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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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NASA NTRS2019

Structure Deformation Calculation Program Based on Displacement Theory for Shape Predictions

Separated programs were written in C/C++ to validate the Displacement Transfer Functions. The Structure Deformation Calculation Program was written to combine all of the programs to calculate deformed shapes of a structure using surface strain data and structural geometrical parameters. Users do not need to know the material properties, nor the complex internal structures geometry because the Displacement Theory is purely geometrical in nature. Users only need to know the structure types as defined in this report and information such as the structure length, depth factors, number of strain sensors, and the surface strains measured at the strain-sensing stations installed on the structures. Depending on the structure type, an applicable Displacement Transfer Function will be used. This program requires two input files created by users; the recorded strain data file in comma-separated values format and the structure geometry data file in text format. The program will output the out-of-plane deflections, slopes, cross-sectional twist angles, and depth factors if applicable. All output files are created in comma-separated values format. A section in this report describes step-by-step procedures on how to use the Structure Deformation Calculation Program for structure deformed shape calculations.

Displacement theory↗
NASA NTRS2019

Marshall Space Flight Center Faculty Fellowship Program

The 2018 Marshall Faculty Fellowship Program involved 16 faculty in the laboratories and departments at Marshall Space Flight Center. These faculty engineers and scientists worked with NASA collaborators on NASA projects, bringing new perspectives and solutions to bear. This Technical Memorandum is a compilation of the research reports of the 2018 Marshall Faculty Fellowship program, along with the Program Announcement (Appendix A) and the Program Description (Appendix B). The research affected the following five areas: (1) Materials (2) Propulsion (3) Spacecraft systems (4) Vehicle systems (5) Space science The materials investigations includes Lunar Regolith for habitats, friction stir welding, and composite joints. Propulsion studies included cryogenic tank pressurization, transmitted torque in a cryogenic environment, and condensation in presence of noncondensables, Europa Lander Deorbit Stage, and catalyst development for a hybrid rocket. Spacecraft systems include wireless sensor networks and printed electronic inks. Vehicle systems studies were performed on Mars ascent vehicle analysis, architecture models, and Space Launch System manual steering. Space science studies included planetary lava flow. Our goal is to continue the Marshall Faculty Fellowship Program funded by Center internal project offices. Faculty Fellows in this 2018 program represented the following minority-serving institutions: Alabama A&M University, Southern University, Delgado Community College, and Dillard University.

Six, N. F.↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

The NASA Earth Science Applied Sciences Disasters Program: Making EO Data and Expertise Available through the Disasters Mapping Portal to Inform Decision-Makers throughout the Disaster Cycle

The NASA Earth Science Applied Sciences Disasters Program promotes the use of Earth Observations (EO) to inform disaster risk reduction and resilience throughout the disaster cycle, from local to global scales, by harnessing NASA science and technology capabilities, through engagement with end users to demonstrate the value and impact of EO to support decision-making, and by supporting end users in their use of EO in decision-making while developing relationships to grow as a trusted source of relevant science and useful results. Through the NASA Earth Science Applied Sciences Disasters Program Mapping Portal, an Esri-backed hub of geospatially enabled disaster products, event-based and near-real-time products are hosted to provide end users with analysis-ready data and data services, keeping in mind their expressed EO needs. In this presentation, case studies of past events will be highlighted, showcasing how EO data and services were provided by the Program and utilized by end users during the disaster cycle. Additionally, this presentation will highlight some of the Program’s ongoing collaboration activities to assist end users in understanding and preparing for utilization of EO data from the Mapping Portal to inform their decision-making throughout the disaster cycle. Ongoing efforts to advance the science provided by the Program on the Mapping Portal through new developments and capabilities will be highlighted, and common challenges and data needs end users often encounter when using EO data and our Program’s innovative solutions to these challenges will be addressed. Furthermore, this presentation will touch on the challenges faced and the solutions created by the Mapping Portal team in managing and hosting a plethora of EO data for end users across various disciplines.

