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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 1,333 records · Page 74
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS2017

Spacecraft and Instrument Photoelectrons Measured by the Dual Electron Spectrometers on MMS

Secondary electrons are continuously generated via photoemission from sunlit spacecraft and instrument surfaces. These particles can subsequently contaminate low-energy channels of electron sensors. Spacecraft photoelectrons are measured at energies below that of a positive spacecraft potential and can be removed at the expense of energy resolution. However, fluxes of photoelectrons generated inside electron instruments are independent of spacecraft potential and must be fully characterized in order to correct electron data. Here we present observations of spacecraft and instrument photoelectron populations measured with the Dual Electron Spectrometers (DES) on NASA's Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission. We leverage observations from Earth's nightside plasma sheet taken during MMS commissioning and develop an empirical model of instrument photoelectrons. This model is used with DES velocity distribution functions to correct plasma moments and has been made publicly available on the MMS science data center for use by the scientific community.

photoelectrons↗
NASA NTRS2001

Seismoball: A Small Europa Orbiter Drop-Off Probe for Early Exploration of the Europan Surface

Recent magnetometry data received from Galileo indicate that the most likely explanation for the magnetic signature there is indeed a global conducting layer below the surface. This conducting layer is well matched by a salty, mineral rich strata beneath the Europan ice crust or a salt water ocean. Galileo imaging results show a variety of terrain types thought to contain young material; for example, lineaments, chaotic terrain, and eruption features. Additionally, Galileo images have shown indications of areas of up-welling where subsurface material periodically gets pushed to the surface due to the forces of fracturing, butting, and refreezing of the ice sheet. While Europa Orbiter will provide close-flyby high resolution images, as well as magnetometry, spectroscopy and other remote sensing data of the surface, it will not be able to provide essential engineering data like surface hardness and surface ice structure needed to support eventual landed missions. Additionally, ice chemical composition at microscopic scales can only be studied in detail through in situ instrumentation. Seismoball is a small probe designed to be injected into a surface intersect orbit around Europa. Using small reverse thrusters, the probe will be capable of nulling the high horizontal injection velocity as it approaches the 2 km surface injection altitude, thus allowing it to fall to the surface at an impact velocity of < 100m/sec (much less than the DS-2 impact velocities). The external breakaway thruster structure and crushable exterior shell absorb the impact energy while allowing the science instrument suite to remain intact. JPL has already started analyzing the entry dynamics and designing/building a small, low mass probe which will withstand the impact g-forces and fit as a 'carry-on' on board the Europa Orbiter. The probe will carry a suite of 5-6 micro-instruments for imaging the surface (both microscopic and far-field), surface and shallow subsurface ice temperatures, surface hardness, crustal dynamics and periodicity, and compositional chemistry. If selected, this flight development activity will provide a unique science opportunity and adjunct to the primary Orbiter science mission. The final flight system will be designed to accommodate orbiter mass, volume, and power interface constraints, as well as entry dynamics, g-load mitigation, and arbitrary landing orientation.

Tamppari, L.↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CuH3C2NO4 by Materials Project

CuC2NH3O4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbca space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two CuC2NH3O4 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. Cu2+ is bonded to one N3- and five O2- atoms to form distorted corner-sharing CuNO5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 57°. The Cu–N bond length is 1.99 Å. There are a spread of Cu–O bond distances ranging from 2.00–2.58 Å. There are two inequivalent C3+ sites. In the first C3+ site, C3+ is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two O2- atoms. Both C–O bond lengths are 1.27 Å. In the second C3+ site, C3+ is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.26 Å) and one longer (1.28 Å) C–O bond length. N3- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Cu2+ and three H1+ atoms. There is two shorter (1.02 Å) and one longer (1.03 Å) N–H bond length. There are three inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one N3- atom. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to two equivalent Cu2+ and one C3+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Cu2+ and one C3+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Cu2+ and one C3+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Cu2+ and one C3+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on K2TeOF4 by Materials Project

