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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 145 records · Page 8
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NASA NTRS1975

Results of phase one of land use information Delphi study

The Land Use Management Information System (LUMIS) is being developed for the city portion of the Santa Monica mountains. LUMIS incorporates data developed from maps and aerial photos as well as traditional land based data associated with routine city and county record keeping activities and traditional census data. To achieve the merging of natural resource data with governmental data LUMIS is being designed in accordance with restrictions associated with two other land use information systems currently being constructed by Los Angeles city staff. The two city systems are LUPAMS (Land Use Planning and Management System) which is based on data recorded by the County Assessor's office for each individual parcel of land in the city, and Geo-BEDS, a geographically based environmental data system.

Paul, C. K.↗
NASA NTRS1975

Policy implications in developing a land use management information systems

The current land use map for the city of Los Angeles was developed by the guesstimation process and provides single stage information for each level in the critical geographical hierarchy for land use planning management. Processing and incorporation of LANDSAT data in the land use information system requires special funding; however, computergraphic maps are able to provide a viable information system for city planning and management.

Landini, A. J.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Advanced control technology and its potential for future transport aircraft

This document is a compilation of papers presented at a symposium on advanced control technology held in Los Angeles, Calif. , July 9 to 11. 1974. Papers were presented by representatives of industry, the Air Force, and various NASA Centers. The topics covered included fly by wire, digital control, control-configured vehicles, applications to advanced flight vehicles, advanced propulsion control systems, and the benefits of applying active control technology to transport aircraft.

Flight control↗
NASA NTRS1975

ATS-6 - UCLA fluxgate magnetometer

A summary of the design of the University of California at Los Angeles' fluxgate magnetometer is presented. Instrument noise in the bandwidth 0.001 to 1.0 Hz is of order 85 m gamma. The DC field of the spacecraft transverse to the earth-pointing axis is 1.0 + or - 21 gamma in the X direction and -2.4 + or - 1.3 gamma in the Y direction. The spacecraft field parallel to this axis is less than 5 gamma. The small spacecraft field has made possible studies of the macroscopic field not previously possible at synchronous orbit. At the 96 W longitude of Applications Technology Satellite-6 (ATS-6), the earth's field is typically inclined 30 deg to the dipole axis at local noon. Most perturbations of the field are due to substorms. These consist of a rotation in the meridian to a more radial field followed by a subsequent rotation back. The rotation back is normally accompanied by transient variations in the azimuthal field. The exact timing of these perturbations is a function of satellite location and the details of substorm development.

Mcpherron, R. L.↗
NASA NTRS1976

A two-dimensional model for the transport of pollutants in an urban basin

The distribution of an inert chemical species, carbon monoxide (CO), emitted mainly from automobile exhaust is investigated. The transport model, in analogy with the shallow water theory in fluid dynamics, considers variation of all physical quantities in the horizontal direction below the temperature inversion layer. Pollutants are found to be carried primarily by the wind; turbulent diffusion in a normal day plays only a minor role. The concentration of CO predicted by the present model for the entire Los Angeles basin is compared with observed data at nine stations. Accuracy of four different numerical schemes, the effect of turbulent diffusivity, and the source strengths are examined.

Liu, C. Y.↗
NASA NTRS1976

IBIS - A geographic information system based on digital image processing and image raster datatype

IBIS (Image Based Information System) is a geographic information system which makes use of digital image processing techniques to interface existing geocoded data sets and information management systems with thematic maps and remotely sensed imagery. The basic premise is that geocoded data sets can be referenced to a raster scan that is equivalent to a grid cell data set. The first applications (St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, and Los Angeles County) have been restricted to the design of a land resource inventory and analysis system. It is thought that the algorithms and the hardware interfaces developed will be readily applicable to other Landsat imagery.

Bryant, N. A.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Interagency comparison of iodometric methods for ozone determination

The California Air Resources Board appointed an Oxidant Calibration Committee for the purpose of evaluating the accuracy of the different agency calibration procedures. The committee chose UV absorption photometry as the reference method for ozone measurement. Interagency comparisons of the various iodometric methods were conducted relative to the ultraviolet standard. The tests included versions of the iodometric methods as employed by the Air Resources Board, the Los Angeles Air Pollution Control District, and the EPA. An alternative candidate reference method for ozone measurement, gas phase titration, was also included in the test series.

