Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “DRUG”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 145 records · Page 8
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2026

The Novel Carbapenem, JDB/PQ-1-219, Has Potent Broad Spectrum Activity against Multi-Drug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

Carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii, driven largely by class D, along with class A and class B β- lactamases, has severely compromised the utility of these last resort antibiotics. As a result, infections caused by such pathogens are characterized by extremely high mortality rates. Here we describe the antimicrobial activity of the novel C5 methyl-substituted carbapenem JDB/PQ-1−219 against multidrug resistant A. baumannii and the mechanism of its interaction with its major carbapenemase, OXA-23. JDB/PQ-1-219 exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against A. baumannii producing various carbapenemases, with MICs that are all in the clinically susceptible range. The compound has unrestricted ingress through porins and avoids egress by efflux pumps, a unique property when compared to all commercial carbapenems. Kinetic experiments demonstrated that unlike for other carbapenems, acylation of OXA-23 by JDB/ PQ-1-219 is monophasic, and mass spectrometry studies showed that this results from the conversion of all enzyme into a reversible tetrahedral intermediate which gradually transitions into the stable acyl-enzyme complex. No deacylation of this complex is observed over a physiologically relevant time period, making JDB/PQ-1−219 an extremely potent inhibitor of OXA-23. Time-resolved crystallography revealed fine details of active site dynamics, leading to complete inhibition of the enzyme. Together, these studies identify JDB/PQ-1-219 as a uniquely effective novel carbapenem with clinically significant levels of activity against multidrug resistant A. baumannii.

Acinetobacter baumannii↗
DOE OSTI2025

Structural basis for human NKCC1 inhibition by loop diuretic drugs

Abstract Na + –K + –Cl − cotransporters functions as an anion importers, regulating trans-epithelial chloride secretion, cell volume, and renal salt reabsorption. Loop diuretics, including furosemide, bumetanide, and torsemide, antagonize both NKCC1 and NKCC2, and are first-line medicines for the treatment of edema and hypertension. NKCC1 activation by the molecular crowding sensing WNK kinases is critical if cells are to combat shrinkage during hypertonic stress; however, how phosphorylation accelerates NKCC1 ion transport remains unclear. Here, we present co-structures of phospho-activated NKCC1 bound with furosemide, bumetanide, or torsemide showing that furosemide and bumetanide utilize a carboxyl group to coordinate and co-occlude a K + , whereas torsemide encroaches and expels the K + from the site. We also found that an amino-terminal segment of NKCC1, once phosphorylated, interacts with the carboxyl-terminal domain, and together, they engage with intracellular ion exit and appear to be poised to facilitate rapid ion translocation. Together, these findings enhance our understanding of NKCC-mediated epithelial ion transport and the molecular mechanisms of its inhibition by loop diuretics.

Biochemistry & Molecular Biology↗
NASA NTRS1972

Implantable drug therapy device: A concept

Design is described of small, rechargeable, implantable infusor which contains fluid medicament stored under pressure and which dispenses fluid continuously through catheter. Body of infusor is covered by pliable silicone rubber sheath attached to suture pad for securing device.

Feldstein, C.↗
NASA NTRS1974

The biological effect of prolonged radiation and ways of selecting new anti-radiation drugs effective in this kind of radiation injury

The basic characteristics of prolonged radiation - increased tolerance of radiation injury - are attributed to cellular kinetics; as dose rate is reduced, the population rate is not disturbed, particularly that of stem cells which makes it possible for the organism to tolerate higher radiation loads. It is concluded that this effect makes approved radio protectors, whose effect contains an established cytostatic component, unsuitable for prolonged radiation. It is better to correct the stem pool formation process by either accelerating the proliferation of cells or limiting the effect of stimuli causing cells to lose colony forming properties.

Rogozkin, V. D.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Effects of hypnotic drugs on performance before and after sleep

The effects of various hypnotics on sleep stage parameters and on the parameters of effectiveness were evaluated along with the effects of several commonly used yet distinctly different hypnotics on daytime performance. The effects on daytime performance of two nonhypnotics commonly used in the space program were also examined.

Kales, A.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Fraction-storage unit for drug-identification system

Device, connecting outputs of all gas chromatographs to single, relatively inexpensive IR spectrometer, reduces costs of system. Storage unit provides buffer storage of samples until infrared spectrometer is ready to accept them. Storage unit can be used to separate overlapping peaks.

Campen, C. F.↗