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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 127 records · Page 7
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1988

Experiences with Ada in an embedded system

Recent experiences with using Ada in a real time environment are described. The application was the control system for an experimental robotic arm. The objectives of the effort were to experiment with developing embedded applications in Ada, evaluating the suitability of the language for the application, and determining the performance of the system. Additional objectives were to develop a control system based on the NASA/NBS Standard Reference Model for Telerobot Control System Architecture (NASREM) in Ada, and to experiment with the control laws and how to incorporate them into the NASREM architecture.

Labaugh, Robert J.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Registering and resampling images in STSDAS

Registering different images can be difficult, especially if the images to be registered are images at different wavelengths, where features in one image may look entirely different or be absent from the second image. Using two new packages soon to be added to the STSDAS package, REGISTER and RESAMPLE, this job is done automatically. The REGISTER package allows the user to determine the amount of translation, rotation, and/or magnification needed to make two images, spectra, or time series congruent. The methods implemented to compute the registration parameters use: a set of the pixel coordinates of the same features identified in two files, or the FITS coordinate transformation parameters in the headers of two data files, or a single feature identified as the peak of a cross-correlation between two vectors. The coefficients describing the registration are defined by the equations (for a two-dimensional image): x = a + bx + cy, y = d + ex + fy, where (X,Y) are the pixel coordinates of a feature in the reference image, (x,y) are the pixel coordinates of a feature in the secondary image, and the computed coefficients are a, b, c, d, e, and f. Results may be produced by linking the output of REGISTER to RESAMPLE in a command language procedure. The output from REGISTER and the input to RESAMPLE consists of a matrix of coefficients (a through f above) fully specifying the registration. The RESAMPLE package resamples simple vector or image data for a given amount of translation, rotation (images only), and magnification, or reflection of the science data. Specific options included are: image rotation about the FITS reference pixel; scale changes, i.e. magnification or demagnification (for images, independently on both axes); simple translation; reflection (for images, about one or both axes); and resampling and registration to a reference data set. Output from the RESAMPLE task is the resampled image which may then be displayed and compared with the reference image.

Williamson, R. L., II↗
NASA NTRS1990

A Space Station/Payload Pointing System simulation using TREETOPS

A rigid body model of NASA's Space Station (SS)/Payload Pointing System (PPS) was built and simulated using the multibody, large angle simulation package TREETOPS, whose name refers to the tree-topology class of structures that may be simulated. SS/PPS data from a previous feasibility study utilizing the MultiOptimal Differential Equation language was used as a test case to evaluate the built-in dynamical formulation capabilities of TREETOPS. The simulation results showed close agreement with NASA-Goddard data, demonstrating the validity of the nonlinear, large angle, multi-degree of freedom TREETOPS model.

Ram, Mohan↗
NASA NTRS2018

Towards Informing an Intuitive Mission Planning Interface for Autonomous Multi-Asset Teams via Image Descriptions

Establishing a basis for certification of autonomous systems using trust and trustworthiness is the focus of Autonomy Teaming and TRAjectories for Complex Trusted Operational Reliability (ATTRACTOR). The Human-Machine Interface (HMI) team is working to capture and utilize the multitude of ways in which humans are already comfortable communicating mission goals and translate that into an intuitive mission planning interface. Several input/output modalities (speech/audio, typing/text, touch, and gesture) are being considered and investigated in the context human-machine teaming for the ATTRACTOR design reference mission (DRM) of Search and Rescue or (more generally) intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR). The first of these investigations, the Human Informed Natural-language GANs Evaluation (HINGE) data collection effort, is aimed at building an image description database to train a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). In addition to building an image description database, the HMI team was interested if, and how, modality (spoken vs. written) affects different aspects of the image description given. The results will be analyzed to better inform the designing of an interface for mission planning.

Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Enhancing NASA Earth Science Data Discovery from Scientific Publications

Earth observations from space borne instruments have evolved explosively in the past decades. Following closely are reanalysis systems assimilating model and observational data, yielding even longer records and larger number of variables. Thanks to advances in internet technology, it is now easier than ever to visualize and analyze these data using web interfaces. On the other hand, it also becomes an increasingly daunting task to build upon the existing knowledge published in various peer reviewed sources, and navigate toward the most relevant data, analysis, and visualization. We present an analysis of a subset of publications that utilized a popular visualization web interface at the NASA Goddard Earth Science Data and Information Services Center. Known as "Giovanni", it allows researchers from wide backgrounds to work with hundreds of variables from space observations and assimilation systems. Since coming online more than a decade ago, Giovanni has been credited in more than 100 papers per year, and the total count now is estimated to be nearly 1,500. Many of these papers contain valuable information about when, where and how Giovanni has been used, and hence forge an opportunity to learn and share the knowledge of which variables were used for what research projects. The purpose of our work is to retrieve the information from the papers and organize it as a knowledge repository which links together datasets, variables, places, dates and phenomena all of which reflect the essence of the published research. Since the publications are unstructured texts, we use natural language processing along with machine learning methods in the retrieval process. One of the challenges is deciphering the dataset names, because in many cases researchers refer to variables, rather than the datasets containing them. To constrain the number of terms, we deploy Earth Science ontologies as dictionaries for the term extraction. We demonstrate that storing these terms and underlying ontologies, along with datasets, variables and papers in the knowledge graph database, enables various linkages between all these entities facilitating the data discovery. Thus, we are setting a qualitatively new stage in improvements of web data interfaces, where machine learning techniques are used to establish and optimize usage-based discovery of data.

Irina V Gerasimov↗
NASA NTRS1991

Computer Language For Optimization Of Design

SOL is computer language geared to solution of design problems. Includes mathematical modeling and logical capabilities of computer language like FORTRAN; also includes additional power of nonlinear mathematical programming methods at language level. SOL compiler takes SOL-language statements and generates equivalent FORTRAN code and system calls. Provides syntactic and semantic checking for recovery from errors and provides detailed reports containing cross-references to show where each variable used. Implemented on VAX/VMS computer systems. Requires VAX FORTRAN compiler to produce executable program.

Scotti, Stephen J.↗
NASA NTRS1999

Development of Fuzzy Logic and Soft Computing Methodologies

Our earlier research on computing with words (CW) has led to a new direction in fuzzy logic which points to a major enlargement of the role of natural languages in information processing, decision analysis and control. This direction is based on the methodology of computing with words and embodies a new theory which is referred to as the computational theory of perceptions (CTP). An important feature of this theory is that it can be added to any existing theory - especially to probability theory, decision analysis, and control - and enhance the ability of the theory to deal with real-world problems in which the decision-relevant information is a mixture of measurements and perceptions. The new direction is centered on an old concept - the concept of a perception - a concept which plays a central role in human cognition. The ability to reason with perceptions perceptions of time, distance, force, direction, shape, intent, likelihood, truth and other attributes of physical and mental objects - underlies the remarkable human capability to perform a wide variety of physical and mental tasks without any measurements and any computations. Everyday examples of such tasks are parking a car, driving in city traffic, cooking a meal, playing golf and summarizing a story. Perceptions are intrinsically imprecise. Imprecision of perceptions reflects the finite ability of sensory organs and ultimately, the brain, to resolve detail and store information. More concretely, perceptions are both fuzzy and granular, or, for short, f-granular. Perceptions are f-granular in the sense that: (a) the boundaries of perceived classes are not sharply defined; and (b) the elements of classes are grouped into granules, with a granule being a clump of elements drawn together by indistinguishability, similarity. proximity or functionality. F-granularity of perceptions may be viewed as a human way of achieving data compression. In large measure, scientific progress has been, and continues to be, driven by a quest to progress from perceptions to measurements. Pursuit of this aim has led to brilliant successes. But alongside the successes stand problems whose solutions are not in sight. Representative of such problems is the problem of automation of driving in city traffic. In this case, as in many others, what can be done with ease by humans - without any measurements and a computations - is an intractable task for machines.

Zadeh, L. A.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Development of the JSC Thematic Mapper quick-look preprocessing capability

The development of a preprocessing unit for Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data for the Earth Observations Data Laboratory at Johnson Space Center is reported. The background of the project is sketched, including the greatly increased data-handling requirements compared to MSS, the influence of the JPL VICAR system on the system design, and the completeness of the GSFC SCROUNGE (LASLIB) TM data tapes. The design approach and realization are discussed, and the performance and transportability of the preprocessor programs (totaling about 2000 lines of source code in FORTRAN and IBM Assembly languages) are indicated. The system is able to read the TM image tapes, extract areas of interest to particular studies, and register the extracted imagery to suitable references. Ancillary programs include image enhancement, rotation, filtering and pixel-size modification.

