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DMTN-171: Fall 2020 status of crowded field processing with the LSST Alert Production Pipelines
A report on the Fall 2020 state of the LSST Alert Production Pipelines' ability to process deep images in the galactic bulge.
Mobile X-Ray Toolkit v. 1.0.x
XTK Mobile is a software application for acquiring and processing digital images. XTK Mobile runs on mobile phones and tablets running iOS and Android operating systems.
Digital Radiography and Computed Tomography (DRCT) of Recovered Chemical Warfare Materiel
The Digital Radiography and Computed Tomography (DRCT) of recovered chemical warfare material (RCWM) project is an ongoing effort to provide the following to the U.S. Army Chemical Materiel Activity (CMA): 1. Development of field-portable and transportable digital x-ray inspection capabilities including radiography and computed tomography. 2. Continuous maintenance and product development to maintain state of the art in x-ray inspection. 3. Evaluation and incorporation of advanced technologies. 4. Deployment of capabilities to selected U.S. Army designated sites. 5. Training of personnel in the use of x-ray inspection equipment. 6. Development of user guides and related documentation for inspection systems. 7. Operations support to field personnel to assess and resolve problems in the field. Support includes both remote (from Idaho) and on-site depending on the problem. These systems have been used to inspect thousands of containers ranging from bare and overpacked munitions to drums and ton containers. This in-progress program review showcases prospective efforts and updates to project systems that are in the developmental stage.
Standardized and Cost-Effective Benthic Habitat Mapping Tools for Marine and Hydrokinetic Site Environmental Assessments
A variety of techniques have been used for baseline benthic habitat characterization and monitoring at marine and hydrokinetic (MHK) sites. A lack of standardization has led to expensive efforts that can be confusing for regulators and stakeholders evaluating these sites. Benthic habitat maps have traditionally been developed from a suite of geophysical data, including ultibeam echosounder (MBES) bathymetry and backscatter, side scan sonar, imagery from deployed camera systems, and/or sediment sample chemical and biological data. Integral is developing a computer vision (CV) system for automating the measurement of key physical and biological features in sediment profile image (SPI) and seafloor plan view (PV) imagery so that image-derived data can be efficiently integrated with other data sets to create standardized benthic habitat maps at MHK facilities.
Depth-First Search Image Chasing
This presentation contains results from work on an active NNSS Site-directed research and development (SDRD) project: NLV-019-20. It describes a new algorithm for "few-angle tomography", which can be used to reconstruct an approximation to an object from limited quantities or radiographs under specific conditions. This presentation is an initial documentation of research results thus-far, and we would like to share these methods with colleagues at Lawrence Livermore National Lab who have an expertise in the area of few-angle tomography. Sharing this presentation will be done via email and or teleconference amongst DoE personnel. In the future, we would also like to share these results with collaborators from Academia as well.
Pan-Arctic observations of ice wedge melting and thermokarst pool expansion
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Automated Root Analysis for Minirhizotrons
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Morphological Methods for Signal Extraction and Parameter Estimation
Presentation is to be given at upcoming Reaction History Workshop, in conjunction with Lawrence Livermore National Lab and Los Alamos National Lab.
Film Grain Simulation for Oscilloscope Trace Image Synthesis
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Occlusion-Perturbed Deep Learning for Probabilistic Solar Forecasting via Sky Images: Preprint
Solar forecasting is shifting to the probabilistic paradigm due to the inherent uncertainty within the solar resource. Input uncertainty quantification is one of the widely used and best-performing ways to model solar uncertainty. However, compared to other sources of inputs, such as numerical weather prediction models, pure sky image-based probabilistic solar forecasting lags behind. In this research, an occlusion-perturbed convolutional neural network, named the PSolarNet, is developed. The PSolarNet provides very short-term deterministic forecasts, forecast scenarios, and probabilistic forecasts of the global horizontal irradiance from sky image sequences. Case studies based on 6 years of open-source data show that the developed PSolarNet is able to generate accurate 10-minute ahead deterministic forecasts with a 5.62% normalized root mean square error, realistic and diverse forecast scenarios with a 0.966 average correlation with the actual time series, and reliable and sharp probabilistic forecasts with a 2.77% normalized continuous ranked probability score.
