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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 145 records · Page 8
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

A dynamic microbial sulfur cycle in a serpentinizing continental ophiolite

Summary Serpentinization is the hydration and oxidation of ultramafic rock, which occurs as oceanic lithosphere is emplaced onto continental margins (ophiolites), and along the seafloor as faulting exposes this mantle‐derived material to circulating hydrothermal fluids. This process leads to distinctive fluid chemistries as molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) and hydroxyl ions (OH − ) are produced and reduced carbon compounds are mobilized. Serpentinizing ophiolites also serve as a vector to transport sulfur compounds from the seafloor onto the continents. We investigated hyperalkaline, sulfur‐rich, brackish groundwater in a serpentinizing continental ophiolite to elucidate the role of sulfur compounds in fuelling in situ microbial activities. Here we illustrate that key sulfur‐cycling taxa, including Dethiobacter , Desulfitispora and ‘ Desulforudis ’, persist throughout this extreme environment. Biologically catalysed redox reactions involving sulfate, sulfide and intermediate sulfur compounds are thermodynamically favourable in the groundwater, which indicates they may be vital to sustaining life in these characteristically oxidant‐ and energy‐limited systems. Furthermore, metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses reveal a complex network involving sulfate reduction, sulfide oxidation and thiosulfate reactions. Our findings highlight the importance of the complete inorganic sulfur cycle in serpentinizing fluids and suggest sulfur biogeochemistry provides a key link between terrestrial serpentinizing ecosystems and their submarine heritage.

Sabuda, Mary C.↗
DOE OSTI2021

Solvent molecules form surface redox mediators in situ and cocatalyze O 2 reduction on Pd

Solvent molecules influence the reactions of molecular hydrogen and oxygen on palladium nanoparticles. Organic solvents activate to form reactive surface intermediates that mediate oxygen reduction through pathways distinct from reactions in pure water. Kinetic measurements and ab initio quantum chemical calculations indicate that methanol and water cocatalyze oxygen reduction by facilitating proton-electron transfer reactions. Methanol generates hydroxymethyl intermediates on palladium surfaces that efficiently transfer protons and electrons to oxygen to form hydrogen peroxide and formaldehyde. Formaldehyde subsequently oxidizes hydrogen to regenerate hydroxymethyl. Water, on the other hand, heterolytically oxidizes hydrogen to produce hydronium ions and electrons that reduce oxygen. These findings suggest that reactions of solvent molecules at solid-liquid interfaces can generate redox mediators in situ and provide opportunities to substantially increase rates and selectivities for catalytic reactions.

Adams, Jason S.↗
DOE OSTI2023

Promising approaches for the assembly of the catalytically active, recombinant Desulfomicrobium baculatum hydrogenase with substitutions at the active site

Background: Hydrogenases (H2ases) are metalloenzymes capable of the reversible conversion of protons and electrons to molecular hydrogen. Exploiting the unique enzymatic activity of H2ases can lead to advancements in the process of biohydrogen evolution and green energy production. Results: Here we created of a functional, optimized operon for rapid and robust production of recombinant [NiFe] Desulfomicrobium baculatum hydrogenase (Dmb H2ase). The conversion of the [NiFeSe] Dmb H2ase to [NiFe] type was performed on genetic level by site-directed mutagenesis. The native dmb operon includes two structural H2ase genes, coding for large and small subunits, and an additional gene, encoding a specific maturase (protease) that is essential for the proper maturation of the enzyme. Dmb, like all H2ases, needs intricate bio-production machinery to incorporate its crucial inorganic ligands and cofactors. Strictly anaerobic, sulfate reducer D. baculatum bacteria are distinct, in terms of their biology, from E. coli. Thus, we introduced a series of alterations within the native dmb genes. As a result, more than 100 elements, further compiled into 32 operon variants, were constructed. The initial requirement for a specific maturase was omitted by the artificial truncation of the large Dmb subunit. The assembly of the produced H2ase subunit variants was investigated both, in vitro and in vivo. This approach resulted in 4 recombinant [NiFe] Dmb enzyme variants, capable of H 2 evolution. The aim of this study was to overcome the gene expression, protein biosynthesis, maturation and ligand loading bottlenecks for the easy, fast, and cost-effective delivery of recombinant [NiFe] H2ase, using a commonly available E. coli strains. Conclusion: The optimized genetic constructs together with the developed growth and purification procedures appear to be a promising platform for further studies toward fully-active and O 2 tolerant, recombinant [NiFeSe] Dmb H2ase, resembling the native Dmb enzyme. It could likely be achieved by selective cysteine to selenocysteine substitution within the active site of the [NiFe] Dmb variant.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on H7ClO3 by Materials Project

