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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Managing HRP's External Deliverables: The Process and the Customers

The Human Research Program’s (HRP) external deliverables (EDs) are the final outcomes of the research that the HRP Elements develop and execute. The NASA Human Health and Performance directorate’s primary stakeholders, i.e., the customers for the EDs, include the Office of the Chief Health and Medical Officer (OCHMO) (Standards Team, Chief Health and Performance Officers and Chief Medical Officers, Human System Risk Board), and the agency’s System Capability Leadership Teams. The EDs may address the need of a specific customer, a specific design reference mission, or a vehicle lifecycle milestone. HRP’s Maturation and Integration Office External Programs facilitates the process of delivering the EDs to the targeted customers according to the customer’s expectations. This presentation describes this coordinated process and provides an overview of the nature of different types of EDs and how they impact the customers’ products. Successful transfer of the EDs to the customers will help mitigate the health and performance risks that crewmembers will face during NASA’s future exploration missions.

research↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Managing HRP’S External Deliverables: The Process and the Customers

The Human Research Program’s (HRP) external deliverables (EDs) are the final outcomes of the research that the HRP Elements develop and execute. Four categories of HRP EDs exist: standards, requirements, countermeasures, and tools/technology. The NASA Human Health and Performance directorate’s primary stakeholders, i.e., the customers for the EDs, include the Office of the Chief Health and Medical Officer (OCHMO) (Standards Team, Chief Health and Performance Officers and Chief Medical Officers, Human System Risk Board), and the agency’s System Capability Leadership Teams. The EDs may address the need of a specific customer, a specific design reference mission, or a vehicle lifecycle milestone. HRP’s Maturation and Integration Office External Programs facilitates the process of delivering the EDs to the targeted customers according to the customer’s expectations. This presentation describes this coordinated process and provides an overview of the nature of different types of EDs and how they impact the customers’ products. Successful transfer of the EDs to the customers will help mitigate the health and performance risks that crewmembers will face during NASA’s future exploration missions.

HRP research external deliverables↗
NASA NTRS1983

A program for planetary exploration

A series of recommendations constituting a core program for planetary exploration, to last from the present to the year 2000, is the outcome of a two-year study undertaken by the NASA Solar System Exploration Committee. The missions envisioned by the core program must be insulated from costly changes and delays once they are approved. The present Committee has therefore restricted its recommendations to missions which do not require novel technologies, but rather continue the techniques of the flybys, orbiters and atmospheric entry probes that have been successful in the past. Recommendations are made for exploration of the inner planets, cometary and asteroid bodies, and the outer planets. Attention is given to the identification of key elements driving mission costs. It is noted that the Space Shuttle/Centaur upper stage combination brings within reach comet and asteroid rendezvous missions that were once thought to require costly new technology.

Morrison, D.↗
DOE OSTI2022

Carbon and energy cost impacts of electrification of space heating with heat pumps in the US

In order to meet climate goals, it will be necessary to significantly reduce the greenhouse gases emitted by homes. A key factor in the US is to reduce the on-site combustion of fossil fuels for heating end-uses and to replace this with use of electric heat pump technologies connected to a low-carbon grid. The replacement of natural gas furnaces with electric heat pumps is a key home decarbonization strategy. However, the potential for space heating electrification to reduce greenhouse gas emissions depends on the carbon dioxide equivalent (CO 2 e) content of the electricity used by the heat pump. This varies considerably depending on the source of electricity, with large state to state variability. Furthermore, household energy costs are likely to be impacted by the electrification of space heating, because retail energy prices for both natural gas and electricity in each state vary by factors of seven and four, respectively. Contractors, energy programs, government and building code officials, as well as consumers need clear indications of the likely CO 2 e and energy cost impacts of proposed electrification projects, because these will affect decarbonization choices and rationales around scaled heating electrification. Government and utility programs also need to be aware of the likely outcomes of any supported/incentivized measures. Here, in this paper, we investigate these effects by looking at new metrics to analyze the change in CO 2 e emitted and the cost to meet home heating loads when switching from a natural gas furnace to a heat pump for the contiguous 48 states of the mainland US.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2020