Ronan Lucey↗
NASA NTRS2020

Highlights of the Mars 2020 Environmental Test Program

Environmental requirements for Mars 2020 (M2020) were established early in the program (due to inheritance from Mars Science Laboratory [MSL]), and a comprehensive test implementation program was developed as the spacecraft design matured. Several design scope changes happened during development (for example, addition of a helicopter), and the test program expanded accordingly. The environmental test program included hundreds of assembly-level mission-qualifying tests, which fed into the system-level environmental test program. This paper describes the highlights of selected portions of the assembly and system level test program.

Dodge, Randy↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

NASA’s Near-Earth Object Observations Program: Abbreviated History and Update

In the wake of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9’s (D/1993 F2) collision with Jupiter, NASA’s Near-Earth Object (NEO) Observations Program was established more than two decades ago. The NEO Observations Program is responsible for finding, tracking, and characterizing NEOs. Since the Program’s inception in 1998, NASA-funded efforts have discovered more than 98% of the more than 30,000 NEOs currently known. This unique NASA Program supports several NEO surveys that contribute to a sustained and productive campaign to find and track NEOs; collecting data of sufficient precision to allow accurate predictions of the future trajectories of discovered objects. It is a key element of the Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO). The Program also sponsors applied planetary science research conducted at NASA field centers, astronomical observatories, and other locations around the United States. The PDCO relies on data from projects supported by the NEO Observations Program which, in turn, also coordinates NEO observation efforts conducted at ground-based observatories sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the space domain awareness facilities of the United States Space Force (USSF). PDCO’s current priority is the NEO Surveyor Mission (NEOSM) , launched away from the vicinity of Earth to SEL1 and working in coordination with large ground-based surveys could complete the NEO survey within a decade following launch. NEOSM’s has three primary mission objectives: - assess the current risk to the Earth of asteroid impact(s); - examine the origin and ultimate fate of the asteroid population (within our solar system); - to find suitable, low-Δv targets for future robotic and piloted missions of exploration Operating at SEL1, NEOSM will also find NEOs with long synodic periods (i.e., several decades or longer) and unfavorable orbital viewing geometries. NEOSM will obviate the inherent Earth-based geometric observing handicap.

NEO↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

2023 Updates from the NASA Balloon Program Office

This presentation offers an overview of NASA's Balloon Program Office, which is responsible for the design, development, and execution of scientific balloon missions for a variety of scientific disciplines. The paper discusses the history of the program, its current capabilities, and future plans for expanding the scope of its scientific investigations. The paper also provides details on the various types of balloons used by the program, as well as the unique challenges involved in launching and recovering these balloons from remote locations around the world. In addition, the paper highlights some of the significant scientific achievements made possible by the program, including the study of cosmic rays, the search for dark matter, and the exploration of the Earth's atmosphere. Finally, the paper outlines the potential future directions of the program, including the development of larger, longer-duration balloons and the integration of new technologies such as optical communication and autonomous systems. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of NASA's Balloon Program Office and its ongoing efforts to advance scientific understanding of our world and the universe beyond.

Sarah A Roth↗
NASA NTRS2024

NASA’s Technology Development Program for Wildfire Science, Management, and Disaster Mitigation

NASA’s Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO) has established a new program called Technology Development for support of Wildfire Science, Management, and Disaster Mitigation (FireSense Technology), to develop innovative new technologies and capabilities to better predict, monitor and manage wildfires and their impacts. ESTO’s FireSense Technology program works in collaboration with NASA’s Applied Sciences Wildland Fire Program, the Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate (ARMD), the Space Technology Mission Directorate (STMD), and the Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) program. The program will also work closely with interagency partners such as the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, the National Interagency Fire Center, and others. In this paper we will discuss the program objectives and provide an update on the technological developments to date.