H5O2H7O3ClH2OCl crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of one hydrochloric acid, monohydrate molecule; one molecular hydrogen;dihydrate molecule; and one H7O3Cl cluster. In the H7O3Cl cluster, there are seven inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 1.00 Å. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one O2- and one Cl1- atom. The H–O bond length is 1.03 Å. The H–Cl bond length is 1.88 Å. In the fourth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. In the fifth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.02 Å) and one longer (1.61 Å) H–O bond length. In the sixth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 1.00 Å. In the seventh H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.14 Å) and one longer (1.29 Å) H–O bond length. There are three inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three H1+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to three H1+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three H1+ atoms. Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one H1+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on U(HO2)2 by Materials Project

UO2(OH)2 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of one molecular hydrogen;dihydrate molecule and one UO2 sheet oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. In the UO2 sheet, U6+ is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of U–O bond distances ranging from 2.05–2.11 Å. There are two inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent U6+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a linear geometry to two equivalent U6+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on H5ClO6 by Materials Project

H5O2ClO4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic P2_12_12_1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four molecular hydrogen;dihydrate molecules and four ClO4 clusters. In each ClO4 cluster, there are four inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.46 Å. In the second O site, O is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.46 Å. In the third O site, O is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.49 Å. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.44 Å. Cl is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on H5ClO6 by Materials Project

H5O2ClO4 crystallizes in the orthorhombic P2_12_12_1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four molecular hydrogen;dihydrate molecules and four ClO4 clusters. In each ClO4 cluster, there are three inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.47 Å. In the second O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.45 Å. In the third O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.46 Å. Cl is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on H5ClO6 by Materials Project

H5O2(H2O)4(HClO4)2H5O6ClClO4 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of one molecular hydrogen;dihydrate molecule, four water molecules, one ClO4 cluster, one H5O6Cl cluster, and two HClO4 clusters. In the ClO4 cluster, there are four inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.47 Å. In the second O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.47 Å. In the third O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.47 Å. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.46 Å. Cl is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. In the H5O6Cl cluster, there are five inequivalent H sites. In the first H site, H is bonded in a single-bond geometry to two O atoms. There is one shorter (1.00 Å) and one longer (1.71 Å) H–O bond length. In the second H site, H is bonded in a linear geometry to two O atoms. There is one shorter (1.20 Å) and one longer (1.24 Å) H–O bond length. In the third H site, H is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. In the fourth H site, H is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. In the fifth H site, H is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. There are six inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.46 Å. In the second O site, O is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one H and one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.47 Å. In the third O site, O is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three H atoms. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three H atoms. In the fifth O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.49 Å. In the sixth O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.45 Å. Cl is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. In one of the HClO4 clusters, H is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O atom. The H–O bond length is 1.00 Å. There are four inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.43 Å. In the second O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.44 Å. In the third O site, O is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one H and one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.63 Å. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.43 Å. Cl is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. In one of the HClO4 clusters, H is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O atom. The H–O bond length is 1.00 Å. There are four inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.43 Å. In the second O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.43 Å. In the third O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.43 Å. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one H and one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.64 Å. Cl is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ge7H18O23 by Materials Project

Ge7H4O17(H5O2)2(H2O)2 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of two molecular hydrogen;dihydrate molecules, two water molecules, and one Ge7H4O17 framework. In the Ge7H4O17 framework, there are seven inequivalent Ge4+ sites. In the first Ge4+ site, Ge4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form GeO6 octahedra that share corners with three GeO4 tetrahedra and edges with three GeO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Ge–O bond distances ranging from 1.85–2.07 Å. In the second Ge4+ site, Ge4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form GeO6 octahedra that share corners with three GeO4 tetrahedra and edges with three GeO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Ge–O bond distances ranging from 1.84–2.00 Å. In the third Ge4+ site, Ge4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form GeO6 octahedra that share corners with three GeO4 tetrahedra and edges with three GeO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Ge–O bond distances ranging from 1.85–2.03 Å. In the fourth Ge4+ site, Ge4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form GeO6 octahedra that share corners with three GeO4 tetrahedra and edges with three GeO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Ge–O bond distances ranging from 1.84–2.10 Å. In the fifth Ge4+ site, Ge4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing GeO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 53–64°. There are a spread of Ge–O bond distances ranging from 1.74–1.85 Å. In the sixth Ge4+ site, Ge4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing GeO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 57–61°. There are a spread of Ge–O bond distances ranging from 1.75–1.79 Å. In the seventh Ge4+ site, Ge4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing GeO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 53–59°. There are a spread of Ge–O bond distances ranging from 1.73–1.86 Å. There are four inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.03 Å) and one longer (1.63 Å) H–O bond length. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. In the fourth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. There are seventeen inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Ge4+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three Ge4+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Ge4+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three Ge4+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to two Ge4+ and one H1+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to two Ge4+ and one H1+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the seventeenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to three H1+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on SbH7(Br2O)3 by Materials Project

