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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 145 records · Page 8
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Probing Electron Correlations in 1D Electronic Materials Using Single Quantum Channels (Final Technical Report)

This research focuses on the investigation of strong electron correlations in quasi-one-dimensional oxide nanostructures. The archetypical system consisting of heterostructures formed from an ultrathin layer of LaAlO 3 and TiO 2 -terminated SrTiO 3 offers a unique laboratory for probing strong correlations due to intrinsic richness of the physical system and its ability to be modulated at extreme nanoscale dimensions. Under suitable conditions, SrTiO 3 is known to exhibit a variety of important properties associated with strong electronic correlations, especially superconductivity, magnetism. Understanding the nature of these electronic correlations at fundamental scales, and in reduced spatial dimensions, will provide the scientific basis for new energy technologies, information technologies, and materials. The research program is motivated by recent discoveries and technical advances in the PIs' lab, specifically, (1) pioneering work to create conductive nanostructures to be created in LaAlO 3 /SrTiO 3 heterointerfaces with 2 nm spatial resolution, (2) the discovery of a novel correlated electronic phases in which electrons pair without forming a superconductor, and (3) the demonstrated ability to form high-quality quantum point contacts (QPCs) and achieve ballistic electron transport over micrometer-scales in LaAlO 3 /SrTiO 3 nanowires. The program has three major components. First, we have press forward to develop a full microscopic understanding of the mechanism for electron pairing in LaAlO 3 /SrTiO 3 nanostructures. Understanding the “glue” that leads to pairing and superconductivity in a doped semiconductor will help to form a scientific basis for the correlated oxide nanoelectronics platform being developed. Second, we have used their ability to create well-defined quantum channels in nanowires allows to allow novel “scattering” experiments to be performed that probe fundamentally new quasiparticle excitations using an unprecedented combination of experimental methodologies. Experiments already underway with artificially defined superlattices (5 nm period) demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. Third, we have investigated 1D correlations in proximally coupled nanowires, which are predicted exhibit Majorana-like zero modes in the absence of superconductivity or spin-orbit coupling. These studies provide insight not only into new and emergent phenomena in the rich class of complex oxides, but also fundamental mechanisms of superconductivity and magnetism. Thematically, the research aims to combine some of the most important and interesting challenges in the physics of semiconductor nanostructures and correlated electronic materials. The increased understanding of electron correlations can pave the way to the development of new materials with outstanding or novel properties, which could be relevant for energy-related technologies such as low-power high performance computing, quantum computation, or the development of novel materials.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2025

Micropolar Elastoplasticity Using a Fast Fourier Transform‐Based Solver

ABSTRACT This work presents a micromechanical spectral formulation for obtaining the full‐field and homogenized response of elastoplastic micropolar composites. A closed‐form radial‐return mapping is derived from thermodynamics‐based micropolar elastoplastic constitutive equations to determine the increment of plastic strain necessary to return the generalized stress state to the yield surface, and the algorithm implementation is verified using the method of numerically manufactured solutions. Then, size‐dependent material response and micro‐plasticity are shown as features that may be efficiently simulated in this micropolar elastoplastic framework. The computational efficiency of the formulation enables the generation of large datasets in reasonable computing times.

42 ENGINEERING↗
NASA NTRS2000

Overview of Nanobiotechnology

The ability to manipulate matter at the atomic and molecular levels is likely to change the way almost everything is designed and made, from computers to engineering systems to objects not yet imagined. For nanometer-scale objects, biological systems provide a rich storehouse of interesting ideas and strategies, and this is why there has been synergistic coupling between nanotechnology and biotechnology. The field of nanobiotechnology is garnering much interest around the world. In January 2000, the President announced the establishment of the National Nanotechnology Initiative and has made it a top priority. An attempt is made in this overview to define some of the buzzwords and set the stage for the succeeding presentations. This presentation is divided into four parts. The first part identifies the major characteristics of future aerospace systems that distinguish them from the current systems. The second and third parts describe the revolutionary and key technologies and future research and learning environments required for the realization of future systems. The fourth part lists the objectives of the workshop and the sources of information about nano and biotechnologies. This document consists of viewgraphs with an explanation for each slide.

