. The phosphates have been found to have REE abundance patterns (normalized to the chondrite abundances) that are fairly flat, while the Zr bearing minerals have patterns that rise steeply, by factors of ten or more, from La to Gd. All the accessory minerals have large negative Eu anomalies. Radiometric age dates (Pb 207/Pb 206) of the individual U and Th bearing minerals compare favorably with the Pb 207/Pb 206 age of the bulk rocks.
Andersen, C. A.↗
Analysis of individual particles collected from the stratosphere.
Four classified types of particles in stratospheric balloon collections include chains, aggregates, crystals, and irregular solids which are often liquid coated. An analysis has been made of many individual particles using an X-ray detector on a scanning electron microscope. Chain type particles are composed entirely of elements lighter than sodium. All other particle types are composed mostly of various combinations of the elements Al, Si, Na, K, Ca, Fe, Mg, Ti, and S. The most common element group is Al, Si, Ca or K, and Fe, followed by sulfur or calcium alone. At lower altitudes (12-15 km), liquid is usually associated with the particles and sulfur is prominent. At higher altitudes (23-36 km), liquids and sulfur are usually absent. However, when liquids are occasionally found, so is sulfur. Particles collected with NASA aircraft at 12 km also contain mostly the Al, Si, Ca, Fe element group with associated sulfur, or sulfur alone.
Farlow, N. H.↗
The estimation of masses of individual galaxies in clusters of galaxies.
Three different methods of estimating masses are discussed. The 'density method' is based on the analysis of the density distribution of galaxies around the object whose mass is to be found. The 'bound-galaxy method' gives estimates of the mass of a double, triple, or quadruple system from analysis of the orbital motion of the components. The 'virial method' utilizes the formulas derived for the second method to obtain estimates of the virial-theorem masses of whole clusters, and thus to obtain upper limits on the mass of an individual galaxy in a cluster. The analytic formulas are developed and compared with computer experiments, and some applications are given.
Wolf, R. A.↗
Concentration of Airline Operations at Individual Airports
It is shown that it is a natural property of air transportation networks for competitive airlines to concentrate their operations at individual airports serving a given market. This implies that a strategy of developing satellite airports is doomed to failure unless the competitives behavior of the airlines is restricted. The results are demonstrated by tracing out the implications of observed patterns of traveller behavior as regards choice of carrier on the optimal game strategy for any particular airline. Analytic results for a two airline, two airport situation are extrapolated to the more general case, and specific supportive evidence from current operations are cited.
Gelerman, W.↗
Elemental composition of individual chondrules from ordinary chondrites.
Sequential nondestructive neutron activation analysis was used to determine the bulk abundance of Fe, Al, Na, Mn, Cr, Sc, Co, and Ir in approximately 300 individual chondrules from 16 chondrites representing the H(3-5), L4, and LL(3-6) compositional and petrologic classes. The histograms indicate that the most probable abundances for lithophilic elements, except Cr, are enriched in the chondrules, while the siderophilic elements are depleted in the chondrules compared to the whole chondrite. Some of the abundance populations, such as Al and Fe, appear to be multimodal. Systematic variations in the composition of the chondrules with increasing petrologic type were observed; most consistent are an increasing Na-Al and Cr-Al correlation, a decreasing Na-Mn correlation, increasing Na abundance, and decreasing Na and Mn dispersions among chondrules.
Osborn, T. W.↗
Energy spectra of individual cosmic-ray elements with 12 less than or equal to Z less than or equal to 28
Results are presented from a high-altitude balloon flight in September 1972 of a detector using ionization chambers and a Lucite Cerenkov counter. Relative abundances of elements of 14 less than or equal to Z less than or equal to 30 are presented, as are energy spectra for individual elements between 0.8 and 1.6 GeV/N. A difference between the low- and high-energy relative abundances of iron and iron-secondaries is found, as well as a sharp fall-off in the Fe/Si ratio below 1 GeV/N.
Israel, M. H.↗
Mapping individual logical processes in information searching
An interactive dialog with a computerized information collection was recorded and plotted in the form of a flow chart. The process permits one to identify the logical processes employed in considerable detail and is therefore suggested as a tool for measuring individual thought processes in a variety of situations. A sample of an actual test case is given.