SbBr6H2OH5O2 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four molecular hydrogen;dihydrate molecules, four water molecules, and four SbBr6 clusters. In each SbBr6 cluster, Sb5+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six Br1- atoms. There are a spread of Sb–Br bond distances ranging from 2.60–2.63 Å. There are six inequivalent Br1- sites. In the first Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the second Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the third Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the fourth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the fifth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the sixth Br1- site, Br1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Sb2H20(Cl4O3)3 by Materials Project

(SbCl6)2(H2O)5(H5O2)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of eight molecular hydrogen;dihydrate molecules, twenty water molecules, and eight SbCl6 clusters. In each SbCl6 cluster, Sb5+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six Cl1- atoms. There are a spread of Sb–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.40–2.44 Å. There are six inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the fourth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the fifth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the sixth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on H12Cl2O13 by Materials Project

H7O3H5O2(ClO4)2 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four molecular hydrogen;dihydrate molecules, eight ClO4 clusters, and four H7O3 clusters. In each ClO4 cluster, there are four inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.48 Å. In the second O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.46 Å. In the third O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.46 Å. In the fourth O site, O is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Cl atom. The O–Cl bond length is 1.46 Å. Cl is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O atoms. In each H7O3 cluster, there are seven inequivalent H sites. In the first H site, H is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O atom. The H–O bond length is 1.02 Å. In the second H site, H is bonded in a linear geometry to two O atoms. There is one shorter (1.05 Å) and one longer (1.53 Å) H–O bond length. In the third H site, H is bonded in a linear geometry to two O atoms. There is one shorter (1.05 Å) and one longer (1.53 Å) H–O bond length. In the fourth H site, H is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O atom. The H–O bond length is 1.00 Å. In the fifth H site, H is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O atom. The H–O bond length is 1.00 Å. In the sixth H site, H is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. In the seventh H site, H is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. There are three inequivalent O sites. In the first O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three H atoms. In the second O site, O is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three H atoms. In the third O site, O is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three H atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on ScH16I3O8 by Materials Project

ScH10O7IH2OHI1IH3 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of four hydriodic acid molecules, four molecular hydrogen;hydroiodide molecules, four water molecules, and four ScH10O7I clusters. In each ScH10O7I cluster, Sc3+ is bonded in a 7-coordinate geometry to seven O2- atoms. There are a spread of Sc–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.35 Å. There are ten inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. In the fourth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. In the fifth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. In the sixth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. In the seventh H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- and one I1- atom. The H–O bond length is 1.00 Å. The H–I bond length is 2.42 Å. In the eighth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. In the ninth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.97 Å. In the tenth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. There are seven inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Sc3+ and two H1+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sc3+, one H1+, and one O2- atom. The O–O bond length is 1.48 Å. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Sc3+ and two H1+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Sc3+ and two H1+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to one Sc3+ and one O2- atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Sc3+ and one H1+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to one Sc3+ and two H1+ atoms. I1- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to one H1+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on SbH5(Cl3O)2 by Materials Project

SbCl6H5O2 is Molybdenum Carbide MAX Phase-like structured and crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of two molecular hydrogen;dihydrate molecules and two SbCl6 clusters. In each SbCl6 cluster, Sb5+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six Cl1- atoms. There are a spread of Sb–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.39–2.44 Å. There are six inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the fourth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the fifth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom. In the sixth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Sb5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ge7H18O23 by Materials Project