Ahmed K. Noor↗
DOE OSTI2025

New Deformation Mechanisms in Nanocrystalline Nano-porous Small Scale Metals as Defined by Kinetically-driven Microstructures

This report describes recent advances in the design and fabrication of nanostructured metallic pillars with hierarchical microstructures using a novel nanoscale additive manufacturing approach. Through a hydrogel-infusion-based two-photon lithography (TPL) method, we successfully fabricated 3D nickel nanopillars exhibiting both nanocrystalline and nanoporous features. The resulting “bamboo-like” internal architecture comprises 30–50 nm grains and voids with similarly scaled pores. These geometrically tunable pillars, with diameters ranging from ~130 to 550 nm, serve as an ideal platform for probing deformation mechanisms in structurally heterogeneous metals at the nanoscale.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
NASA NTRS2005

Development of Sensors for Aerospace Applications

Advances in technology have led to the availability of smaller and more accurate sensors. Computer power to process large amounts of data is no longer the prevailing issue; thus multiple and redundant sensors can be used to obtain more accurate and comprehensive measurements in a space vehicle. The successful integration and commercialization of micro- and nanotechnology for aerospace applications require that a close and interactive relationship be developed between the technology provider and the end user early in the project. Close coordination between the developers and the end users is critical since qualification for flight is time-consuming and expensive. The successful integration of micro- and nanotechnology into space vehicles requires a coordinated effort throughout the design, development, installation, and integration processes

Medelius, Pedro↗
DOE OSTI2020

Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES) (2020 Final Technical Report)

Nanostructures for Electrical Energy Storage (NEES, www.efrc.umd.edu) was an Energy Frontier Research Center supported by the DOE Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, from 8/1/2009 to 7/31/2020. Led by the University of Maryland, NEES enjoyed extensive collaborations with its funded partners, including two DOE Laboratories and six universities. The NEES vision has been to reveal a set of scientific insights and design principles that can underpin a next-generation electrical energy storage approach, building on advances in nanoscale science and technology to achieve simultaneous high power and high energy over extended charge/discharge cycling. The vision is motivated by the recognition that scaling into the nano regime opens the door to new physical phenomena and that the tools enlisted in nanoscale research provide major new opportunities for the synthesis not only of materials at molecular scale but for structures at nano scale and above. NEES has translated this vision into its research program based on two observations. First, while the behavior of ions and electrons in electrolytes and in electrode materials is crucial to electrical energy storage (or more appropriately electrochemical energy storage), it is the transport of ion and electron charge between different structural components of a storage device that ultimately determine its performance. With it well recognized that the choice of electrode materials typically constrain ion transport kinetics as well as maximum ion concentration, the search for better electrode materials has been a primary driver of battery research. At the same time the synthesis of electrodes is typically based on aggregation of particles with varying size, shape, and orientation in the electrode. Together with the presence of additional materials to impart electrical conductivity and cohesion to the composite electrode, change in electrode materials is necessarily accompanied by structural changes at the nano/micro scale that are difficult to categorize and manage. From the beginning, NEES’ vision has been to create and study simpler, highly controlled spatial arrangements of known materials as battery components (electrodes, current collectors, and electrolyte) and to understand how design and structure above the molecular scale determines the energy storage performance available from known materials. Second, advances in nanoscience dramatically expanded the portfolio of synthesis methods, structural motifs, and new phenomena available for research. Some of these gave rapid access to new building blocks at the deep nanoscale (e.g., carbon nanotubes grown by self-assembly, nanoscale arrays formed by electrochemical self-alignment, monolayer films controlled by self-limiting reaction). Such advances served as the enabler for the NEES vision to be pursued experimentally through study of 3D structures created and controlled at the nano, micro, and meso scales. Here, we use meso as in the BES MESO Report, implying not only intermediate or varying length scales, but very much the way behavior is influenced by other factors including aggregation of nanocomponents at different densities and spatial configurations, statistical variations in the aggregates, hierarchical architectures in which they can be assembled, or local 3D configurations that result from the architectures. Over its life cycle, NEES has pursued two overarching goals: (1) to understand the scientific fundamentals of electrochemical storage from the nanoscale to the mesoscale; and (2) to create and learn from innovative, controlled, heterogeneous nanostructures, where such nanostructures can enable the first goal and serve as models for future paradigms in energy storage. Specific goals have included: Synthesize heterogeneous nanostructures comprised of multiple materials arranged in controlled fashion and characterize their behavior; Demonstrate and elucidate design principles for achieving simultaneous high power and high energy; Develop materials processes which enable precision control of thin layers and 3D structures; Investigate the impact of artificial interphases on electrode stability during ion insertion/deinsertion; Create dense arrays of nanostructures to understand how the architecture of these assemblies, along with nanostructure design, influences energy storage behavior at the mesoscale; Identify and understand the consequences of nanoconfinement and local inhomogeneities in 3D mesoscale arrays; Develop and apply computational models to stimulate, guide and interpret experiments.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗
NASA NTRS2011