Study of correlation effects in nuclei at the limit of stability. Final report

Exotic nuclei far from the valley of stability are a particularly exciting testing ground to probe nucleon-nucleon correlations in a regime where the numbers of constituent protons and neutrons are out of balance and the influence of isospin-dependent terms within the nuclear force becomes amplified. The grant DE-FG02-08ER41556 has supported from 2008 to 2019 an MSU graduate student research assistantship at the heart of a research program that explored the evolution of nuclear structure in exotic nuclei with gamma-ray spectroscopy experiments in the N=40 region of neutron-rich nuclei at NSCL and at ATLAS at Argonne National Laboratory and that mounted a new low-energy Coulomb excitation program at NSCL’s ReA accelerator within the PI’s research program. This final scientific/technical report describes the results and outcomes resulting from the support by the Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2026

California Bridge to the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) (Final Technical Report)

This report summarizes the activities and outcomes of DOE Grant DE-SC0022358, a traineeship program designed to prepare students for future nuclear physics research at the Electron-Ion Collider. The project leveraged the California EIC Consortium and statewide academic networks to provide immersive research experiences spanning universities and national laboratories. Participants engaged in theoretical, computational, and experimental research related to EIC physics and took part in professional meetings and collaborative research activities. The program supported student preparation for advanced study and research careers in nuclear physics.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Final Technical Report for GROWTH-MSI at Sonoma University

This final technical report describes the goals, activities, outcomes, and broader impacts of the GROWTH-MSI program, supported through the DOE RENEW Initiative in High Energy Physics. The program established a 1.5-year traineeship for undergraduate students from six Northern California Minority Serving Institutions, connected students with DOE laboratory research mentors, provided particle physics coursework and professional development, and advanced HEP research infrastructure at CSU Stanislaus and Sonoma State University.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
NASA NTRS1986

The SIRTF mission

This paper describes the scientific and technical background and prospects for the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF). SIRTF is a cryogenically-cooled, one meter-class space telescope which will be operated by NASA as an observatory for infrared astronomy, in the mid-1990's. SIRTF will provide detailed studies of even the faintest IRAS sources, important new capabilities for the study of known astrophysical phenomena, and the potential to make new and unexpected discoveries about the nature of the universe. The long-life SIRTF mission has undergone intensive review by the SIRTF Science Working Group, which was selected in mid-1984. This paper presents the outcome of that review process and describes the SIRTF program as it is now envisioned. Particular emphasis will be placed on the choice of orbit for SIRTF, the SIRTF scientific performance requirements, and the baseline design concept for the SIRTF facility and mission.

Werner, Michael W.↗
NASA NTRS1997

Coping with Irregular Operations: Implications for a Free Flight Environment

Irregular operations involve disruption of scheduled airline operations. They ate of concern to the carriers because they cost money, require personnel effort, and may harm customer good will. Irregular operations may result from aircraft system malfunctions that take planes out of service or result in cancellations, Might system problems or passenger medical emergencies that require diversions, local airport problems that may close down a runway, or weather systems that restrict flow into airports or regions. At the heart of responding to irregular operations is distributed decision making by members of airline operations centers, pilots, and the air traffic control system. Six U.S. carriers participated in a study in which we observed strategies used by operations center personnel to handle various classes of irregular operations. We focused on situations that are most disruptive to regular operations and are most difficult to cope with. We also sought to identify classes of events that would be most affected by changes in the air traffic management system. How a carrier deals with disruptions to its schedule reflects its philosophy and primary goals, as well as its resources. Size and type of operations (short or long-haul) determine which problems have priority. Each airline has different technological support tools to aid in flight planning and replanning, and some carriers have established contingency procedures for coping with various situations. We also examined differences in extent and type of interaction between ABC personnel and various elements of the air traffic system as they managed various problems: who interacts with AM what situations prompt interaction, how often these occur, and the outcomes and Perceived benefits. Use of the expanded NRP program was also studied, along with its advantages to the individual companies. We also examined the implications of the proposed change to a free flight environment on airline strategies for coping with irregular operations.

Orasanu, Judith↗
NASA NTRS2002

Bulk Micromachined 6H-SiC High-g Piezoresistive Accelerometer Fabricated and Tested

High-g accelerometers are needed in certain applications, such as in the study and analysis of high-g impact landings and projectiles. Also, these accelerometers must survive the high electromagnetic fields associated with the all-electric vehicle technology needed for aerospace applications. The choice of SiC is largely due to its excellent thermomechanical properties over conventional silicon-based accelerometers, whose material properties inhibit applicability in high electromagnetic radiation and high temperatures (>150 C) unless more complex and sometimes costly packaging schemes are adopted. This work was the outcome of a NASA Glenn Research Center summer internship program, in collaboration with Cornell University and the Munitions Directorate of the U.S. Air Force in Eglin, Florida. It aimed to provide the enabling technology infrastructure (modeling, fabrication, and validation) for the implementation of SiC accelerometers designed specifically for harsh environments.