K2TeOF4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Cmcm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two K2TeOF4 sheets oriented in the (0, 1, 0) direction. there are two inequivalent K1+ sites. In the first K1+ site, K1+ is bonded to one O2- and four equivalent F1- atoms to form distorted KOF4 square pyramids that share corners with five equivalent TeOF4 square pyramids and faces with four equivalent KO4F8 cuboctahedra. The K–O bond length is 2.71 Å. All K–F bond lengths are 2.61 Å. In the second K1+ site, K1+ is bonded to four equivalent O2- and eight equivalent F1- atoms to form distorted KO4F8 cuboctahedra that share corners with four equivalent KO4F8 cuboctahedra, faces with four equivalent KO4F8 cuboctahedra, faces with four equivalent KOF4 square pyramids, and faces with four equivalent TeOF4 square pyramids. There are two shorter (3.22 Å) and two longer (3.37 Å) K–O bond lengths. There are four shorter (2.99 Å) and four longer (3.12 Å) K–F bond lengths. Te4+ is bonded to one O2- and four equivalent F1- atoms to form TeOF4 square pyramids that share corners with five equivalent KOF4 square pyramids and faces with four equivalent KO4F8 cuboctahedra. The Te–O bond length is 1.82 Å. All Te–F bond lengths are 2.10 Å. O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to five K1+ and one Te4+ atom. F1- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to three K1+ and one Te4+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Nd2Te5 by Materials Project

Nd2Te5 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Cmcm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two Nd2Te5 sheets oriented in the (0, 1, 0) direction. there are two inequivalent Nd2+ sites. In the first Nd2+ site, Nd2+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Te+0.80- atoms. There are five shorter (3.26 Å) and four longer (3.39 Å) Nd–Te bond lengths. In the second Nd2+ site, Nd2+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Te+0.80- atoms. There are a spread of Nd–Te bond distances ranging from 3.29–3.37 Å. There are four inequivalent Te+0.80- sites. In the first Te+0.80- site, Te+0.80- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five Nd2+ atoms. In the second Te+0.80- site, Te+0.80- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five Nd2+ atoms. In the third Te+0.80- site, Te+0.80- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Nd2+ and four equivalent Te+0.80- atoms. All Te–Te bond lengths are 3.14 Å. In the fourth Te+0.80- site, Te+0.80- is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Nd2+ and four equivalent Te+0.80- atoms. All Te–Te bond lengths are 3.14 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hf2Pd by Materials Project

Hf2Pd crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two Hf2Pd sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. Hf is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Pd atoms. All Hf–Pd bond lengths are 2.89 Å. Pd is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Hf atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on LuPb2 by Materials Project

LuPb2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two LuPb2 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. Lu is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Pb atoms. All Lu–Pb bond lengths are 3.30 Å. Pb is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Lu atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on NbTe2 by Materials Project

NbTe2 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/m space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of one NbTe2 sheet oriented in the (2, 0, -1) direction. there are two inequivalent Nb4+ sites. In the first Nb4+ site, Nb4+ is bonded to six Te2- atoms to form distorted edge-sharing NbTe6 octahedra. There are four shorter (2.85 Å) and two longer (2.92 Å) Nb–Te bond lengths. In the second Nb4+ site, Nb4+ is bonded to six Te2- atoms to form distorted edge-sharing NbTe6 octahedra. There are a spread of Nb–Te bond distances ranging from 2.70–2.94 Å. There are three inequivalent Te2- sites. In the first Te2- site, Te2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Nb4+ atoms. In the second Te2- site, Te2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three equivalent Nb4+ atoms. In the third Te2- site, Te2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Nb4+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on PrTe3 by Materials Project

