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At least 127 records · Page 7

Survey of aircraft icing simulation test facilities in North America

A survey was made of the aircraft icing simulation facilities in North America: there are 12 wind tunnels, 28 engine test facilities, 6 aircraft tankers and 14 low velocity facilities, that perform aircraft icing tests full or part time. The location and size of the facility, its speed and temperature range, icing cloud parameters, and the technical person to contact are surveyed. Results are presented in tabular form. The capabilities of each facility were estimated by its technical contact person. The adequacy of these facilities for various types of icing tests is discussed.

Olsen, W.↗

EMPIRE Simulations of the July 2020 photoelectron driven cavity B-Dot experiments at the National Ignition Facility

Simulations of several of the end-irradiated cylindrical photoelectron driven cavity experiments (also known as B-Dot cavities) that were fielded during the July 1 through 2, 2020 shot series at the National Ignition Facility are presented in this report with comparisons to experimental measurements. All cavity B-Dots fielded on the second, third, fourth, fifth and seventh shots were simulated using coupled Integrated Tiger Series (ITS) Monte Carlo transport codes and the Electromagnetic Plasmas in Realistic Environments (EMPIRE) electromagnetic particle-in-cell code.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗

Hypothetical Nuclear Reactor Facility Modeling Simulation Data Scenario Comparison

This document evaluates a hypothetical nuclear powerplant and associated protective force personnel using modern modeling and simulation tools. The facility incorporates security early in the design to consider and integrate methods to resolve security issues and vulnerabilities via the facility’s inherent design characteristics before construction. The evaluation in this document is an example only. It is not intended to recommend or evaluate the effectiveness of existing physical security requirements or identify any method that the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission staff may find acceptable for complying with existing requirements.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗

Living Together in Space: The International Space Station Internal Active Thermal Control System Issues and Solutions-Sustaining Engineering Activities at the Marshall Space Flight Center From 1998 to 2005

On board the International Space Station, heat generated by the crew and equipment is removed by the internal active thermal control system to maintain a comfortable working environment and prevent equipment overheating. Test facilities simulating the internal active thermal control system (IATCS) were constructed at the Marshall Space Flight Center as part of the sustaining engineering activities to address concerns related to operational issues, equipment capability, and reliability. A full-scale functional simulator of the Destiny lab module IATCS was constructed and activated prior to launch of Destiny in 2001. This facility simulates the flow and thermal characteristics of the flight system and has a similar control interface. A subscale simulator was built, and activated in 2000, with special attention to materials and proportions of wetted surfaces to address issues related to changes in fluid chemistry, material corrosion, and microbial activity. The flight issues that have arisen and the tests performed using the simulator facilities are discussed in detail. In addition, other test facilities at the MSFC have been used to perform specific tests related to IATCS issues. Future testing is discussed as well as potential modifications to the simulators to enhance their utility.

Wieland, P. O.↗

Hypervelocity impact facility for simulating the effects of space debris over a wide range of conditions

An impact facility for simulating space debris effects is described. The facility capability is described in terms of drive geometry, energetics, and armature loading. The facility is used to study impact phenomena on Space Station Freedom's solar array structure, other structural materials from the Station, and a means of duplicating the damage characteristic of the Long Duration Exposure Facility. Preliminary results of these experiments are described in terms of the mass/velocity distribution incident on selected samples, crater dynamics, and sample geometry.

Rose, M. F.↗

Network modelling for the Space Station Training Facility

Simulation models for LANs to be used in the proposed Space Station Training Facility, including models developed for Ethernet, Starlan, token ring, and Fiber Distributed Data Interface LANs, are discussed. Results of model runs for the basic configuration, for burst traffic, and for a growth scenario are presented. The PAWS and Network II.5 modeling tools are compared.

Hajare, Ankur R.↗

Thermostructural test facilities for reentry vehicle nose tip materials

To provide a cost effective means of assessing the thermostructural performance of nosetip materials, the Air Force has developed and utilized two types of thermostructural facilities: ground simulation facilities and laboratory facilities. The capabilities of the currently available test facilities are summarized and compared.

