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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 145 records · Page 8
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1995

The Dependence of the Change in the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Graphite Fiber Reinforced Polyimide IM7-K3B on Microcracking due to Thermal Cycling

Composite IM7-K3B was subjected to a simulated high speed aircraft thermal environment to determine the effects of microcracking on the change in CTE. IM7-K3B is a graphite fiber reinforced polyimide laminate, manufactured by Dupont. The lay-up for the material was (0.90((Sub 3)(Sub s))). The specimens were placed in a laser-interferometric dilatometer to obtain thermal expansion measurements and were then repeatedly cycled between -65 F and 350 F up to 1000 cycles. After cycling they were scanned for microcracks at a magnification of 400x. The material was expected not to crack and to have a near zero CTE. Some microcracking did occur in all specimens and extensive microcracking occurred in one specimen. Further testing is required to determine how closely the CTE and microcracking are related.

Stewart, Melissa C.↗
NASA NTRS2000

Thermal cycling test results of CSP and RF assemblies

A JPL-led chip scale package (CSP) Consortium of enterprises, composed of representing agencies and private companies, recently joined together to pool in-kind resources for developing the quality and reliability of chip scale packages (CSPs) for a variety of projects.

chip scale package CSP thermal cycle solder joint ↗
NASA NTRS2001

Effect of thermal cycling ramp rate on CSP assembly reliability

A JPL-led chip scale package consortium of enterprises recently joined together to pool in-kind resources for developing the quality and reliability of chip scale packages for a variety of projects. The experience of the consortium in building more than 150 test vehicle assemblies, single and double sided multilayer PWBs, and the environmental test results has now been published as a chip scale package guidelines document.

accelerated thermal cycle chip scale package solde↗
NASA NTRS1995

(abstract) Variations in Polarimetric Backscatter of Saline Ice Grown Under Diurnal Thermal Cycling Condition

An experiment was carried out in January 1994 at the Geophysical Research Facility in the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory. To investigate effects on polarimetric scattering signatures of sea ice growth under diurnal temperature variations, an ice sheet was grown for 2.5 days for the thickness of 10 cm and a polarimetric radar operating at C-band was used to obtain backscattering data in conjunction with ice-characterization measurements. The ice sheet was grown in the late morning of January 19, 1994. The initial growth rate was slow due to high insolation and temperature. As the air temperature dropped during the night, the growth rate increased significantly. The air temperature changed drastically from about -10(deg)C to -35(deg)C between day and night. The temperature cycle was repeated during the next day and the growth rate varied in the same manner. The surface of the ice was partially covered by frost flowers and the areal coverage increased as the ice became thicker. Throughout the ice growth duration of 2.5 days, polarimetric backscatter data were collected at roughly every centimeter of ice growth. For each set of radar measurements of saline ice, a set of calibration measurements was carried out with trihedrial corner reflectors and a metallic sphere. Measured polarimetric backscattering coefficients of the ice sheet reveal a strong correlation between radar data and temperature variations. As the temperature increased (decreased), the backscatter increased (decreased) correspondingly. From the ice-characterization data, temperatures of the air, at the ice-air interface, and in the ice layer had the same variation trend. Another interesting experimental observation is that the salinity measured as a function of ice depth from a sample of 10-cm thich ice indicated that the salinity variations had a similar cycle as the temperature; i.e., the salinity profile recorded the history of the temperature variations. Characterization data of the ice sheet are used in a theoretical model for scattering from saline ice with frost cover to explain the observed polarimetric signatures.

characterization polarimetric radar salinity tempe↗
NASA NTRS1993

Thermal Cycling Fatigue in DIPs Mounted with Eutectic Tin-Lead Solder Joints in Stub and Gullwing Geometries

It has long been known that solder joints under mechanical stress are subject to failure. In early electronic systems, such failures were avoided primarily by avoiding the use of solder as a mechanical structural component. The rule was first to make sound wire connections that did not depend mechanically on solder, and only then to solder them. Careful design and miniaturization in modern electronic systems limits the mechanical stresses exerted on solder joints to values less than their yield points, and these joints have become integral parts of the mechanical structures. Unfortunately, while these joints are strong enough when new, they have proven vulnerable to fatigue failures as they age. Details of the fatigue process are poorly understood, making predictions of expected lifetimes difficult.