Okojie, Robert S.↗
NASA NTRS2012

Anaphylaxis, Intra-Abdominal Infections, Skin Lacerations, and Behavioral Emergencies: A Literature Review of Austere Analogs for a near Earth Asteroid Mission

As space exploration is directed towards destinations beyond low-Earth orbit, the consequent new set of medical risks will drive requirements for new capabilities and more resources to ensure crew health. The Space Medicine Exploration Medical Conditions List (SMEMCL), developed by the Exploration Medical Capability element of the Human Research Program, addresses the risk of "unacceptable health and mission outcomes due to limitations of in-flight medical capabilities". It itemizes 85 evidence-based clinical requirements for eight different mission profiles and identifies conditions warranting further research and technology development. Each condition is given a clinical priority for each mission profile. Four conditions -- intra-abdominal infections, skin lacerations, anaphylaxis, and behavioral emergencies -- were selected as a starting point for analysis. A systematic literature review was performed to understand how these conditions are treated in austere, limited-resource, space-analog environments (i.e., high-altitude and mountain environments, submarines, military deployments, Antarctica, isolated wilderness environments, in-flight environments, and remote, resource-poor, rural environments). These environments serve as analogs to spaceflight because of their shared characteristics (limited medical resources, delay in communication, confined living quarters, difficulty with resupply, variable time to evacuation). Treatment of these four medical conditions in austere environments provides insight into medical equipment and training requirements for exploration-class missions.

Chough, Natacha G.↗
NASA NTRS2013

Assess/Mitigate Risk through the Use of Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) Tools

The NASA Engineering and Safety Center (NESC) was requested to perform an independent assessment of the mitigation of the Constellation Program (CxP) Risk 4421 through the use of computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools. With the cancellation of the CxP, the assessment goals were modified to capture lessons learned and best practices in the use of CASE tools. The assessment goal was to prepare the next program for the use of these CASE tools. The outcome of the assessment is contained in this document.

Aguilar, Michael L.↗
DOE OSTI2021

Who is participating in residential energy efficiency programs? Exploring demographic and other household characteristics of participants in utility customer-funded energy efficiency programs

In addition to benefiting all customers by reducing the total electric system cost, utility customer-funded energy efficiency programs provide direct benefits to the participants. Understanding the current demographic and household characteristics of participants will help assess the extent of inequities in program participation and figure out what characteristics need to be targeted to achieve equitable outcomes. This report describes how 11 demographic and household characteristics including income, race and ethnicity, and education affect participation in residential utility customer-funded energy efficiency programs. It compiles previous work on this topic and adds new primary analysis of four datasets with different levels of detail from the Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS), two New England states, and a Midwestern state.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
NASA NTRS1991

Strategic plan, 1991: A strategy for leadership in space through excellence in space science and applications

In 1988, the Office of Space Science and Applications (OSSA) developed and published a Strategic Plan for the United States' space science and applications program during the next 5 to 10 years. The Plan presented the proposed OSSA program for the next fiscal year and defined a flexible process that provides the basis for near-term decisions on the allocation of resources and the planning of future efforts. Based on the strategies that have been developed by the advisory committees both of the National Academy of Sciences and of NASA, the Plan balances major, moderate, and small mission initiatives, the utilization of Space Station Freedom, and the requirements for a vital research base. The Plan can be adjusted to accommodate varying budget levels, both those levels that provide opportunities for an expanded science and applications program, and those that constrain growth. SSA's strategic planning is constructed around five actions: establish a set of programmatic themes; establish a set of decision rules; establish a set of priorities for missions and programs within each theme; demonstrate that the strategy can yield a viable program; and check the strategy for consistency with resource constraints. The outcome of this process is a clear, coherent strategy that meets both NASA's and OSSA's goals, that assures realism in long-range planning and advanced technology development, and that provides sufficient resiliency to respond and adapt to both known and unexpected internal and external realities. The OSSA Strategic Plan is revised annually to reflect the approval of new programs, improved understanding of requirements and issues, and any major changes in the circumstances, both within NASA and external to NASA, in which OSSA initiatives are considered.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1992