Budde, C. L.↗

Helium-4 Experiments near T-lambda in a Low-Gravity Simulator

We report our studies of gravity cancellation in a liquid helium sample cell along the lambda-line using a low-gravity simulator facility. The simulator consists of a superconducting magnet capable of producing B(delta-B/delta-z) = 22squareT)/cm. We have verified experimentally that the simulator can cancel gravity to about 0.01g in a cylindrical sample volume of 0.5 cm in diameter and 0.5 cm in height. This allows us to approach more closely the superfluid transition without entering the normal-superfluid two phase region induced by gravity. We also present the measurements of T-c(Q,P): depression of the superfluid transition temperature by a heat current(Q) along the lambda-line (P). The results are consistent with the Renormalization-group theory calculation. Measurements of thermal expansion coefficient in a heat current will also be discussed. The work has been carried out by JPL, California Institute of Technology under contract to NASA.

Liu, Yuanming↗

Using Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation to Develop a Launch and Recovery Flight Simulation for a UH-60A Blackhawk

Joint Shipboard Helicopter Integration Process (JSHIP) is a Joint Test and Evaluation (JT&E) program sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD). Under the JSHDP program is a simulation effort referred to as the Dynamic Interface Modeling and Simulation System (DIMSS). The purpose of DIMSS is to develop and test the processes and mechanisms that facilitate ship-helicopter interface testing via man-in-the-loop ground-based flight simulators. Specifically, the DIMSS charter is to develop an accredited process for using a flight simulator to determine the wind-over-the-deck (WOD) launch and recovery flight envelope for the UH-60A ship/helicopter combination. DIMSS is a collaborative effort between the NASA Ames Research Center and OSD. OSD determines the T&E and warfighter training requirements, provides the programmatics and dynamic interface T&E experience, and conducts ship/aircraft interface tests for validating the simulation. NASA provides the research and development element, simulation facility, and simulation technical experience. This paper will highlight the benefits of the NASA/JSHIP collaboration and detail achievements of the project in terms of modeling and simulation. The Vertical Motion Simulator (VMS) at NASA Ames Research Center offers the capability to simulate a wide range of simulation cueing configurations, which include visual, aural, and body-force cueing devices. The system flexibility enables switching configurations io allow back-to-back evaluation and comparison of different levels of cueing fidelity in determining minimum training requirements. The investigation required development and integration of several major simulation system at the VMS. A new UH-60A BlackHawk interchangeable cab that provides an out-the-window (OTW) field-of-view (FOV) of 220 degrees in azimuth and 70 degrees in elevation was built. Modeling efforts involved integrating Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) generated data of an LHA ship airwake and integrating a real-time ship motion model developed based on a batch model from Naval Surface Warfare Center. Engineering development and integration of a three degrees-of-freedom (DOF) dynamic seat to simulate high frequency rotor-dynamics dependent motion cues for use in conjunction with the large motion system was accomplished. The development of an LHA visual model in several different levels of resolution and an aural cueing system in which three separate fidelity levels could be selected were developed. VMS also integrated a PC-based E&S simFUSION system to investigate cost effective IG alternatives. The DIMSS project consists of three phases that follow an approved Validation, Verification and accreditation (VV&A) process. The first phase will support the accreditation of the individual subsystems and models. The second will follow the verification and validation of the integrated subsystems and models, and will address fidelity requirements of the integrated models and subsystems. The third and final phase will allow the verification and validation of the full system integration. This VV&A process will address the utility of the simulated WOD launch and recovery envelope. Simulations supporting the first two stages have been completed and the data is currently being reviewed and analyzed.