Gilbert, J. R.↗
NASA NTRS1928

Bibliography of Aeronautics: 1926

This Bibliography of Aeronautics for 1926 covers the aeronautical literature published from January 1 to December 31, 1926. The first Bibliography of Aeronautics was published by the Smithsonian Institution as volume 55 of the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections and covered the material published prior to June 30, 1909. Supplementary volumes of the Bibliography of Aeronautics for the subsequent years have been published by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. The last preceding volume was for the calendar year 1925. As in the previous volumes, citations of the publications of all nations are included in the languages in which these publications originally appeared. The arrangement is dictionary form with author find subject entry, and one alphabetical arrangement. Detail in the matter of subject reference has been omitted on aCC01.mt of the cost of presentation, but an attempt has been made to give sufficient cross reference for research in special lines.

Brockett, Paul↗
DOE OSTI2024

RNA language models predict mutations that improve RNA function

Structured RNA lies at the heart of many central biological processes, from gene expression to catalysis. RNA structure prediction is not yet possible due to a lack of high-quality reference data associated with organismal phenotypes that could inform RNA function. We present GARNET (Gtdb Acquired RNa with Environmental Temperatures), a new database for RNA structural and functional analysis anchored to the Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB). GARNET links RNA sequences to experimental and predicted optimal growth temperatures of GTDB reference organisms. Using GARNET, we develop sequence- and structure-aware RNA generative models, with overlapping triplet tokenization providing optimal encoding for a GPT-like model. Leveraging hyperthermophilic RNAs in GARNET and these RNA generative models, we identify mutations in ribosomal RNA that confer increased thermostability to the Escherichia coli ribosome. The GTDB-derived data and deep learning models presented here provide a foundation for understanding the connections between RNA sequence, structure, and function.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1925

Bibliography of Aeronautics, 1920-1921

This work covers the literatme published from January 1, 1920, to December 31, 1921, and continues the work of the Smithsonian Institution issued as Volume 55 of the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, which covered the material published prior to June 30, 1909, and the work of Lhe National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics as published in the Bibliography of Aeronautics for the years 1909 to 1916 and 1917 to 1919. As in the Smithsonian volume and in the Bibliography of Aeronautics for the years 1909 to 1916 and 1917 to 1919, citations of the publications of all nations have been included in the languages in which these publications originally appeared. The arrangement is in dictionary form with author and subject entry and one alphabetical arrangement. Detail in the matter of subject reference has been omitted on account of the cost of presentation, but an attempt has been made to give sufficient cross reference for research in special lines. The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics will next present a bibliography for the year 1922.

Brockett, Paul↗
NASA NTRS1928

Bibliography of Aeronautics: 1928

This Bibliography of Aeronautics for 1928 covers the aeronautical literature published from January 1 to December 31, 1928. The first Bibliography of Aeronautics was published by the Smithsonian Institution as volume 55 of the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections and covered the material published prior to June 30, 1909. Supplementary volumes of the Bibliography of Aeronautics for the subsequent years have been published by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. The last preceding volume was for the calendar year 1927. As in the previous volumes, citations of the publications of all nations are included in the languages in which these publications originally appeared. The arrangement is in dictionary form with author and subject entry, and one alphabetical arrangement. Detail in the matter of subject reference has been omitted on account of the cost of presentation, but an attempt has been made to give sufficient cross reference for research in special lines.

Paul Brockett↗
NASA NTRS1930

Bibliography of Aeronautics, 1929

This Bibliography of Aeronautics for 1929 covers the aeronautical literature published from January 1 to December 31, 1929. The first Bibliography of Aeronautics was published by the Smithsonian Institution as Volume 55 of the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections and covered the material published prior to June 30, 1909. Supplementary volumes of the Bibliography of Aeronautics for the subsequent years have been published by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. The last preceding volume was for the calendar year 1928. As in the previous volumes, citations of the pUblications of all nations are included in th.e languages in which. these publications originally appeared. The arrangement is in dictionary form with author and subject entry, and one alphabetical arrangement. Detail in the matter of subject reference has been omitted on account of the cost of presentation, but an attempt has been made to give sufficient cross reference for research in special lines.