Wildfires↗
DOE OSTI2011

Celebrating 30 Years of K-12 Educational Programming at Fermilab

In 1980 Leon Lederman started Saturday Morning Physics with a handful of volunteer physicists, around 300 students and all the physics teachers who tagged along. Today Fermilab offers over 30 programs annually with help from 250 staff volunteers and 50 educators, and serves around 40,000 students and 2,500 teachers. Find out why we bother. Over the years we have learned to take advantage of opportunities and confront challenges to offer effective programs for teachers and students alike. We offer research experiences for secondary school teachers and high school students. We collaborate with educators to design and run programs that meet their needs and interests. Popular school programs include classroom presentations, experience-based field trips, and high school tours. Through our work in QuarkNet and I2U2, we make real particle physics data available to high school students in datadriven activities as well as masterclasses and e-Labs. Our professional development activities include a Teacher Resource Center and workshops where teachers participate in authentic learning experiences as their students would. We offer informal classes for kids and host events where children and adults enjoy the world of science. Our website hosts a wealth of online resources. Funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Science Foundation and Fermilab Friends for Science Education, our programs reach out across Illinois, throughout the United States and even around the world. We will review the program portfolio and share comments from the volunteers and participants.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2015

2015 Annual Progress Report: DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Program

In the past year, the DOE Hydrogen Program (the Program) made substantial progress toward its goals and objectives. The Program has conducted comprehensive and focused efforts to enable the widespread commercialization of hydrogen and fuel cell technologies in diverse sectors of the economy. With emphasis on applications that will effectively strengthen our nation's energy security and improve our stewardship of the environment, the Program engages in research, development, and demonstration of critical improvements in the technologies. Highlights of the Program's accomplishments can be found in the sub-program chapters of this report.

30 DIRECT ENERGY CONVERSION↗
DOE OSTI2019

Comparing High Performance Computing Accelerator Programming Models

Accelerator devices are becoming a norm in High Performance Computing (HPC). With more systems opting for heterogeneous architectures, portable programming models like OpenMP and OpenACC are becoming increasingly important. The SPEC ACCEL 1.2 benchmark suite consists of comparable benchmarks in OpenCL, OpenMP 4.5, and OpenACC 2.5 that can be used to evaluate the performance and support for programming models and frameworks on heterogeneous platforms. In this paper we go beneath the normative metric of performance times and look at the individual kernels to study the usage, strengths, and weaknesses of the two prevalent portable heterogeneous programming models, OpenMP and OpenACC. From our analysis we identify that benchmarks like MRI-Q, SP and BT have better performance using OpenACC, while benchmarks like MiniGhost, LBM and LBDC do consistently better with the OpenMP programming model across supercomputers like Titan, and Summit.We deep dive into the kernels of select four benchmarks to answer questions like: Where does the benchmark spend most of its cycles? What is the parallelization strategy used? Why is one programming model more performant than the other? By identifying the similarities and dierences we want to contrast between the benchmark implementation strategies in the SPEC ACCEL 1.2 benchmarks and provide more insights into the OpenMP and OpenACC programming models.