Smetana, F. O.↗
Absolute integrated intensity and individual line parameters for the 6.2-micron band of NO2
The absolute integrated intensity of the 6.2-micron band of NO2 at 40 C was determined from quantitative spectra at about 10 per cm resolution by the spectral band model technique. A value of 1430 plus or minus 300 per sq cm per atm was obtained. Individual line parameters, positions, intensities, and ground-state energies were derived, and line-by-line calculations were compared with the band model results and with the quantitative spectra obtained at about 0.5 per cm resolution.
Goldman, A.↗
Individual differences in human annoyance response to noise
Individual variations in annoyance and in susceptibility to noise were studied to establish a finer definition of the ingredients of the human annoyance response. The study involved interactions among a heterogeneous sample of human subjects, various noise stimuli, and different physical environments of exposure. Significant differences in annoyance ratings among the six noise stimuli, all equated for peak sound pressure level, were found.
Pearson, R. G.↗
A simple technique for individual picosecond laser pulse duration measurements
We describe here a simple nonlinear optic technique for the measurement of the duration of individual picosecond pulses. The accuracy and relative simplicity of the technique increase with the number of pulses measured. An experimental test of the basis of the technique is described.
Smith, W. L.↗
Effect of air temperature and relative humidity at various fuel-air ratios on exhaust emissions on a per-mode basis of an Avco Lycoming 0-320 DIAD light aircraft engine. Volume 2: Individual data points
A carbureted four cylinder air cooled 0-320 DIAD Lycoming aircraft engine was tested to establish the effects of air temperature and humidity at various fuel-air ratios on the exhaust emissions on a per-mode basis. The test conditions included carburetor lean-out at air temperatures of 50, 59, 80, and 100 F at relative humidities of 0, 30, 60, and 80 percent. Temperature-humidity effects at the higher values of air temperature and relative humidity tested indicated that the HC and CO emissions increased significantly, while the NOx emissions decreased. Even at a fixed fuel-air ratio, the HC emissions increase and the NOx emissions decrease at the higher values of air temperature and humidity. Volume II contains the data taken at each of the individual test points.
Skorobatckyi, M.↗
The chemistry of some individual lunar soil agglutinates
The inquiry is centered on the composition of agglutinate glasses examined via microprobe techniques. The glass chemistry of the agglutinates is brought into relation with compositions of constituent detritus and bulk compositions of the parent soils, with recent reported results taken into cognizance. Electron microprobe analysis data were examined for possible chemical fractionation resulting from meteoritic impacts and formation of agglutinates in the lunar regolith; individual agglutinates from lunar soils 78222, 71061, and 60009 were probed. Differences between impact glasses and corresponding bulk soils were scrutinized. Agglutinate glass analyses tend to cluster near the bulk soil compositions. A slight enrichment in mafic elements in grand averages of the agglutinate clusters relative to the bulk soils was found. Evidence of total impact melts and minor partial shock melts is examined.
Gibbons, R. V.↗
Effects of road traffic background noise on judgments of individual airplane noises
Two laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of road-traffic background noise on judgments of individual airplane flyover noises. In the first experiment, 27 subjects judged a set of 16 airplane flyover noises in the presence of traffic-noise sessions of 30-min duration consisting of the combinations of 3 traffic-noise types and 3 noise levels. In the second experiment, 24 subjects judged the same airplane flyover noises in the presence of traffic-noise sessions of 10-min duration consisting of the combinations of 2 traffic-noise types and 4 noise levels. In both experiments the airplane noises were judged less annoying in the presence of high traffic-noise levels than in the presence of low traffic-noise levels.
Powell, C. A.↗
Selective formation of microparticles by homopolyribonucleotides and proteinoids rich in individual amino acis
The formation of phase-separated microparticles following the mixing of solutions of homopolyribonucleotides with solutions of several basic thermal proteinoids, each rich in an individual amino acid, has been studied. Three of the 4 proteinoids studied yielded results consistent with a matrix of anticodonicity; the fourth did not. The meaning of these results, and others, relative to a postulated matrix for the genetic coding mechanism is discussed.
Lacey, J. C., Jr.↗