The acoustic damping of a rectangular panel
Acoustic damping of clamped and hinged rectangular panel at natural frequency, noting dependence on aspect ratio
Wallace, C. E.↗
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Nondestructive testing for braze voids in thin panels by use of special coatings
Application of commercial coating to exterior of sandwich panel structures for determining presence of voids in brazed plates is discussed. Procedure for applying coating material and method of conducting nondestructive tests are explained. Illustrations are included to show appearance of voids.
Gibson, J. C.↗
A four-panel enclosure protects from explosion
Development of multi-layered baffle as enclosure to protect personnel from effects of explosion during production of ammunition is discussed. Advantages of new system over previous systems are described. Illustration of typical panel structure is provided.
King, P. V.↗
A panel space for RFI shielding gaskets: A concept
Method for spacing and shielding console chasis from panel is described. Small Teflon buttons are force-fitted into standard holes in console.
Goins, W. T.↗
Thermal testing techniques for space shuttle thermal protection system panels
An experimental system was developed for evaluation of the effects of aerodynamic heating and cooling, vacuum, and pressure loading on candidate insulation packages proposed for use on the space shuttle. The system includes a number of design features which facilitate rapid recycle times. This is necessary to efficiently conduct extensive thermal cycling tests on these insulation packages to determine their reuse capabilities. The heart of the system is a 26-inch graphite element radiant heater. A susceptor plate functions as a uniform-temperature intermediate radiating surface. The susceptor also forms the lid of an inert atmosphere enclosure which separates the heater from the oxidizing test atmosphere. In some tests the plate properly simulates the heating from an actual flight heat-shield panel. Although other materials were used at lower required test temperatures, 2500 F was routinely achieved using a coated columbium susceptor plate.
Cox, B. G.↗
Pilot dynamics for instrument approach tasks: Full panel multiloop and flight director operations
Measurements and interpretations of single and mutiloop pilot response properties during simulated instrument approach are presented. Pilot subjects flew Category 2-like ILS approaches in a fixed base DC-8 simulaton. A conventional instrument panel and controls were used, with simulated vertical gust and glide slope beam bend forcing functions. Reduced and interpreted pilot describing functions and remmant are given for pitch attitude, flight director, and multiloop (longitudinal) control tasks. The response data are correlated with simultaneously recorded eye scanning statistics, previously reported in NASA CR-1535. The resulting combined response and scanning data and their interpretations provide a basis for validating and extending the theory of manual control displays.
Weir, D. H.↗
Pulsed differential holographic measurements of vibration modes of high temperature panels
Holography is a lensless imaging technique which can be applied to measure static or dynamic displacements of structures. Conventional holography cannot be readily applied to measure vibration modes of high-temperature structures, due to difficulties caused by thermal convection currents. The present report discusses the use of pulsed differential holography, which is a technique for recording structural motions in the presence of random fluctuations such as turbulence. An analysis of the differential method is presented, and demonstration experiments were conducted using heated stainless steel plates. Vibration modes were successfully recorded for the heated plates at temperatures of 1000, 1600, and 2000 F. The technique appears promising for such future measurments as vibrations of the space shuttle TPS panels or recording flutter of aeroelastic models in a wind-tunnel.
Evensen, D. A.↗
A graphite/epoxy compression panel for the space shuttle.
Martin Marietta fabricated a hat-section-stiffened compression panel of graphite/epoxy composite that was analyzed to optimize the structural configuration and material distribution. The fabrication processes developed were modified following the appearance of several problems associated with the unique physical properties of the material. Quality control processes were developed, with emphasis in the areas of ultrasonics and X-ray.
Meredith, O. D.↗
A discrete variable approximation to minimum weight panel designs subject to a supersonic flutter-speed constraint.
A numerical technique is presented that determines the minimum-weight thickness distribution for a one-dimensional, simply supported panel subjected to a parallel supersonic flow on one side. An aeroelastic eigenvalue, which characterizes flutter speed, is held constant. The governing differential equations are approximated by sets of difference equations adjoined to the weight function via a penalty function. A conjugate gradient method then solves the resulting sequence of unconstrained minimization problems. Numerical results are obtained without imposing a minimum thickness constraint; the effect of constant inplane tensile and compressive stresses is also investigated.
Pierson, B. L.↗
Compressive strength of titanium alloy skin-stringer panels selectively reinforced with boron-aluminum composite.
