Ozone Contamination in Aircraft Cabins: Summary of recommendations
Recommendations from the three panels on in-flight measurements, flight planning to avoid high ozone, and ozone destruction techniques are summarized.
Perkins, P. J.↗
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Recommendations of OSTA Flight Technology Improvement Workshop-Power Subsystems panel
The recommendations of the power subsystems panel are discussed; The thrust is directed at radiometric problems. Areas that need development are defined for both spacecraft power subsystems and power supplies for experiments and instruments.
Slifer, L. W., Jr.↗
Postflight analysis of the single-axis acoustic system on SPAR VI and recommendations for future flights
The single axis acoustic levitator that was flown on SPAR VI malfunctioned. The results of a series of tests, analyses, and investigation of hypotheses that were undertaken to determine the probable cause of failure are presented, together with recommendations for future flights of the apparatus. The most probable causes of the SPAR VI failure were lower than expected sound intensity due to mechanical degradation of the sound source, and an unexpected external force that caused the experiment sample to move radially and eventually be lost from the acoustic energy well.
Naumann, R. J.↗
NASA research programs responding to workshop recommendations
The atmospheric electricity and lightning committee forecasts lightning and dissemination of information on the probability of occurrence. A data source with the F-106 flight program was established. The objective is to improve the detectability of lightning and severe storms and help develop operational avoidance procedures and to study the use of satellite and Doppler radar to detect thunderstorms and forecast the probability of lightning. Three recommendations are made: (1) to establish a national flying lightning laboratory; (2) strike models are considered and to gather strike data; (3) to find the best way to apply electrical field data to operations.
Tobiason, A. R.↗
Recommended ENTREE S-band and Doppler models
Based on comparisons between instantaneous and light time delay (LTD) formulations for S band range and Doppler observables, expanded models for instantaneous S band observables are recommended for inclusion in the ENTREE program. In a worst case situation using Guam tracking for a representative shuttle entry trajectory, the proposed ENTREE model differs from the LTD model by approximately + or - 0.2 ft in range and + or - 0.02 Hz in Doppler. In contrast, the maximum differences between the existing ENTREE model and the LTD model are approximately (-80, +60) ft in range and (-4, -1) Hz in Doppler.
Kelly, G. M.↗
Recommendations concerning satellite-acquired earth resource data: 1982 report of the Data Management Subcommittee of the GEOSAT Committee, Incorporated
End user concerns about the content and accessibility of libraries of remote sensing data in general are addressed. Recommendations pertaining to the United States' satellite remote sensing programs urge: (1) the continuation of the NASA/EROS Data Center program to convert pre-1979 scenes to computer readable tapes and create a historical archive of this valuable data; (2) improving the EROS archive by adding geologically interesting scenes, data from other agencies (including previously classified data), and by adopting a policy to retire data from the archive; (3) establishing a computer data base inquiry system that includes remote sensing data from all publically available sources; (4) capability for prepurchase review and evaluation; (5) a flexible price structure; and (6) adoption of standard digital data products format. Information about LANDSAT 4, the status of worldwide LANDSAT receiving stations, future non-U.S. remote sensing satellites, a list of sources for LANDSAT data, and the results of a survey of GEOSAT members' remote sensing data processing systems are also considered.
Source record↗
An evaluation of microorganisms for unconventional food regeneration schemes in CELSS - Research recommendations
The benefits and deficiencies of various candidates for a controlled ecological life support system (CELSS) for manned spacecraft missions of at least 3-14 yr are discussed. Conventional plants are considered unacceptable due to their inefficient production of foodstuffs and overproduction of stems and leafy matter. The alternate concepts are algae and/or bacteria or chemical synthesis of food. Microorganisms are considered the most promising because of their direct use of CO2 and possible utilization of waste streams. Yeasts are cited as the most viable candidates, since a large data base and experience already exists in the commercial food industry. The addition of hydrogen bactria and solar-grown algae is recommended, together with genetic manipulation experiments to tailor the microorganisms to production of foodstuffs closer to the 70 percent carbohydrate, 20 percent protein, and 10 percent lipid optimal food currently accepted. The yeast strain, Hansenula polymorpha, has been successfully grown in methanol and encouraged to produce a 55 percent carbohydrate content.
Stokes, B. O.↗
Spaceborne Gravity Gradiometers. Part 1: Summary and recommendations
The purpose, objectives, and organization of the workshop are described. Highlights of each presentation are included. Recommendations to NASA for developing a flight qualified gravity gradiometer for use in the global mapping of the gravity fields of the Earth and eventually the planets are formulated.
Source record↗
TDA Assessment of Recommendations for Space Data System Standards
NASA is participating in the development of international standards for space data systems. Recommendations for standards thus far developed are assessed. The proposed standards for telemetry coding and packet telemetry provide worthwhile benefit to the DSN; their cost impact to the DSN should be small. Because of their advantage to the NASA space exploration program, their adoption should be supported by TDA, JPL, and OSTDS.
Posner, E. C.↗
Forecasting of high voltage insulation performance: Testing of recommended potting materials and of capacitors
Nondestructive high voltage test techniques (mostly electrical methods) are studied to prevent total or catastrophic breakdown of insulation systems under applied high voltage in space. Emphasis is on the phenomenon of partial breakdown or partial discharge (P.D.) as a symptom of insulation quality, notably partial discharge testing under D.C. applied voltage. Many of the electronic parts and high voltage instruments in space experience D.C. applied stress in service, and application of A.C. voltage to any portion thereof would be prohibited. Suggestions include: investigation of the ramp test method for D.C. partial discharge measurements; testing of actual flight-type insulation specimen; perfect plotting resin samples with controlled defects for test; several types of plotting resins and recommendations of the better ones from the electrical characteristics; thermal and elastic properties are also considered; testing of commercial capaciters; and approximate acceptance/rejection/rerating criteria for sample test elements for space use, based on D.C. partial discharge.
