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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 145 records · Page 8
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1992

Early events of polyoma infection: adsorption, penetration and nuclear transport

Polyoma virions have different attachment proteins which are responsible for hemagglutination of erythrocytes and attachment to cultured mouse kidney cells (MKC). Virion binding studies demonstrated that MKC possess specific (productive infection) and nonspecific (nonproductive) receptors. Empty polyoma capsids have hemagglutination activity and bind to non-specific MKC receptors, but they are not capable of competing for specific virion cell receptors or preventing productive infection. Isoelectric focusing of the virion major capsid protein, VP1, separated this protein into six species (A through F). These species had identical amino acid sequences, but differed in degree of modification (phosphorylation, acetylation, sulfation and hydroxylation). Evidence based upon precipitation with specific antisera supports the view that VP1 species E is required for specific adsorption and that D and F are required for hemagglutination. The virion attachment domain has been localized to an 18 kilodalton fragment of the C-terminal region of VP1. Monopinocytotic vesicles containing 125I-labeled polyoma virions were isolated from infected MKC. A crosslinker was used to bind the MKC cell receptor(s) covalently to VP1 attachment protein, and a new 120 kilodalton band was identified by SDS-PAGE. An anti-idiotype antibody prepared against a neutralizing polyoma monoclonal antiody was used to identify a putative 50 kilodalton receptor protein from a detergent extract of MKC, as well as from MKC membrane preparation.

NASA Discipline Developmental Biology↗
NASA NTRS1998

Hydrogen Desorption and Adsorption Measurements on Graphite Nanofibers

Graphite nanofibers were synthesized and their hydrogen desorption and adsorption properties are reported for 77 and 300 K. Catalysts were made by several different methods including chemical routes, mechanical alloying and gas condensation.

graphite nanofibers hydrogen desorption adsorption↗
NASA NTRS2018

Progress Towards Modeling a Rapid Cycle Adsorption Pump for CO2 Compression

A Rapid Cycle Adsorption Pump (RCAP) is a competitive technology for capturing and pressuring CO2 within a Martian In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) system. In an ISRU plant, CO2 from the Martian atmosphere at ~0.69-0.925kPa must first be pressured to ~101-500kPa to produce O2 and/or CH4. A RCAP pressurizes CO2 by imposing fast temperature swings on an adsorbent bed low pressure CO2 is adsorbed onto the cooled bed, and higher pressure CO2 is desorbed from the heated bed. To aid the design of a RCAP for NASA's Advanced Exploration Systems (AES) ISRU project, a finite difference thermal model of a single stack RCAP was developed in Thermal Desktop. The stack consists of one gas passage sandwiched between two sorbent beds and two cold plates (for heating/cooling each bed). The model implements adsorption/desorption physics via a linear driving force approximation in order to predict both temperature and pressure swings in the pump. The modeling approach is presented along with a discussion of its results and the current design. The model was also used to trade cooling speed when constructing the RCAP with 3D printed high thermal conductivity copper (GRCop-84) verses 3D printed aluminum (AlSi10mg). A wide assembly was modeled to predict the performance of multiple stacks in parallel. Major performance drivers were identified to be 1) the contact heat transfer to the sorbent bed, and 2) the pump's thermal mass.

Modeling↗
NASA NTRSDate not supplied

Experimental Results of a Rapidly Cycled Temperature Swing Adsorption Pump in a Terrestrial Environment

To improve the increasing CO 2 levels on Earth, technology for carbon capture and utilization must be efficient and cost effective. One major contributor of atmospheric CO 2 is post-combustion flue gas, which can contain up to 20% CO 2 . Scrubbing this CO 2 could reduce the environmental impact of this common industrial process. In off-Earth environments, capturing and utilizing CO 2 from space resources is useful for crewed spaceflight life support. Specifically, the Bosch process, which produces water and carbon powder by reacting CO 2 and hydrogen, is a possible in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) architecture for the Moon and Mars. The Rapid Cycle Temperature Swing Adsorption (RC-TSA) pump is an innovative technology designed to capture CO 2 efficiently. The RC-TSA leverages a stacked plate geometry to cycle multiple zeolite-coated beds. The thin layers allow for rapid heat transfer of the zeolite coating, which improves performance over previously tested pump designs. The design is favorable for scalability and manufacturability, which are forward work. Initial testing of the sorption pump using a simulated flue gas environment shows favorable breakthrough capacities and reduced cycle times. Results show promise for on- and off-Earth applications, such as a Martian surface and crewed spaceflight environments.

adsorption pump↗