An Interim Report on NASA's Draft Space Technology Roadmaps

NASA has developed a set of 14 draft roadmaps to guide the development of space technologies under the leadership of the NASA Office of the Chief Technologist (OCT). Each of these roadmaps focuses on a particular technology area (TA). The roadmaps are intended to foster the development of advanced technologies and concepts that address NASA's needs and contribute to other aerospace and national needs. OCT requested that the National Research Council conduct a study to review the draft roadmaps, gather and assess relevant community input, and make recommendations and suggest priorities to inform NASA's decisions as it finalizes its roadmaps. The statement of task states that "based on the results of the community input and its own deliberations, the steering committee will prepare a brief interim report that addresses high-level issues associated with the roadmaps, such as the advisability of modifying the number or technical focus of the draft NASA roadmaps." This interim report, which does not include formal recommendations, addresses that one element of the study charge. NASA requested this interim report so that it would have the opportunity to make an early start in modifying the draft roadmaps based on feedback from the panels and steering committee. The final report will address all other tasks in the statement of task. In particular, the final report will include a prioritization of technologies, will describe in detail the prioritization process and criteria, and will include specific recommendations on a variety of topics, including many of the topics mentioned in this interim report. In developing both this interim report and the final report to come, the steering committee draws on the work of six study panels organized by technical area, loosely following the organization of the 14 roadmaps, as follows: A Panel 1: Propulsion and Power TA01 Launch Propulsion Systems TA02 In-Space Propulsion Technologies TA03 Space Power and Energy Storage Systems TA13 Ground and Launch Systems Processing B Panel 2: Robotics, Communications, and Navigation TA04 Robotics, TeleRobotics, and Autonomous Systems TA05 Communication and Navigation Systems C Panel 3: Instruments and Computing TA08 Science Instruments, Observatories, and Sensor Systems TA11 Modeling, Simulation, Information Technology, and Data Processing D Panel 4: Human Health and Surface Exploration TA06 Human Health, Life Support, and Habitation Systems TA07 Human Exploration Destination Systems E Panel 5: Materials Panel TA10 Nanotechnology TA12 Materials, Structures, Mechanical Systems, and Manufacturing TA14 Thermal Management Systems F Panel 6: Entry, Descent, and Landing Panel TA09 Entry, Descent, and Landing Systems In addition to drawing on the expertise represented on the steering committee and panels, the committee obtained input from each of 14 public workshops held on each of the 14 roadmaps. At these 1-day workshops, invited speakers, guests, and members of the public engaged in discussions on the different technology areas and their value to NASA. Broad community input was also solicited from a public website, where more than 240 public comments were received on the draft roadmaps in response to application of criteria (such as benefit, risk and reasonableness, and alignment with NASA and national goals) that the steering committee established. This interim report reflects the results of deliberations by the steering committee in light of these public inputs as well as additional inputs from the six panels. The steering committee's final report will be completed early in 2012. That report will prioritize the technologies that span the entire scope of the 14 roadmaps and provide additional guidance on crosscutting themes and other relevant topics.