Bever, R. S.↗
Ocean services user needs assessment. Volume 1: Survey results, conclusions and recommendations
An interpretation of environmental information needs of marine users, derived from a direct contact survey of eight important sectors of the marine user community is presented. Findings of the survey and results and recommendations are reported. The findings consist of specific and quantized measurement and derived product needs for each sector and comparisons of these needs with current and planned NOAA data and services. The following supportive and reference material are examined: direct contact interviews with industry members, analyses of current NOAA data gathering and derived product capabilities, evaluations of new and emerging domestic and foreign satellite data gathering capabilities, and a special commercial fishing survey conducted by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).
Montgomery, D. R.↗
Main propulsion system design recommendations for an advanced Orbit Transfer Vehicle
Various main propulsion system configurations of an advanced OTV are evaluated with respect to the probability of nonindependent failures, i.e., engine failures that disable the entire main propulsion system. Analysis of the life-cycle cost (LCC) indicates that LCC is sensitive to the main propulsion system reliability, vehicle dry weight, and propellant cost; it is relatively insensitive to the number of missions/overhaul, failures per mission, and EVA and IVA cost. In conclusion, two or three engines are recommended in view of their highest reliability, minimum life-cycle cost, and fail operational/fail safe capability.
Redd, L.↗
Flight-vehicle structures education in the US: Assessment and recommendations
An assessment is made of the technical contents of flight-vehicle structures curricula at 41 U.S. universities with accredited aerospace engineering programs. The assessment is based on the technical needs for new and projected aeronautical and space systems as well as on the likely characteristics of the aerospace engineering work environment. A number of deficiencies and areas of concern are identified and recommendations are presented for enhancing the effectiveness of flight-vehicle structures education. A number of government supported programs that can help aerospace engineering education are listed in the appendix.
Noor, Ahmed K.↗
Development of ADOCS controllers and control laws. Volume 3: Simulation results and recommendations
The Advanced Cockpit Controls/Advanced Flight Control System (ACC/AFCS) study was conducted by the Boeing Vertol Company as part of the Army's Advanced Digital/Optical Control System (ADOCS) program. Specifically, the ACC/AFCS investigation was aimed at developing the flight control laws for the ADOCS demonstator aircraft which will provide satisfactory handling qualities for an attack helicopter mission. The three major elements of design considered are as follows: Pilot's integrated Side-Stick Controller (SSC) -- Number of axes controlled; force/displacement characteristics; ergonomic design. Stability and Control Augmentation System (SCAS)--Digital flight control laws for the various mission phases; SCAS mode switching logic. Pilot's Displays--For night/adverse weather conditions, the dynamics of the superimposed symbology presented to the pilot in a format similar to the Advanced Attack Helicopter (AAH) Pilot Night Vision System (PNVS) for each mission phase is a function of SCAS characteristics; display mode switching logic. Results of the five piloted simulations conducted at the Boeing Vertol and NASA-Ames simulation facilities are presented in Volume 3. Conclusions drawn from analysis of pilot rating data and commentary were used to formulate recommendations for the ADOCS demonstrator flight control system design. The ACC/AFCS simulation data also provide an extensive data base to aid the development of advanced flight control system design for future V/STOL aircraft.
Landis, Kenneth H.↗
Propulsion recommendations for space station free flying platforms
Propulsion system candidates have been defined for Space Station free flying platforms for the purpose of comparison and to understand the impact of the various mission requirements on the candidate designs. Recommendations for propulsion for each of the various platforms are given.
Redd, L. R.↗
Propulsion recommendations for Space Station free flying platforms
Propulsion system candidates have been defined for Space Station free flying platforms for the purpose of comparison and to understand the impact of the various mission requirements on the candidate designs. Consideration of the platform mission requirements and comparisons of the conceptual propulsion system design candidates has led to a fairly clear set of recommendations for propulsion for each of the various platforms.
Redd, L. R.↗
Flight-vehicle structures education in the United States Assessment and recommendations
An assessment is made of the technical contents of flight-vehicle structures curricula at 41 U.S. universities with accredited aerospace engineering programs. The assessment is based on the technical needs for the new and projected aeronautical and space systems as well as on the likely characteristics of the aerospace engineering work environment. A number of deficiencies and areas of concern are identified and recommendations are presented for enhancing the effectiveness of flight-vehicle structures education. A number of government supported programs that can help aerospace engineering education are listed in the appendix.
Noor, Ahmed K.↗
Recommendations for ground effects research for V/STOL and STOL aircraft and associated equipment for large scale testing
The current understanding of the effects of ground proximity on V/STOL and STOL aircraft is reviewd. Areas covered include (1) single jet suckdown in hover, (2) fountain effects on multijet configurations, (3) STOL ground effects including the effect of the ground vortex flow field, (4) downwash at the tail, and (5) hot gas ingestion in both hover and STOL operation. The equipment needed for large scale testing to extend the state of the art is reviewed and developments in three areas are recommended as follows: (1) improve methods for simulating the engine exhaust and inlet flows; (2) develop a model support system that can simulate realistic rates of climb and descent as well as steady height operation; and (3) develop a blowing BLC ground board as an alternative to a moving belt ground board to properly simulate the flow on the ground.
Kuhn, Richard E.↗