fatigue failure solder joints failure mechanisms s↗
NASA NTRS1993

Effect of thermal cycling on interface bonding requirements in Al2O3 fiber-reinforced superalloy composites

CTE (coefficient of thermal expansion) mismatch-induced stresses as they affect the fiber-matrix bond integrity of Al2O3 fiber-reinforced superalloy composites are examined. Of the three individual stress components, only the radial stress directly affects the integrity of the fiber-matrix interface. It is noted that a compressive radial stress leads to a clamping action on the fiber and is therefore beneficial to the integrity of the fiber-matrix bond. A radial tensile stress, on the other hand, can cause debonding of the fiber from the matrix for a weak fiber-matrix bond.

Misra, Ajay K.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Prolonging thermal barrier coated specimen life by thermal cycle management

Measurements were made of the rate of increase in temperature of a ZrO2-8Y2O3 thermal barrier coated (TBC) specimen for various values of fuel/air (F/A) ratios when the specimen is exposed to a 0.3 Mach burner flame. For rod specimens in a carousel, the heating rates increased with (F/A) ratio and were higher at the inward facing surface for a given (F/A). Plate specimens were more sensitive to burner variations. Calculated results are given for the radial stress in the coated rod specimens for variations in (F/A) ratios from 0.04 to 0.065. Over this range, the radial stress varies from 4.3 to 5.3 MPa. The results indicate that controlling the heating rate of a TBC by controlling the (F/A) ratio offers a potential method to prolong TBC cyclic life; uncontrolled (F/A) ratios will produce scatter in experimental results. Geometric arrangement can have an equivalent effect, but is usually fixed by design.

Hendricks, R. C.↗
NASA NTRS1985

Reusable thermal cycling clamp

A reusable metal clamp for retaining a fused quartz ampoule during temperature cycling in the range of 20 deg C to 1000 deg C is described. A compressible graphite foil having a high radial coefficient of thermal expansion is interposed between the fused quartz ampoule and metal clamp to maintain a snug fit between these components at all temperature levels in the cycle.

Debnam, W. J., Jr.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Experimental determination of transient strain in a thermally-cycled simulated turbine blade utilizing a non-contact technique

A type of noncontacting electro-optical extensometer was used to measure the displacement between parallel targets mounted on the leading edge of a simulated turbine blade throughout a complete heating and cooling cycle. The blade was cyclically heated and cooled by moving it into and out of a Mach 1 hot gas stream. The principle of operation and measurement procedure of the electro-optics extensometer are described.

Calfo, F. D.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Materials characterization study of conductive flexible second surface mirrors

The status of prequalification and qualification work on conductive flexible second surface mirrors is described. The basic material is FEP Teflon witn either aluminium or silver vacuum deposited reflectors. The top layer has been made conductive by deposition of layer of a indium oxide. The results of a prequalification program comprised of decontamination, humidity, thermal cycling, thermal shock and vibration tests are presented. Thermo-optical and electrical properties. The results of a prequalification program comprised of decontamination, humidity, thermal cycling, thermal shock and vibration tests are presented. Thermo-optical and electrical properties, the electrostatic behavior of the materials under simulated substorm environment and electrical conductivity at low temperatures are characterized. The effects of simulated ultra violet and particles irradiation on electrical and thermo-optical properties of the materials are also presented.

Levadou, F.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Some inelastic effects of thermal cycling on ZrO2-Y2O3 materials

An analysis has been developed which relates the effects of inelastic behavior of Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) materials. The results show these materials to be sensitive to small changes in temperature and are supported by measurements of inelastic behavior in disk and bar specimens at temperatures as low as 1010 C (1850 F). At higher thermomechanical loads, the test specimens can deform to strains greater than 1 percent and for bar specimens, with sufficient strength, to remain bonded to the metallic substrate.

Hendricks, R. C.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Some inelastic effects of thermal cycling on yttria-stabilized zirconia

The effects of inelastic behavior of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) materials were analyzed. The results show these materials to be sensitive to small changes in temperature and are supported by measurements of inelastic behavior in disc and bar specimens at temperatures as low as 1010 C (1850 F). At higher thermomechanical loadings, the test specimens can deform to strains above 1 percent.

Hendricks, R. C.↗