The Impacts of Source Location in Tomographic Gamma Scanning - 17324
Canberra Industries has recently designed and built a Tomographic Gamma Scanning (TGS) system for the deployment in a nuclear facility. The TGS technique combines high-resolution gamma spectroscopy with low spatial resolution 3-dimensional image reconstruction to provide increased accuracy over traditional approaches for the assay of non-uniform source distributions in low-to medium-density containers. The TGS system has been optimized to measure 120 liter drums and has been equipped to use various collimators and attenuators to assay containers under a wide range of operational conditions. In this paper, we report on experimental work using TGS systems aimed at evaluating the effects of source locations at the limits of volume elements, or voxels, defined in the image reconstruction. These include sources placed at voxel boundaries within a single vertical layer and sources placed in the lowest and highest possible vertical positions within the containers. Building upon previous studies, the accuracy of the TGS system was also assessed by varying the radial position of a point source within a vertical segment. The robustness of the TGS image reconstruction algorithm to location of the sources location was also analyzed as a function of matrix density and gamma-ray energy. Methods to reduce the biases from source location at extreme positions within the container were implemented and tested. The results from this work have been used to better understand the total measurement uncertainty (TMU) and analysis methodology used in TGS systems currently deployed and under development. (authors)
Conducting Gamma Radiation Surveys on Municipal Roadways in Support of the Port Hope Area Initiative - 16602
The Port Hope Area Initiative (PHAI) is a community-based solution for the long-term management of historic low level radioactive waste (LLRW) resulting from 60 years of uranium and radium processing operations in the Town of Port Hope, Ontario. The project aims to remediate approximately 1.7 million cubic metres LLRW through the consolidation of waste within two Long-term Waste Management facilities to be constructed within the municipalities of Port Hope and Clarington. Within the Town of Port Hope, surveys are being conducted at approximately 5000 individual properties to confirm the presence of LLRW, delineate its extent and develop cost estimates for remediation. Identification of the presence of LLRW is based on multiple lines of evidence including reviews of historical information, gamma radiation surveys and sampling for four signature contaminants. Of the 5000 properties, a number are municipal rights of way, largely municipal roads, that may have been impacted through spillage of LLRW when it was historically transported through the community for disposal and/or through its use as construction backfill. This paper describes the completion of gamma radiation surveys on these municipal rights of way and the challenges that needed to be addressed working on travelled roadways in an active community. To maximize efficiency and minimize inconvenience to motorists the gamma surveys are conducted using a mobile platform that provides high resolution spectral gamma logging coupled to GPS for geo-spatial referencing. The system employs large volume, spectroscopy grade, sodium iodide detectors that permit the collection radiological spectra allowing for effective discrimination of gamma radiation signals emitted from naturally occurring background sources (e.g. potassium 40) from the gamma emissions associated with the specific contaminants of concern (e.g. Ra-226). The system can be deployed on any platform including a backpack. For the majority of the roadways surveyed a small, self-contained, road-legal trailer attached to a motorized tow vehicle (e.g. side-by-side UTV or small pick-up truck) is used as the survey platform. This accommodates the mounting of multiple detectors and allows the surveys to be conducted without the need for closing traffic lanes thus improving productivity and safety while minimizing inconvenience to motorists. Data quality objectives are readily achieved through the use of multiple passes over the same target area providing a geo-spatially rich dataset for post-processing and imaging. Topics covered in the paper include: the logistics of completing high quality gamma surveys on travelled roadways; health, safety and traffic considerations; community outreach and response; and a comparison of isotopically-speciated data vs total gamma readings evaluating the influence of background sources. The lessons learned will be applicable to anyone planning on conducting similar surveys in urban settings. (authors)
3D Reconstruction, Augmented Reality, and Telerobotic Operation - 18297