Demore, W. B.↗
NASA NTRS1977

LANDSAT-D thematic mapper simulation using aircraft multispectral scanner data

A simulation of imagery from the upcoming LANDSAT-D thematic mapper was accomplished by using selected channels of 24-channels aircraft multispectral scanner data. The purpose was to simulate thematic mapper 30-meter resolution imagery and compare its spectral quality with the original aircraft MSS data and determine changes in thematic classification accuracy for the simulated imagery. The original resolution of approximately 7.5 meters IFOV and simulated resolution of 15, 30, and 60 meters were used to indicate the trend of spectral quality and classification accuracy. The study was based in a 6.5 square kilometer area of urban Los Angeles having a diversity of land use.

Clark, J.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Landsat-D thematic mapper simulation using aircraft multispectral scanner data

A simulation of imagery from the upcoming Landsat-D Thematic Mapper was accomplished by using selected channels of aircraft 24-channel multispectral scanner data. The purpose was to simulate Thematic Mapper 30-meter resolution imagery, to compare its spectral quality with the original aircraft MSS data, and to determine changes in thematic classification accuracy for the simulated imagery. The original resolution of approximately 7.5 meters IFOV and simulated resolution of 15, 30, and 60 meters were used to indicate the trend of spectral quality and classification accuracy. The study was based in a 6.5 square kilometer area of urban Los Angeles having a diversity of land use. The original imagery was reduced in resolution by two related methods: pixel matrix averaging, and matrix smoothing with a unity box filter, followed by matrix averaging. Thematic land use classification using training sites and a Bayesian maximum-likelihood algorithm was performed at three levels of standard deviation - 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 sigma. Plots of relative standard deviation showed that for larger training sites with a normal distribution of data, as the resolution decreased, the distribution range of density values decreased. Also, the classification accuracies for three levels of standard deviation increased as resolution decreased. However, the indication is that a point of diminishing returns had been reached, and 30 meters IFOV should be the best for multispectral classification of urban scenes.

Clark, J.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Integration of socioeconomic data and remotely sensed imagery for land use applications

The Image Based Information System (IBIS) uses techniques of digital image processing to interface geocoded data sets, information management systems, thematic maps, and remotely sensed imagery. For two cases IBIS has been used to integrate remotely sensed imagery and socioeconomic data. In the first case thematically classified Landsat imagery covering Orange County, California is combined with census tracts and municipalities. In the second case, thematically classified Landsat imagery over Los Angeles, California is combined with census tracts.

Bryant, N. A.↗
NASA NTRS1977

A two-dimensional model for the transport of pollutants in an urban basin

The distribution of carbon monoxide emitted mainly from an automobile exhaust is investigated. Carbon monoxide is assumed to be chemically inert. The transport model, in analogy with the shallow-water theory in fluid dynamics, considers variation of all physical quantities in the horizontal direction below the temperature inversion layer. Pollutants are found to be carried primarily by the wind; turbulent diffusion in a normal day plays only a minor role. The concentration of CO predicted by the present model for the entire Los Angeles basin is compared with observed data at nine stations. Accuracy of four different numerical schemes, the effect of turbulent diffusivity, and the source strengths are examined.

Liu, C. Y.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Electric energy demand and supply prospects for California

A recent history of electricity forecasting in California is given. Dealing with forecasts and regulatory uncertainty is discussed. Graphs are presented for: (1) Los Angeles Department of Water and Power and Pacific Gas and Electric present and projected reserve margins; (2) California electricity peak demand forecast; and (3) California electricity production.