Commercial opportunities in bioseparations and physiological testing aboard Space Station Freedom

The Center for Cell Research (CCR) is a NASA Center for the Commercial Development of Space which has as its main goal encouraging industry-driven biomedical/biotechnology space projects. Space Station Freedom (SSF) will provide long duration, crew-tended microgravity environments which will enhance the opportunities for commercial biomedical/biotechnology projects in bioseparations and physiological testing. The CCR bioseparations program, known as USCEPS (for United States Commercial Electrophoresis Program in Space), is developing access for American industry to continuous-flow electrophoresis aboard SSF. In space, considerable scale-up of continuous free-flow electrophoresis is possible for cells, sub cellular particles, proteins, growth factors, and other biological products. The lack of sedemination and buoyancy-driven convection flow enhances purity of separations and the amount of material processed/time. Through the CCR's physiological testing program, commercial organizations will have access aboard SSF to physiological systems experiments (PSE's); the Penn State Biomodule; and telemicroscopy. Physiological systems experiments involve the use of live animals for pharmaceutical product testing and discovery research. The Penn State Biomodule is a computer-controlled mini lab useful for projects involving live cells or tissues and macro molecular assembly studies, including protein crystallization. Telemicroscopy will enable staff on Earth to manipulate and monitor microscopic specimens on SSF for product development and discovery research or for medical diagnosis of astronaut health problems. Space-based product processing, testing, development, and discovery research using USCEPS and CCR's physiological testing program offer new routes to improved health on Earth. Direct crew involvement-in biomedical/biotechnology projects aboard SSF will enable better experimental outcomes. The current data base shows that there is reason for considerable optimism regarding what the CCDS program and the biomedical/biotechnology industry can expect to gain from a permanent manned presence in space.

Hymer, W. C.↗
NASA NTRS1990

Preliminary subsystem designs for the Assured Crew Return Vehicle (ACRV), volume 1

A series of design studies is presented concerning the Assured Crew Return Vehicle (ACRV) for Space Station Freedom. Four alternate designs are presented for the ACRV braking and landing system. Options presented include: ballistic and lifting body reentries; the use of high-lift, high-payload aerodynamic decelerators, as well as conventional parachutes; landing systems designed for water landings, land landings, or both; and an aerial recovery system. All four design options presented combine some or all of the above attributes, and all meet performance requirements established by the ACRV Program Office. Two studies of ACRV growth options are also presented. Use of the ACRV or a similarly designed vehicle in several roles for possible future space missions is discussed, along with the required changes to a basic ACRV to allow it to perform these missions optimally. The outcome of these studies is a set of recommendations to the ACRV Program Office describing the vehicle characteristics of the basic ACRV which lend themselves most readily to be adapted for use in other missions. Finally, the impacts on the design of the ACRV due to its role as a medical emergency vehicle were studied and are presented. The use of the ACRV in this manner will impact its shape, internal configuration, and equipment.

Source record↗
DOE OSTI2022

Experimental demonstration of OSC at IOTA: IOTA Run #3 (Report)

Optical Stochastic Cooling (OSC) is an optical-bandwidth extension of Stochastic Cooling that could advance the state-of-the-art cooling rate in beam cooling by three to four orders of magnitude. The concept of OSC was first suggested in the early 1990s by Zolotorev, Zholents and Mikhailichenko, and replaced the microwave hardware of SC with optical analogs, such as wigglers and optical amplifiers. A number of variations on the original OSC concept have been proposed, and while a variety of proof-of-principle demonstrations and operational uses have been considered, the concept was not experimentally demonstrated up to now. An OSC R&D program has been underway at IOTA for the past several years. Run #3 of the IOTA ring, which began in Nov. 2020 and concluded in Aug. 2021, was focused on the world’s first experimental demonstration of OSC. The experimental program was successful in demonstrating and characterizing the OSC physics with the major outcomes including strong cooling in one, two and three dimensions, validation of the theoretical models of OSC and the demonstration of OSC with a single electron. This report briefly describes the activities and major milestones of the OSC program during Run #3.

42 ENGINEERING↗