For nuclear facility decommissioning and waste cleanup, it is necessary to deploy simple and robust robots in remote sites performing precise and dexterous manipulation under teleoperation. To meet the challenge, this paper presents a new remote operation method based on augmented reality for intuitive and efficient teleoperation. The enhanced teleoperation system incorporates three technology components - 3D sensing and reconstruction, augmented reality, and teleoperation. The 3D reconstruction technology utilizes 3D cameras and constructs a 3D geometric model of the environment. Compared to the state-of-the- art technology, the presented 3D reconstruction has greater spatial precision and dynamic object tracking capability, which enhances the precision of manipulation tasks in a dynamic environment. The augmented reality technology entails generation of virtual surfaces of various geometries and dynamic characteristics, as well as consistent perceptual overlay in camera, robot and operator hand control spaces. Teleoperation is demonstrated with a dual-arm robot system operated under Robot Operating System (ROS). (authors)
Localized Imaging and Mapping for Underwater Fuel Storage Basins - 18364
Current methods for inspection of spent nuclear fuel storage basins involve lowering a single camera for visual inspection of walls and other structures. We present a localized inspection solution where the images are automatically annotated by localization information and a 3D model of the inspected area is generated. The system consists of an underwater sensor pod containing a stereo pair of cameras, light source, inertial measurement unit, and a pressure sensor. The sensors are time synchronized to provide precise measurements. We describe both the sensor pod and the algorithms that keep the pod localized. Preliminary results from in-air testing of a prototype are presented. (authors)
Identification and Quantification of Carbon Phases in Conversion Fuel for the Transient Reactor Test Facility
As part of an overall effort to convert US research reactors to low-enriched uranium (LEU) fuel, a LEU conversion fuel is being designed for the Transient Reactor Test Facility (TREAT) at the Idaho National Laboratory. TREAT fuel compacts are comprised of UO{sub 2} fuel particles in a graphitic matrix material. In order to refine heat transfer modeling, as well as determine other physical and nuclear characteristics of the fuel, the amount and type of graphite and non-graphite phases within the fuel matrix must be known. In this study, we performed a series of complementary analyses, designed to allow detailed characterization of the graphite and phenolic resin based fuel matrix. Methods included Scanning Electron Microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray Diffraction. Our results indicate that no single characterization technique will yield all of the desired information; however, through the use of statistical and empirical data analysis, such as curve fitting, partial least squares regression, volume extrapolation and spectra peak ratios, a degree of certainty for the quantity of each phase can potentially be obtained. Although no one type of analysis has provided a complete determination of the quantities and identities of all carbon phases present in the fuel matrix, additional information has been gathered and is being used to refine future analysis methods. From the three types of quantification performed, results have been within 1% (92.8%, 93.02% and 93.6% for BSE image analysis, XRD and Raman spectroscopy, respectively). More work remains to identify any trace crystalline carbonaceous phases that may be present, quantify any traces that are identified, and develop and use further complementary bulk phase quantification techniques. (authors)
An improved methodology to determine pore size distribution and pore density in the high burnup structure
The formation of the high burnup structure (HBS) on the peripheral region of the light water reactor (LWR) UO{sub 2} fuel pellet is characterized by a steep increase in porosity. The newly formed micron-size intergranular pores trap most of the created fission gas. The study of the pore size distribution and its evolution with burnup is fundamental to estimate the fission gas pressure in the pores and can influence the burst release in accidental conditions. Quantitative image analysis is usually employed to quantify the pore size-distribution. It is determined mainly in two dimension (2D) using a histogram. Few attempts have been made in the past to derive also three-dimensional (3D) pore size-distribution employing the Schwartz-Saltykov (ScSa) method. In this work, we determine experimentally the pore size-distribution in the HBS and apply a new procedure to determine the distribution, both in 2D and 3D. (authors)