Jones, H. G. M.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Total solar irradiance at Table Mtn, California 1926-77

It is suggested that the mean direct solar irradiance at Table Mountain, California (100 km NE of Los Angeles at an elevation of 2460 m) in July over the 1926-77 period has not changed by more than the standard errors associated with the means of the observations. Data were not collected systematically in the years between 1952 and 1977. If the conclusion which is based partly on a single month of observation in 1977 is valid, change in the atmospheric transmission-solar 'constant' product does not exceed plus or minus one percent.

Wilson, R. C.↗
NASA NTRS1979

The effect of radar azimuth angle on cultural data

Emphasis is placed on the role that the orientation of observed features has on the grey tone of the resulting positive image. As an example it is shown that in the Los Angeles urbanized region, large areas have significantly lower grey tones than adjacent areas having similar land cover. It is determined that this effect is the result of the angle difference between the radar azimuth and the street pattern and especially the orientation of the walls of the structures imaged. Therefore, knowledge of this information is essential in order to ensure accurate interpretation of radar imagery. It is concluded that for radar systems operated from platforms which have fixed azimuth angles (e.g., satellite systems such as Seasat-A), an interpretation methodology, which considers street patterns, is considered especially critical for proper and accurate SAR imagery.

Bryan, M. L.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Using population statistics for a first look at the utility of Landsat data for urban areas

The paper reviews the Image Based Information System (IBIS), developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) which provided the city of Los Angeles with Landsat land use data in a format compatible with the city's land use and population files. Landsat data are compared to other land use files and the comparisons are discussed as an attempt to establish a level of validity. Relationships between population and Landsat data are investigated and reveal the strengths and weaknesses of the use of such data for urban areas. Finally, it is noted that the project verified the flexibility of IBIS for reducing and delivering Landsat data to users lacking the ability to process raw satellite data tapes and points to the system as a model for a potential national census of land use.

Landini, A. J.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Landsat-D thematic mapper simulation in an urban area using aircraft multispectral scanner data

A simulation of imagery from the Landsat-D thematic mapper was conducted in order to determine its usefulness for urban land-use classification. Aircraft 24-channel multispectral scanner imagery of the Los Angeles area at 7.5-m resolution was processed digitally by means of matrix averaging and image smoothing techniques to simulate the 30-m resolution of the thematic mapper. Mean and standard deviation statistics of training sites for resolutions of 7.5, 15, 30 and 60 m were used to generate final classification maps. Plots of relative standard deviation showed that for larger training sites, as the resolution decreased, the distribution range of density values also decreased, while plots of relative classification accuracies showed that as resolution decreased, classification accuracies for three levels of standard deviation increased. A point of diminishing returns was indicated, however, confirming the utility of the resolution intended for Landsat-D.

Clark, J.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Near hybrid passenger vehicle development program, phase 1. Appendices A and B. Mission analysis and performance specification studies report, volume 1

The three most promising vehicle use patterns (missions) for the near term electric hybrid vehicle were found to be all-purpose city driving, commuting, and family and civic business. The mission selection process was based principally on an analysis of the travel patterns found in the Nationwide Transportation Survey and on the Los Angeles and Washington, D.C. origin-destination studies data. Travel patterns in turn were converted to fuel requirements for 1985 conventional and hybrid cars. By this means, the potential fuel savings for each mission were estimated, and preliminary design requirements for hybrid vehicles were derived.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1979

The latitudinal structure of Pc 5 waves in space - Magnetic and electric field observations

The occurrence frequency and spatial structure of Pc 5 magnetic pulsations in the dawnside of the plasma trough have been studied using data from the Ogo 5 satellite. The wave magnetic fields were obtained from the University of California, Los Angeles, flux-gate magnetometer measurements, and one component of the wave electric field was inferred from oscillations of the ion flux measured by the Lockheed light ion mass spectrometer. During portions of seven of the 19 passes comprising the survey, Pc 5 oscillations were observed in the ion flux but not in the magnetic field, and in each case the satellite was within 10 deg of the geomagnetic equator. Above 10 deg latitude, transverse magnetic and electric oscillations were both observed. The results are consistent with the model of a standing Alfven wave along a resonant field line with the geomagnetic equator as a node of the magnetic perturbation, that is, an odd mode.

Singer, H. J.↗