Source record↗
DOE OSTI2025

Artificial intelligence for advanced functional materials: exploring current and future directions

This perspective addresses the topic of harnessing the tools of artificial intelligence (AI) for boosting innovation in functional materials design and engineering as well as discovering new materials for targeted applications in energy storage, biomedicine, composites, nanoelectronics or quantum technologies. It gives a current view of experts in the field, insisting on challenges and opportunities provided by the development of large materials databases, novel schemes for implementing AI into materials production and characterization as well as progress in the quest of simulating physical and chemical properties of realistic atomic models reaching the trillion atoms scale and with near ab initio accuracy.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2024

Using Likwid and Byfl to Benchmark Hardware Performance

This paper outlines a benchmarking study conducted during my internship at LANL, focusing on CPU (Computer Processing Unit) and program performance assessment. The primary goal was to gather memory access data using three methods across five polybench kernels The data gathered would then be used to compare and contrast to one another and calculate operational intensity for performance comparisons. Benchmarking tools like Byfl and Likwid were employed, with Byfl offering hardware-independent data through LLVM compiler communication and Likwid directly interacting with computer hardware. The study considered various benchmarking factors, including optimization levels, Big O notation ((n)), CPU diversity and specific kernel equations. Big O notation was utilized to simplify code complexity, with detailed breakdwons of operations and memory components for each polybench application. Specific O(n) equations enabled nuanced kernel compariosns, facilitating the identification of performance variations. CPU efficiency assessments were conducted using Likwid tests on two CPUs. The central focus on code optimization aimed at achieving higher speeds and reduced memory usage through streamlined code. Future work propsoes creating a roofline model, synthesizing benchmarking data into a comprehensive data graph to assist in optimizing code and improving hardware performance. The potential impact on the laboratory or national mission was underscored, emphasizing the importance of optimizing applications and hardware to conserve resources and accelerate program execution. The specific relevance to LANL’s operations in math-intensive fields such as Nuclear Fission, Space Exploration, and Nanotechnology highlights the necessity of efficient benchmarking for resource conservation and proram speed. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of CPU and program performance, providing insights for future optimization efforts in a laboratory setting

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2022

Scalable Nano-Scaffold SOFC Anode Architecture Enabling Direct Hydrocarbon Utilization