Pophale, Swaroop S.↗
DOE OSTI2020

APPLICATION OF MATURITY MODELS FOR EVALUATING CYBERSECURITY PROGRAMS AT NUCLEAR AND RADIOLOGICAL FACILITIES

Maturity models can be used to provide government agencies, industry associations, and organizations operating nuclear facilities with the ability to quickly evaluate the maturity of their cybersecurity programs and identify areas to prioritize for improvement. The Cybersecurity Capability Maturity Model (C2M2) was developed by the U.S. Department of Energy to allow organizations in the energy sector to evaluate the programmatic capabilities of their cybersecurity programs in a consistent manner, communicate programmatic maturity information, prioritize cybersecurity investments in targeted areas of concern, and track how the maturity of their cybersecurity program evolves over time. The C2M2 is designed for use by any critical infrastructure organization regardless of ownership, structure, or size. The C2M2 can be easily fine-tuned to access the maturity of nuclear cybersecurity programs and their application at individual facilities. Built on a foundation of existing cybersecurity standards, frameworks, programs, and initiatives, the model features 10 security domains. Performance in each security domain is characterized using a structured set of cybersecurity practices that represent activities an organization can perform to improve cybersecurity in their domain. Each practice can be quickly evaluated as being either fully, largely, partially, or not implemented. Once practices are evaluated for each security domain, the model defines four maturity indicator levels that apply independently to each domain in the model. To earn a maturity level in a given domain, an organization must adequately perform all the practices for that maturity level and its predecessor level(s). A small assessment team can conduct a C2M2 assessment in a single day. A screening version of the C2M2 allows an initial look at the maturity of nuclear cybersecurity programs that could be completed in under an hour.

Cyber security, Nuclear security, maturity model↗
DOE OSTI2022

Building Envelope Campaign – Program Design and Stakeholder Engagement

Building envelope technologies impact approximately 30% of the primary energy consumed by residential and commercial buildings. The Building Envelope Campaign (BEC), which is part of the Department of Energy’s Better Buildings Program, is a market transformation effort to help building owners and managers invest in high performance building envelope technologies for both new and existing commercial buildings. The success of the Campaign has depended on constructing a compelling program design plus organizing a technical team with ability to effectively recruit Participants and Supporters from across industry and keep them engaged.The design of the campaign included developing a strategy to leverage other technology campaigns within the Better Buildings program, identifying stakeholders (including diverse member groups that may have been underserved by previous technology campaigns), recruiting Supporters and Participants, and providing technical assistance in the form of a campaign-specific Building Envelope Performance tool and metric to help benchmark various building envelope options.Engagement had to overcome three main challenges – securing the Campaign Supporters/Participants, helping participants to use the envelope tool to evaluate project options, and getting those participants to submit successful envelope projects for evaluation and recognition by the program. The concepts are simple but program design/implementation and, in particular, sustaining stakeholder engagement can be challenging. This paper will highlight the approaches taken in: program design, engaging industry members, identifying and reaching underserved stakeholders, demonstrating benefits of high performance building envelope technologies and making the case for engaging in this campaign.

McLeod, Hayley↗
DOE OSTI2020

OpenACC unified programming environment for GPU and FPGA multi-hybrid acceleration

Attached accelerators have been frequently used in recent High Per- formance Computing (HPC) systems because of their high performance/power ratio. In particular, the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) is the most popu- lar accelerator owing to its high peak FLOPS performance and high memory bandwidth supported by HBM2, etc. However, the performance of GPU depends highly on a large degree of SIMD parallelism and has difficulty sustaining a high performance on programs with frequent branch operations or a partially low degree of parallelism.By contrast, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) has received attention as a different type of accelerator than GPU as a fully reconfigurable processor fitting the target applications. The high performance of FPGA is mainly provided by a pipelined operation and optimized circuit suitable for any operation even with frequent conditional branches. We have been focusing on the flexibility of FPGA to compensate for the weakness of GPU. We believe that the coupling of GPU with FPGA can result in one of the most powerful accelerating platforms available.However, the program coding of GPU and FPGA coupling can be quite difficult for application users. Traditionally, CUDA by NVIDIA has been the most popular programming language with the largest share of GPUs used in HPC, whereas a hardware description language such as Verilog HDL has been used in FPGA programming. OpenCL coding has recently become available even on high-end FPGAs. Moreover, several recent studies have also enabled the OpenACC coding for use in FPGA. In this study, we provide a unified programming system based on OpenACC for a platform equipped with both GPU and FPGA aiming at the next-generation accelerated supercomputer framework. Our programming environment is called Multi-Hybrid OpenACC Translator (MHOAT), and in this paper, we describe the basic concept and prototype system of MHOAT based on an evaluation on the amount of coding required and the performance of a hybrid multi-device accelerated system.