Brockett, Paul↗
NASA NTRS1935

Bibliography of Aeronautics: 1932

This Bibliography of Aeronautics for 1932 covers the aeronautical literature published from January 1 to December 31, 1932. The first Bibliography of Aeronautics was published by the Smithsonian Institution as volume 55 of the Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections and covered the material published prior to June 30, 1909. Supplementary volumes of the Bibliography of Aeronautics for the subsequent years have been published by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics. The last preceding volume was for the calendar year 1931. As in the previous volumes, citations of the publications of all nations are included in the languages in which these publications originally appeared. The arrangement is in dictionary form with author and subject entry and one alphabetical arrangement. Detail in the matter of subject reference has been omitted on account of the cost of presentation, but an attempt has been made to give sufficient cross-reference for research in special lines.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1965

Ballistocardiography, a Bibliography <1877 - 1964<

The publication of this bibliography on Ballistocardiography, NASA SP-7021 (FAA AM 65-15) fulfills a long-standing requirement for a comprehensive and retrospective collection of references on a subject that is of particular interest to medical investigators and cardiovascular physiologists engaged in aerospace studies. Ballistocardiography is a technique for producing a graphical representation of repetitive motions of the human body arising from the sudden ejection of blood into the great vessels with each heart beat. Standard ballistocardiographic techniques are emphasized in the references included in the bibliography, but attention is also given to several related methods that are used to record these phenomena and to the equipment and instrumentation employed in such investigations. The format of the citations in NASA SP-7021 (FAA AM 65-15) was chosen to resemble, as closely as possible, the format that is now being used in the Index Medicwl published by the National Library of Medicine, except that English titles of foreign language articles appear in parentheses instead of in brackets as they do in Index Medicus. In each case, an attempt was made to identify the language of the article, or the place of publication of the foreign language journal. Since the citations were gathered over a period of years and occasionally from sources which do not appear in standard indexes, complete information was not always available. Citations are arranged alphabetically by personal author. In a large measure, the comprehensivenes of this collection of references is due to information obtained from card files compiled and maintained by Dr. William R. Scarborough of the Georgetown Clinical Research Institute, Office of Aviation Medicine, FAA, supplemented by the private collections of Drs. Isaac Starr, Abraham Noordergraaf, and John L. Nickerson. Selection and preparation of individual references and general editing of the material was done by Dr. Scarborough, who received valuable assistance from Mrs. Claire Tedesco of the Medical Library Branch of the FAA Library. Final compilation and printing were completed under the supervision of NASA.

AEROSPACE MEDICINE↗
DOE OSTI2024

Synthetic Biology PacBio/JAWS QC Analysis (PBJ) v3.0

This software was designed as a sequence validation tool for the assembly of synthetic constructs. It analyzes FASTQ files against a list of reference sequences, combining the results from eight sequencing libraries to generate a summary, and the files needed to view the results in the Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV) application for manual verification. This was developed for FASTQ files generated by PacBio sequencing, but could be used on any FASTQ files that do not have paired end reads. It can be used to analyze one - eight libraries at a time, and assumes that each construct sequence in the reference will be in each pool, however, this is not a requirement. This is used to identify which libraries of pooled sequences contains a perfect match, or fixable match to the reference file. This pipeline uses many freely available open source libraries, the value added is that in our application the steps of the pipeline are defined in Workflow Description Language (WDL) and run through the Cromwell workflow engine in Docker containers, for easy distribution and set up, as well as the user friendly html summary that is generated.

Simirenko, Lisa↗
DOE OSTI2024

SynBio QC Dual Barcode QC (DBC) v1.0

This software was designed as a sequence validation tool for the assembly of synthetic constructs, where the constructs have a high degree of similarity and thus are barcoded prior to the sequencing library prep. It demultiplexes each FASTQ file for each barcode, then analyzes the resulting FASTQ files against a list of reference sequences for that barcode/library, combining the results from eight sequencing libraries to generate a summary, and the files needed to view the results in the Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV) application for manual verification. This was developed for FASTQ files generated by PacBio sequencing, but could be used on any FASTQ files that do not have paired end reads. It can be used to analyze one - eight libraries at a time. Each construct is independently analyzed with only the sequences with the same barcode, in the same pooled library. Then the results are combined into a user friendly summary. This is used to identify which libraries of pooled sequences contains a perfect match, or fixable match to the reference file. This pipeline uses many freely available open source libraries, the value added is that in our application the steps of the pipeline are defined in Workflow Description Language (WDL) and run through the Cromwell workflow engine in Docker containers, for easy distribution and set up, as well as the user friendly html summary that is generated.

Simirenko, Lisa↗