This project is based on WVU’s pending patents, technology and aims to design and modify the internal surfaces of the Ni/YSZ anode from currently commercially viable Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) using the additive manufacturing process of Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). The surface architecture/scaffold added onto the internal surface of the anode possesses an engineered nanostructure but it features only commonly-used oxide conductors and electro-catalyst materials. The surface layer possesses a minimum thickness of ~2-40 nm and is solely designed to control the surface reforming reactions and to increase catalytic activity. Three-dimensional (3D) nano scaffold architectures with the noble metal nano-catalyst, low-cost bimetallic catalytic alloys, and nano-scale ionic conducting oxide fully compatible with the state-of-the-art Ni/YSZ anode, were applied to the internal surface of the entire porous SOFC anode using ALD. In the present work, the surface scaffold architecture is essentially multi-functional at the nano-scale, facilitated by the multiple heterostructured interfaces. It will significantly enhance the power density and cell durability for direct hydrocarbon utilization by (1) increasing the number of electrochemical reaction sites to enhance the hydrogen/hydrocarbon oxidation reactions; (2) reducing carbon formation; (3) mitigating the coarsening of backbone Ni phase and the oxidation attack of Ni from oxidants (e.g., H2O, CO2); and (4) promoting the internal reforming capabilities, especially for natural gas applications. ALD is employed to generate stable anode surface architectures that are uniform, precisely controllable at the atomic scale, and accurately repeatable for processing. The engineered anode surface nano-scaffold architecture was cataloged and analyzed using High-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and cell power/durability performance assessed via comprehensive electrochemical performance testing with commercial specimens and relevant environments using hydrocarbon fuels. To the best of our knowledge, this project is the First Report on ALD of Ni/YSZ. The actual achievement of this Project includes (1). Successful demonstration of 7 types of ALD layers on Ni/YSZ anode, including Co, Ni, Mn, Pt, Ru, ZrOx and multi-functional nano-composite. (1). Conformal coating and subsequently spontaneously pinning the discrete nano-catalyst, including the precious metal nano-catalyst and the Ni and Co catalysts, on the YSZ surface upon the electrochemical operation in the reduced atmosphere. Those nano-catalysts on the ionic-conducting YSZ provided excellent sites for promoting internal reforming; (2). Demonstrated ALD coating increased both catalytic activity and conductivity of Ni/YSZ. Conformal coating provided dopants and introduced additional electrical conducting pathways on the YSZ ionic conductor. The doped surface layer of YSZ with mixed conductivity thus further introduces the active triple phase boundaries adjacent to the ALD-coated nano-catalysts such as Pt, Co, and Ni that are pinned on the YSZ surface. The nano-composite ALD coating on Ni/YSZ anode has significantly increased cell durability; and (3). ALD coating of Ni/YSZ anode increased the power density of the entire cell by 300%. For a long time, the SOFC performance, such as the power density, was deemed hindered by the cathode. The sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the cathode was deemed as hindering the power density of the SOFCs. For the anode-supported commercial SOFCs, the cell performance is considered to be limited by the cathode's performance. For the first time in the field of SOFC, this project has demonstrated that (1). the performance of commercial SOFCs can be further increased by the ALD coating on Ni/YSZ anode backbone. (2). ALD coating on Ni/YSZ fuel electrodes results in the enhancement of power density, and increased reliability, robustness, and endurance of SOFCs, for their application using both hydrogen and hydrocarbon fuels over the entire operating temperature range of 650-800ºC for the inherently functional commercial cells. (3). ALD coating provides alternative approaches of exsolutions for introducing the stable catalyst onto the internal surface of the Ni/YSZ electrode. ALD coating could be much more versatile than exsolution in employing the catalysts with various chemistries onto the various backbones. (4). Due to the negligible amount of ALD materials coated onto the internal surface of the porous cathode of the as-fabricated cells, a peak power density increase up to 300 % induced by ALD coating was simultaneously achieved in terms of both power density and specific power. (5). The ALD coating developed through this project was applied to both the SOFC and Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOEC). SOEC’s face a similar but more demanding need to improve the fuel electrode's performance. It opens further research directions for electrocatalytic surface nanoionics with a wide range of chemistry. It will revolutionize our ability to render the formation of a nanostructured electrode that has been constantly pursued yet barely achieved for practical SOFC/SOEC applications. The research is also immediately transformative since both the preliminary data and the proposed work are on the direct implantation of nanoionics into the state-of-the-art inherently functional SOCs. It represents an immediate impact on the commercial sectors in SOC technology since the applied ALD processing is computer-controlled ALD coating using the commercial ALD systems, and it is scalable to both the single cells and SOC stacks.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2026

Underwater Imaging via Wide Field of View Metalens

We demonstrate a metasurface-based platform for underwater imaging in the blue range, enabling wavefront shaping and capturing images through scattering and absorbing media. Engineered metalenses achieve ultra-wide, 170° field-of-view performance for underwater imaging.

Chen, Yuxuan [Department of Electrical and Compute↗
NASA NTRS1996

NanoDesign: Concepts and Software for a Nanotechnology Based on Functionalized Fullerenes

Eric Drexler has proposed a hypothetical nanotechnology based on diamond and investigated the properties of such molecular systems. While attractive, diamonoid nanotechnology is not physically accessible with straightforward extensions of current laboratory techniques. We propose a nanotechnology based on functionalized fullerenes and investigate carbon nanotube based gears with teeth added via a benzyne reaction known to occur with C60. The gears are single-walled carbon nanotubes with appended coenzyme groups for teeth. Fullerenes are in widespread laboratory use and can be functionalized in many ways. Companion papers computationally demonstrate the properties of these gears (they appear to work) and the accessibility of the benzyne/nanotube reaction. This paper describes the molecular design techniques and rationale as well as the software that implements these design techniques. The software is a set of persistent C++ objects controlled by TCL command scripts. The c++/tcl interface is automatically generated by a software system called tcl_c++ developed by the author and described here. The objects keep track of different portions of the molecular machinery to allow different simulation techniques and boundary conditions to be applied as appropriate. This capability has been required to demonstrate (computationally) our gear's feasibility. A new distributed software architecture featuring a WWW universal client, CORBA distributed objects, and agent software is under consideration. The software architecture is intended to eventually enable a widely disbursed group to develop complex simulated molecular machines.