Tsunashima, Ryuta↗
DOE OSTI2017

U.S.-Origin Nuclear Material Removal Program - 17027

The United States (U.S.) Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Material Management and Minimization (M3) U.S.-Origin Nuclear Material Removal program, also known as the Foreign Research Reactor Spent Nuclear Fuel Acceptance Program (FRR SNF AP), was established by the U.S. Department of Energy in May 1996. The program's mission provides a disposition pathway for certain U.S. origin spent nuclear fuel and weapons-grade nuclear material. The program concluded on May 12, 2016. Irradiation must have been stopped by this date to remain eligible for return. An additional three year window is allowed for fuel cooldown and transportation of SNF elements. The end of this shipping window is May 12, 2019. This paper provides an update on recent program accomplishments, current program initiatives, and future activities. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2017

Personnel Qualification and Certification Program in Pressure Decay Leak Testing on the RT-100 Type (B) Cask - 17229

The requirements for qualifications and certification of leak test personnel on Type (B) shipping casks have been more clearly defined with the recent release of ANSI N14.5-2014, Leak Tests on Radioactive Packages for Shipment. The latest version creates a standardized approach for qualifying and certifying personnel to conduct pre-shipment leakage tests on Type (B) packages. The U.S Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) is currently updating the Regulatory Guide R.G 7.4, Leakage Tests on Packages for shipment of Radioactive Material, to endorse ANSI N14.5-2014. According to ANSI N14.5-2014, leakage testing shall be performed in accordance with written procedures by qualified and certified personnel in accordance with the requirements of ASNT SNT-TC-1A-2006, Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing. This is a significant modification to the old standard, ANSI N14.5-1997, which simply states that pressure leak testing shall be conducted by trained and certified personnel without reference to any specific certification standards or regulations. SNT-TC-1A published by the American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT) has several advantages to employers; namely, it allows for a Limited NDT Level II certification program. Limited certifications are especially valuable for personnel who possess limited experience and wish to become a certified Limited NDT Level II in a specific technique on a specific cask using a specific procedure and equipment. Robatel Technologies recently developed a comprehensive qualification and training program based on the recommendations of SNT-TC-1A for Exelon Corporation to certify their employees to a Limited NDT Level II in Pressure Decay Leak Testing on the RT-100 Cask. The project scope included the development of a training and qualification program (Written practice), writing a pressure decay leak test procedure, the design of a pressure decay leak test manifold, and the delivery of classroom training. The written practice outlines the requirements to ensure that personnel participating in the program have the necessary qualification, experience, and training to become certified in the leak test method. The program will give Exelon the liberty to conduct their own leak testing on the RT- 100 without the need to rely on outside resources for leak testing. When fully implemented, the program is expected to improve productivity and eliminate schedule delays, along with substantial economic benefits. Following the appropriate standards and industry best practices, the project was successfully completed and scheduled to be fully implemented by Exelon's Nuclear Stations by the end of 2016. (authors)

07 ISOTOPE AND RADIATION SOURCES↗
DOE OSTI2016

Direct Feed Low Activity Waste (DFLAW) Program: Development, Progression and Risk Management - 16476

This Direct Feed Low-Activity Waste (DFLAW) Program paper describes the key programmatic elements to enable the startup of treatment and disposal of Hanford tank waste through a phased startup of the Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP). Specifically the DFLAW Program consists of the Low- Activity Waste (LAW) vitrification facility, and the direct feed to LAW of treated tank farm supernatant from the Low-Activity Waste Pretreatment System (LAWPS). This document identifies the overall strategy, objectives, and processes of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of River Protection (ORP) and all supporting DOE subcontractors, and describes the scope of the program elements. In addition gaps, risks, and opportunities to successful integration for commissioning of all needed systems and facilities to produce immobilized LAW product (ILAW) are described. The scope of the DFLAW Program extends up to the point that LAW Facility hot commissioning is complete and all DFLAW systems are fully operational. The DFLAW Program coordinates, integrates, and monitors all the activities necessary to successfully commission and start up the WTP LAW facility. This involves integrating the readiness of all the plant, personnel and program/procedures that support startup of hot commissioning of tank farms systems, WTP systems, waste treatment and disposal systems, and site utility, infrastructure and services. Multiple Hanford contractors have responsibilities to execute and perform scope under the umbrella of the DFLAW Program. The primary focus of the One System organization, comprised of WTP Project and Tank Operations Contract (TOC) personnel, is to manage the coordination and integration across the interfaces of the work scope described above. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗
DOE OSTI2015