Ge7H7O18(H2O)3H5O2 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of one molecular hydrogen;dihydrate molecule, three water molecules, and one Ge7H7O18 framework. In the Ge7H7O18 framework, there are seven inequivalent Ge4+ sites. In the first Ge4+ site, Ge4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form GeO6 octahedra that share corners with three GeO4 tetrahedra and edges with three GeO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Ge–O bond distances ranging from 1.85–2.05 Å. In the second Ge4+ site, Ge4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form GeO6 octahedra that share corners with three GeO4 tetrahedra and edges with three GeO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Ge–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.08 Å. In the third Ge4+ site, Ge4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form GeO6 octahedra that share corners with three GeO4 tetrahedra and edges with three GeO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Ge–O bond distances ranging from 1.83–2.07 Å. In the fourth Ge4+ site, Ge4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form GeO6 octahedra that share corners with three GeO4 tetrahedra and edges with three GeO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Ge–O bond distances ranging from 1.82–2.24 Å. In the fifth Ge4+ site, Ge4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing GeO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 49–60°. There are a spread of Ge–O bond distances ranging from 1.73–1.84 Å. In the sixth Ge4+ site, Ge4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing GeO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 54–61°. There are a spread of Ge–O bond distances ranging from 1.75–1.78 Å. In the seventh Ge4+ site, Ge4+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing GeO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 56–59°. There are a spread of Ge–O bond distances ranging from 1.73–1.85 Å. There are seven inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 1.01 Å. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.04 Å) and one longer (1.61 Å) H–O bond length. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.02 Å) and one longer (1.72 Å) H–O bond length. In the fourth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.03 Å) and one longer (1.65 Å) H–O bond length. In the fifth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 1.02 Å. In the sixth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. In the seventh H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. There are eighteen inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three Ge4+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Ge4+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to three Ge4+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three Ge4+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two Ge4+ and one H1+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Ge4+ and one H1+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to two Ge4+ and one H1+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to two Ge4+ and one H1+ atom. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two Ge4+ atoms. In the seventeenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three H1+ atoms. In the eighteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to three H1+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on H9Au(ClO)4 by Materials Project

AuCl4(H2O)2H5O2 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is zero-dimensional and consists of one molecular hydrogen;dihydrate molecule, two water molecules, and one AuCl4 cluster. In the AuCl4 cluster, Au3+ is bonded in a rectangular see-saw-like geometry to four Cl1- atoms. There are one shorter (2.31 Å) and three longer (2.32 Å) Au–Cl bond lengths. There are four inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Au3+ atom. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Au3+ atom. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Au3+ atom. In the fourth Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Au3+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on VH17C4S4(O5F3)4 by Materials Project

VH12(S2O9)2(CF3)4H5O2 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is one-dimensional and consists of four fluoroform molecules; one molecular hydrogen;dihydrate molecule; and one VH12(S2O9)2 ribbon oriented in the (1, 0, 0) direction. In the VH12(S2O9)2 ribbon, V5+ is bonded in an octahedral geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 2.02–2.04 Å. There are six inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.00 Å) and one longer (1.68 Å) H–O bond length. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.00 Å) and one longer (1.70 Å) H–O bond length. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 1.00 Å. In the fourth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.00 Å) and one longer (1.69 Å) H–O bond length. In the fifth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. In the sixth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 1.00 Å. There are two inequivalent S+3.50+ sites. In the first S+3.50+ site, S+3.50+ is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three O2- atoms. There is two shorter (1.46 Å) and one longer (1.48 Å) S–O bond length. In the second S+3.50+ site, S+3.50+ is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three O2- atoms. There are a spread of S–O bond distances ranging from 1.45–1.48 Å. There are nine inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to one H1+ and one S+3.50+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one S+3.50+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one H1+ and one S+3.50+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one S+3.50+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one H1+ and one S+3.50+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to one S+3.50+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one V5+ and two H1+ atoms. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one V5+ and two H1+ atoms. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one V5+ and two H1+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Co2Hg2H3(SO5)2 by Materials Project

(CoHgSO5)4(H2)3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbcm space group. The structure is three-dimensional and consists of four molecular hydrogen molecules and one CoHgSO5 framework. In the CoHgSO5 framework, Co+1.50+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form CoO5 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with three equivalent SO4 tetrahedra and an edgeedge with one CoO5 trigonal bipyramid. There are a spread of Co–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.18 Å. There are two inequivalent Hg2+ sites. In the first Hg2+ site, Hg2+ is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Hg–O bond distances ranging from 2.10–2.90 Å. In the second Hg2+ site, Hg2+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two O2- atoms. There are one shorter (2.06 Å) and one longer (2.10 Å) Hg–O bond lengths. S5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form SO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three equivalent CoO5 trigonal bipyramids. There are a spread of S–O bond distances ranging from 1.47–1.52 Å. There are six inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to two equivalent Co+1.50+ and two Hg2+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OCo2Hg2 tetrahedra. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Co+1.50+ and one S5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one Hg2+ and one S5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Co+1.50+, one Hg2+, and one S5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to two equivalent Co+1.50+ and two Hg2+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OCo2Hg2 tetrahedra. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one Co+1.50+ and one S5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