Sweeney, Christopher↗

Exploration Mission Particulate Matter Filtration Technology Performance Testing in a Simulated Spacecraft Cabin Ventilation System

Human deep space exploration missions will require advances in long-life, low maintenance airborne particulate matter filtration technology. As one of the National Aeronautics and Space Administrations (NASA) developments in this area, a prototype of a new regenerable, multi-stage particulate matter filtration technology was tested in an International Space Station (ISS) module simulation facility. As previously reported, the key features of the filter system include inertial and media filtration with regeneration and in-place media replacement techniques. The testing facility can simulate aspects of the cabin environment aboard the ISS and contains flight-like cabin ventilation system components. The filtration technology test article was installed at the inlet of the central ventilation system duct and instrumented to provide performance data under nominal flow conditions. In-place regeneration operations were also evaluated. The real-time data included pressure drop across the filter stages, process air flow rate, ambient pressure, humidity and temperature. In addition, two video cameras positioned at the filtration technology test articles inlet and outlet were used to capture the mechanical performance of the filter media indexing operation under varying air flow rates. Recent test results are presented and future design recommendations are discussed.

particulate matter filtration↗

A unique exercise facility for simulating orbital extravehicular activity

A unique exercise facility has been developed and used to simulate orbital extravehicular activity (EVA). The device incorporates an arm ergometer into a mechanism which places the subject in the zero-g neutral body posture. The intent of this configuration is to elicit muscular, cardiovascular, respiratory, and thermoregulatory responses similar to those observed during orbital EVA. Experiments done with this facility will help characterize the astronaut's dynamic heat balance during EVA and will eventually lead to the development of an automated thermal control system which would more effectively maintain thermal comfort.

Williamson, Rebecca C.↗

Developing a Sustainable, User-Friendly Literature Database to Support the Microgravity Simulation Support Facility (MSSF) at NASA's Kennedy Space Center (KSC)

Established in 2017, the Microgravity Simulation Support Facility (MSSF) at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center is the only centralized, dedicated facility supporting ground microgravity research in the United States. The MSSF offers the research community the ability to conduct simulated microgravity research with experimental conditions functionally resembling those aboard the International Space Station (ISS) and in other flight-based experimental environments. Since its inception, the MSSF has supported numerous studies and has since collected an extensive library of relevant and pertinent literature. The goal of our research was to develop and implement a sustainable, user-friendly literature database to better house this literature at the MSSF. To achieve this, our team focused on sorting, optimizing, and analyzing preexisting literature libraries to determine a best suitable and sustainable platform for the MSSF. After establishing initial database platforms, the team worked to develop descriptive and structural metadata categories to best sort the literature, which was followed by rigorous testing and optimization of the database as it was implemented. The MSSF has now been outfitted with a reliable, accessible database that effectively houses literature and provides diverse analysis to the user. Our team is continuing to test and update our platform and parameters as we aim for the formal implementation, expansion, and evolution of our database to better sustain future research ventures at the MSSF and beyond.

Database Development↗

Description and calibration of the Langley Hypersonic CF4 tunnel: A facility for simulating low gamma flow as occurs for a real gas

The Langley Hypersonic CF4 Tunnel is a Mach 6 facility which simulates an important aspect of dissociative real-gas phenomena associated with the reentry of blunt vehicles, i.e., the decrease in the ratio of specific heats (gamma) that occurs within the shock layer of the vehicle. A general description of this facility is presented along with a discussion of the basic components, instrumentation, and operating procedure. Pitot-pressure surveys were made at the nozzle exit and downstream of the exit for reservoir temperatures from 1020 to 1495 R and reservoir pressures from 1000 to 2550 psia. A uniform test core having a diameter of circa 11 in. (0.55 times the nozzle-exit diameter) exists at the maximum value of reservoir pressure and temperature. The corresponding free-stream Mach number is 5.9, the unit Reynolds number is 4 x 10 to the 5th power per foot, the ratio of specific heats immediately behind a normal shock is 1.10, and the normal-shock density ratio is 12.6. When the facility is operated at reservoir temperatures below 1440 R, irregularities occur in the pitot-pressure profile within a small region about the nozzle centerline. These variations in pitot pressure indicate the existence of flow distrubances originating in the upstream region of the nozzle. This necessitates testing models off centerline in the uniform flow between the centerline region and either the nozzle boundary layer or the lip shock originating at the nozzle exit. Samples of data obtained in this facility with various models are presented to illustrate the effect of gamma on flow conditions about the model and the importance of knowing the magnitude of this effect.

Midden, Raymond E.↗