PrTe3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Cmcm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two PrTe3 sheets oriented in the (0, 1, 0) direction. Pr4+ is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to nine Te+1.33- atoms. There are a spread of Pr–Te bond distances ranging from 3.27–3.40 Å. There are two inequivalent Te+1.33- sites. In the first Te+1.33- site, Te+1.33- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Pr4+ and four equivalent Te+1.33- atoms. All Te–Te bond lengths are 3.12 Å. In the second Te+1.33- site, Te+1.33- is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five equivalent Pr4+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ca2Cu by Materials Project

Ca2Cu crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two Ca2Cu sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. there are two inequivalent Ca sites. In the first Ca site, Ca is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Cu atoms. There are two shorter (3.00 Å) and one longer (3.02 Å) Ca–Cu bond lengths. In the second Ca site, Ca is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Cu atoms. There are a spread of Ca–Cu bond distances ranging from 3.03–3.33 Å. Cu is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to seven Ca and two equivalent Cu atoms. Both Cu–Cu bond lengths are 2.52 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2017

Materials Data on Mg2Rh by Materials Project

Mg2Rh crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two Mg2Rh sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. Mg is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Rh atoms. All Mg–Rh bond lengths are 2.70 Å. Rh is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Mg atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on CrTe4Au by Materials Project

CrAuTe4 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2/m space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of one CrAuTe4 sheet oriented in the (1, 0, 0) direction. Cr3+ is bonded to six Te2- atoms to form CrTe6 octahedra that share edges with two equivalent CrTe6 octahedra and edges with four equivalent AuTe6 octahedra. There are two shorter (2.73 Å) and four longer (2.76 Å) Cr–Te bond lengths. Au5+ is bonded to six Te2- atoms to form distorted AuTe6 octahedra that share edges with two equivalent AuTe6 octahedra and edges with four equivalent CrTe6 octahedra. There are four shorter (2.72 Å) and two longer (3.32 Å) Au–Te bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Te2- sites. In the first Te2- site, Te2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Cr3+ and two equivalent Au5+ atoms. In the second Te2- site, Te2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Cr3+ and one Au5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on BeAu2 by Materials Project

BeAu2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two BeAu2 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. Be2+ is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Au1- atoms. All Be–Au bond lengths are 2.53 Å. Au1- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Be2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on GeS by Materials Project

GeS crystallizes in the orthorhombic Cmcm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two GeS sheets oriented in the (0, 1, 0) direction. Ge2+ is bonded to five equivalent S2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing GeS5 square pyramids. There are one shorter (2.38 Å) and four longer (2.75 Å) Ge–S bond lengths. S2- is bonded to five equivalent Ge2+ atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing SGe5 square pyramids.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Hf2Ag by Materials Project

AgHf2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two AgHf2 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. Hf is bonded in a 12-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Ag atoms. All Hf–Ag bond lengths are 3.03 Å. Ag is bonded in a distorted body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Hf atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ti2Pd by Materials Project

Ti2Pd crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two Ti2Pd sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. Ti is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Pd atoms. All Ti–Pd bond lengths are 2.75 Å. Pd is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Ti atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on SiPt3 by Materials Project

Pt3Si crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/m space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two Pt3Si sheets oriented in the (0, 1, 0) direction. there are three inequivalent Pt+1.33+ sites. In the first Pt+1.33+ site, Pt+1.33+ is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to two equivalent Si4- atoms. There are one shorter (2.37 Å) and one longer (2.54 Å) Pt–Si bond lengths. In the second Pt+1.33+ site, Pt+1.33+ is bonded in an L-shaped geometry to two equivalent Si4- atoms. Both Pt–Si bond lengths are 2.46 Å. In the third Pt+1.33+ site, Pt+1.33+ is bonded in a water-like geometry to two equivalent Si4- atoms. Both Pt–Si bond lengths are 2.45 Å. Si4- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six Pt+1.33+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2017

Materials Data on BePd2 by Materials Project

BePd2 crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two BePd2 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. Be is bonded in a body-centered cubic geometry to eight equivalent Pd atoms. All Be–Pd bond lengths are 2.42 Å. Pd is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four equivalent Be atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