Globus, Al↗
DOE OSTI2025

Multivariable pseudospectrum in C $\ast$ -algebras

Here we look at various forms of spectrum and associated pseudospectrum that can be defined for noncommuting d-tuples of Hermitian elements of a C $\ast$ -algebra. In particular, we focus on the forms of multivariable pseudospectra that are finding applications in physics. The emphasis is on theoretical calculations of examples, in particular for noncommuting pairs and triple of operators on infinite dimensional Hilbert space. In particular, we look at the universal pair of projections in a C $\ast$ -algebra, the usual position and momentum operators, and triples of tridiagonal operators. We prove a relation between the quadratic pseudospectrum and Clifford pseudospectra, as well as results about how symmetries in a tuple of operators can lead to a symmetry in the various pseudospectra.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2023

Imaging the electronic and magnetic structure of topological-superconductor proximity systems (Final Report)

The primary goals of the projects supported by this grant involved developing methods to detect and control electronic states that can aid in the construction of quantum-information devices, including quantum computers. Two types of materials are needed to create these electronic states: superconductors and topological insulators. The interplay of the quantum mechanics of these materials can give rise to elusive states known as Majorana fermions. Majorana Fermions have incredible potential for quantum technology; they can in principle encode quantum information non-locally, and can thus form the basis of especially robust qubits – the basic building blocks of quantum computers. A centerpiece goal of this work was to develop a Majorana detection tool called a Scanning Majorana Microscope. This tool was successfully developed.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2020

Optimization and Prediction of Spectral Response of Metasurfaces Using Artificial Intelligence

Hot-electron generation has been a topic of intense research for decades for numerous applications ranging from photodetection and photochemistry to biosensing. Recently, the technique of hot-electron generation using non-radiative decay of surface plasmons excited by metallic nanoantennas, or meta-atoms, in a metasurface has attracted attention. These metasurfaces can be designed with thicknesses on the order of the hot-electron diffusion length. The plasmonic resonances of these ultrathin metasurfaces can be tailored by changing the shape and size of the meta-atoms. One of the fundamental mechanisms leading to generation of hot-electrons in such systems is optical absorption, therefore, optimization of absorption is a key step in enhancing the performance of any metasurface based hot-electron device. Here we utilized an artificial intelligence-based approach, the genetic algorithm, to optimize absorption spectra of plasmonic metasurfaces. Using genetic algorithm optimization strategies, we designed a polarization insensitive plasmonic metasurface with 90% absorption at 1550 nm that does not require an optically thick ground plane. We fabricated and optically characterized the metasurface and our experimental results agree with simulations. Finally, we present a convolutional neural network that can predict the absorption spectra of metasurfaces never seen by the network, thereby eliminating the need for computationally expensive simulations. Our results suggest a new direction for optimizing hot-electron based photodetectors and sensors.

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Investigation of inter-subject variation in ultrafine particle deposition across human nasal airways: A study involving children, adults, and the elderly

Occupational and environmental exposure to toxic nanoparticles, driven by the rapid expansion of nanotechnology, raises significant respiratory health concern. Numerous studies have explored airflow and particle dynamics in adult nasal airways, but understanding the impact of age-related anatomical changes in children and the elderly remains limited. This study systematically investigates age-related anatomical variations and associated influence on nasal airflow dynamics and ultrafine particle deposition characteristics. Using Computational Fluid-Particle Dynamics (CFPD) method, simulation was conducted under diverse inhalation conditions spanning a wide age range, including: two children (5 years old), two young adults (in their twenties), and two elderly (over 77 years old). Our results reveal distinctive variations across age groups in anatomical dimensions, which affect distribution of wall shear stress where the elderly and children display unique patterns distinct from the young adults. While total deposition efficiency differs significantly between children and adults, filtration efficiency in the subregion with most deposition, main respiratory, remains consistent. However, inter-subject differences are observed in the vestibular and olfactory regions,emphasizing nuanced impact of age-related anatomical variations. Overall and subregional empirical equations for deposition efficiency were developed by incorporating the combined diffusion parameter, Sc a Δ b , corroborating the use of geometrical characteristic parameters for each specific subject in predicting nasal deposition efficiency across age groups. Our findings contribute to predictive nanoparticle exposure analysis in nasal airways across different age groups, thereby enhancing respiratory healthcare for individuals across the life span.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