Description of a method of selectively reinforcing conventional titanium airframe structure with unidirectional boron-aluminum composite attached by brazing which has been successfully demonstrated based on compression tests of short skin-stringer panels. Improvements in structural performance exceeded 25% on an equivalent weight basis over the range from room temperature to 800 F, both in terms of initial buckling and maximum strengths. Room-temperature performance was not affected by prior exposure at 600 F for 1000 hours in air, or by 400 cycles between -65 and 600 F. The experimental results were generally predictable on the basis of existing analytical procedures. No evidence of failure was observed in the braze bond between the boron-aluminum composite and the titanium alloy.
Herring, H. W.↗
Experimental evaluation of the aerodynamic damping of skin panels at low supersonic Mach numbers.
The aerodynamic damping of the first three vibration modes of a rectangular panel exposed to an attached turbulent boundary layer has been measured over the Mach number range of 1.10 to 1.40. Data showing that aerodynamic damping is a strong function of Mach number, dynamic pressure, mode shape, and boundary layer thickness are presented. At low supersonic Mach numbers, aerodynamic damping was found to be 20 to 100 times as large as common values of structural damping. Means of calculating aerodynamic damping, including effects of the boundary layer profile, are discussed. Calculated aerodynamic damping is compared with experimental data.
Muhlstein, L., Jr.↗
Lightweight graphite/polyimide panels
Panels are constructed of honeycombed polyimide/graphite core covered with thin face sheet of same material. Fabrication is based on extension of thin-gage graphite technology and modification of glass filament polyimide honeycomb techniques.
Poesch, J. G.↗
Bonded panel, flaw detection standards
With optical holography or ultrasonic equipment, process prepares standards for use in detection of flaws in bonded panels. Metal-to-metal, composite-to-metal, and composite-to-composite flaw standards have been produced by this process, and all have been used and tested successfully.
Platt, R. J., Jr.↗
Fatigue evaluation of composite-reinforced integrally stiffened metal panels: Summary
The fatigue and fail-safe behavior of composite-reinforced, integrally stiffened metal panels was investigated. Test results consisting of conventional fatigue lives, fatigue-crack propagation rates, and residual static strength are presented and discussed.
Dumesnil, C. E.↗
Microbiological sampling of spacecraft cabling, antennas, solar panels and thermal blankets
Sampling procedures and techniques described resulted from various flight project microbiological monitoring programs of unmanned planetary spacecraft. Concurrent with development of these procedures, compatibility evaluations were effected with the cognizant spacecraft subsystem engineers to assure that degradation factors would not be induced during the monitoring program. Of significance were those areas of the spacecraft configuration for which special handling precautions and/or nonstandard sample gathering techniques were evolved. These spacecraft component areas were: cabling, high gain antenna, solar panels, and thermal blankets. The compilation of these techniques provides a historical reference for both the qualification and quantification of sampling parameters as applied to the Mariner Spacecraft of the late 1960's and early 1970's.
Koukol, R. C.↗
Development of lightweight aluminum compression panels reinforced by boron-epoxy infiltrated extrusions
Analytical and experimental studies were performed to evaluate the structural efficiencies afforded by the selective reinforcement of conventional aluminum compression panels with unidirectional boron epoxy composite materials. A unique approach for selective reinforcement was utilized called boron/epoxy infiltration. This technique uses extruded metal sections with preformed hollow voids into which unidirectional boron filaments are drawn and subsequently infiltrated with resin to form an integral part. Simplified analytical models were developed to investigate the behavior of stiffener webs with reinforced flanges. Theoretical results are presented demonstrating the effects of transverse shear, of the reinforcement, flange eccentricity and torsional stiffness in such construction. A series of 55 tests were conducted on boron-infiltrated rods and extruded structural sections.
Roy, P. A.↗
Fatigue evaluation of composite-reinforced, integrally stiffened metal panels
The fatigue behavior of composite-reinforced, integrally stiffened metal panels was investigated in combined metal and composite materials subjected to fatigue loading. The systems investigated were aluminum-graphite/epoxy, and aluminum-S glass/epoxy. It was found that the composite material would support the total load at limit stress after the metal had completely failed, and the weight of the composite-metal system would be equal to that of an all metal system which would carry the same total load at limit stress.
Dumesnil, C. E.↗
Test fixture design for boron-aluminum and beryllium test panels
A detailed description of the test fixture design and the backup analysis of the fixture assembly and its components are presented. The test fixture is required for the separate testing of two boron-aluminum and two beryllium compression panels. This report is presented in conjunction with a complete set of design drawings on the test fixture system.
Breaux, C. G.↗