Savannah River nuclear solutions criticality safety training and qualification program and professional development/retention - 14507

Many years ago, at the Savannah River Site, the need for technically competent and qualified criticality safety (CS) staff was identified. Over the intervening years an extensive training and qualification (T and Q) program was developed. In 2008 Savannah River Nuclear Solutions (SRNS), the current site M and O contractor, inherited the T and Q program developed by the prior site contractors. Since then SRNS has initiated changes to the T and Q program to better fit the current regulatory environment, ensuring compliance with ANSI/ANS-8.26 [1], and implementing the idea of continuous improvement. Currently, a significant fraction of the SRNS CS staff either will be or are eligible for retirement. Therefore, SRNS is pursuing recent Nuclear Engineering college graduates and/or experienced criticality engineers. The challenges associated with hiring and maintaining criticality staff include, but are not limited to, increased workforce mobility and increased competition for fewer criticality resources. For example, the recent trend in company benefits is to eliminate longer term benefits such as pensions to make the benefits more transportable in terms of 401 Ks and Health Savings Accounts. In addition, there have been reductions in DOE funding for professional development through participation in ANS committees or attendance at Criticality related conferences. SRNS has investigated a number of possibilities on how to retain CS staff, but in the current environment has not identified any 'golden eggs'. Regardless, SRNS is exploring additional paths to incentivize the engineers to stay long term. SRNS is working to improve/maintain its workforce by creating a CS engineer pipeline. SRNS provides a training budget for new engineers and offers a formalized and mentored training program. For experienced criticality engineers, the SRNS T and Q program is flexible enough to allow 'credit' for previous accomplishments at other sites. SRNS is also striving to be proactive in supporting professional development by identifying specific monies in the planning phases of the annual budget requests. The current posture of SRNS is to maintain 'open' requisitions for both experienced staff looking for other opportunities, and for recent college graduates. As opportunities arise, either from within or without, SRNS evaluates the potential candidates and advances offers of employment. Until the longer term need is met SRNS intends to hire at least two staff members per year. Those staff members then enter the T and Q program and when appropriate, based on their experience and/or training accomplishments, begin assisting the current staff with program/facility CS support. (authors)

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2025

A Microreactor Program Plan for The Department of Energy

The DOE Microreactor Program was established in FY 2019 to support research and development (R&D) of technologies related to the development, demonstration, and deployment of low-power, transportable reactors to provide power and heat for decentralized generation in civilian, industrial, and defense energy sectors. The program conducts both fundamental and applied R&D to de-risk technology performance and manufacturability readiness of microreactors. R&D projects and work packages are selected to support concept-neutral technology maturation. The intent is to ensure those concepts can be licensed and deployed by commercial entities to meet specific use case requirements. At the same time, the program will also support R&D specific to certain reactor technology groups (e.g., heat pipe reactors and gas-cooled reactors) to ensure relevancy and address the technology needs of commercial developers. The program will ensure coordination of work and activities across participating laboratories and universities, establish, and manage stakeholder interactions, and support program meetings. These stakeholders include, but are not limited to, industry developers, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the Department of Energy, policymakers, and end users. This document provides an overview of the overall Microreactor Program, including its vision, key technical objectives, and scope of the current and proposed R&D portfolio. It covers a 5-year rolling currently from Fiscal year 2025 through Fiscal year 2030. This document will be revised at least biennially to reflect changing priorities.

99 - GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